Rizal Chapter 15

CHAPTER15: RIZAL’S SECOND SOJOURN IN PARIS AND THE UNIVERSAL
EXPOSITION IN 1889
> MARCH,1889- it was extremely difficult for a visitor to find living quarters in Paris.
>VALENTIN VENTURA– a friend of Rizal where he lived—No. 45 Rue Maubeuge
- where he Polished his annotated edition of Morga’s book. Rizal used most of his time in the
reading Room of the Bibliotheque Nationale (National Library) checking up his historical
annotations On Morga’s book.
>JUNE 24, 1889 – a baby girl was born to Juan Luna and Paz Pardo de Tavera, she was their
Second child.
>MAY 6, 1889 – opening of Universal Exposition of Paris. The greatest attraction of this
Exposition was the Eiffel Tower, (984 feet high, built by Alexander Eiffel a French engineer.)
KIDLAT CLUB – purely a social society of a nature

>MARCH 19, 1889 -the same day when he arrived in Paris from London, Rizal organized his
Paisanos (compatriots) into a society called Kidlat Club
-Simply to bring together young Filipinos in The French capital so that they could enjoy Their
sojourn in the city during the duration of the Universal Exposition.
INDIOS BRAVOS (Brave Indians) - Rizal was enchanted by the dignified an proud bearing of
the American Indians in a Buffalo Bull show.
-its members pledged to excel in intellectual and physical prowess in order to win the admiration
of the foreigners-practiced with great enthusiasm the use of the sword and pistol and Rizal taught
them judo, an Asian art of self-defense that he learned in Japan.
R.D.L.M SOCIETY
Sociedad R.D.L.M. (R.D.L.M Society) – a mysterious society founded by Rizal in Paris during
the Universal Exposition of 1889
-its existence and role in the crusade reforms are really enigmatic-Of numerous letters written by
Rizal and his fellow propagandists,
The two mentioned are :
(1) Rizal’s Letter to Jose Maria Basa, Paris, September 21, 1889
(2) Rizal’s Letter to Marcelo H. del Pilar, Paris, November 4, 1889.
-According to Dr. Leoncio Lopez-Rizal (grandnephew of the hero) the society has a symbol or
countersign represented by acircle divided into three parts by two semi-circles having in the
center the interlocked letters I and B meaning Indios Bravos and the letter R.D.L.M. placed
outside an upper, lower, left and right sides of the circle.
-The letters R.D.L.M. are believed to be the initials of the society’s secret name Redencion de los
Malayos (Redemption of the Malays)—Redemption of the Malay Race.
-It was patterned after Freemasonry. It had various degrees of membership, “with the members
not knowing each other.”
-The aim of the secret society, as stated by Rizal, was “the propagation of all useful knowledge
scientific, artistic, and literary, etc. in the Philippines. Evidently, there was another aim that is,
the redemption of the Malay race.
- Rizal was inspired by a famous book entitled Max Havelaar (1860) written by Multatuli
(pseudonym of E.D. Dekker, Dutch author)
ANNOTATED EDITION OF MORGA PUBLISHED

-Rizal’s outstanding achievement in Paris Was the publication in 1890 of his Annotated edition
of Morga’s Sucesos, Which he wrote in the British Museum. It Was printed by Garnier Freres.
The Prologue was written by Professor Blumentritt upon the request of Rizal. Rizal dedicated his
new edition of Morga’s To the Filipino people so that they would Know of their glorious past.
The title page of Rizal’s annotated Edition of Morga reads: “Paris, Liberia de Garnier Hermanos,
1890”
>THE Philippine WITHIN THE CENTURY- article written by Rizal which he expressed his
views on the Spanish Colonization in the Philippines and predicted with amazing accuracy the
tragic end of Spain’s sovereignty In Asia.
>THE INDULENCE OF FILIPINO – other essay of Rizal is also a prestigious work of
Historical scholarship. It is an able defense of the alleged indolence of the Filipinos-Rizal made a
critical Study of the causes why his people did not work hard during the Spanish regime. His
main thesis was That the Filipinos are not by nature indolent.
>INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION of FILIPINOLOGISTS -association proposed by Rizal to
establish taking advantage of World attention which was then focused at the Universal
Exposition in 1889 in Paris and have its Inaugural convention in the French capital.
>PROJECT FOR FILIPINO COLLEGE IN HONG KONG – another magnificent project of
Rizal in Paris which also fizzled Out was his plan to establish a modern college in Hong Kong.
>POR TELEFONO -another satirical work as a reply to another slanderer, Fr. Salvador Font,
who Masterminded the banning of his Noli, in the fall of 1889 it was published in booklet form
in Barcelona , 1889, this satirical pamphlet under the authorship of “Dimas Alang” is a witty
satire which Ridicules Father Font.
>DECEMBER 25, 1889,- Rizal and Jose Albert, planned To have sumptuous Christmas dinner.
- Shortly after New Year, Rizal made a brief visit to London. It may be due to two reasons:
(1) to check up His annotated edition of Morga’s Sucesos with the original copy in the
British Museum
(2) to see Gertrude Beckett for the last time.
>JANUARY 1890- he was back in Paris. He complained of a terrible headache.

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CHAPTER15: RIZAL’S SECOND SOJOURN IN PARIS AND THE UNIVERSAL

KIDLAT CLUB – purely a social society of a nature

ANNOTATED EDITION OF MORGA PUBLISHED

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