2012

BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA.

MINISTRY OF PEOPLE'S POWER FOR UNIVERSITY EDUCATION.

SUCRE MISSION FOUNDATION “UBV”

COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE.

BOLIVAR CITY - BOLIVAR STATE.

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OPERATING SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
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FACILITATOR: STUDENT:
HERMES MARCANO ANA TORRES CI:14,044,106
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OPERATING SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

1. In software and hardware applications, software requirements are the characteristics that the software
installed on a computer must have in order to support and/or run a specific application or device.

Software requirements can be:

* Operating system requirements.
* Requirements for specific applications installed.
* Requirements for certain applications not installed on the same system.
* Requirements for certain configurations in the operating system or in certain applications.

2. From a software engineering point of view, it can refer to its subdiscipline Software Requirements.

TO. (software requirements). From the point of view of software engineering, software requirements are a
subdiscipline or field of this, which deals with the obtaining, analysis, specification and validation of the
requirements for the software.

PRE-INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS

Regardless of the OS that we want to install on our computer, there are certain preparations that we must
make to optimize subsequent operation.

Before installation:

Have adequate space on a hard drive.

Format or partition the hard drive if necessary.

Configure the computer's startup to recognize the means by which the new OS will be installed.

Partitioning a hard drive is usually the biggest problem for newbies in GNU/Linux, but there are free tools
and a large number of tutorials on the Internet that show us how to do it. Once the hard drive has been
partitioned and the necessary space for our new OS has been prepared, the next thing is to configure the
computer's startup to read the OS installer. Finally, we install the OS according to the recommendations
contained in its documentation and we are ready.

• The minimum hardware requirements demanded by the operating system .

Generally, all operating systems, in all their versions, offer information about the minimum hardware
characteristics that the computer on which it is going to be installed must meet.

These minimum characteristics usually refer to the elements:

• Processor type and speed.
• RAM memory capacity.
• Hard drive capacity. Number and type of partitions.
• Features of the video card
• Necessary devices (DVD reader, network card, etc.).

– Equipment characteristics
.- In addition to knowing if the equipment meets the hardware requirements for the operation of the
operating system.

You have to know:

• Previously installed disks, partitions, types and operating systems.
• The partitions involved in installing the new OS
• The final design of partitions, with capacities and types, that are intended to be achieved.
- Licenses.- It is necessary to know the type of license required to be able to use the OS in accordance with
current legislation.

– Boot loaders.- are the programs that are used on computers with various OSs. installed to select, during
startup, the OS that must be loaded.
Depending on the operating systems previously installed, and those that will be installed in the future, you
must know which boot manager program will be used and if its characteristics allow startup from any OS.

(** Max includes in its distribution the GRUB boot loader that will allow any OS to start installed previously
and from Max himself.)

(** Windows includes a boot loader that only allows booting from other Windows systems. This bootloader
may leave other non-Microsoft installed systems inaccessible. In the event that Microsoft operating systems
and free Max-type systems must coexist on the same system, it is recommended to install Microsoft
operating systems first and Max last, since GRUB will include options to boot from any of them. )

– Backups – it is essential to back up the data on a disk before proceeding to install an OS on it The
installation of operating systems is the operation that most frequently produces disasters in the information
that was previously contained on the disk. Incorrect partitioning or a compatibility problem can result in the
loss of information on a partition.

– Applications to install.- The type of applications to install and their capacity requirements will determine
the OS and the capacities of the partitions to be used.
– Different partitions for the system and for data . It is advisable to have the OS in different partitions and
user data. This arrangement makes it easy to make backup copies and, in addition, if you have to reinstall the
operating system, it is not necessary to have to dump all the data to an external device and relocate it again
after installation. The inconvenience is having to calculate the space that will be allocated to each of the two
partitions.

– Supported installation methods.- In addition to the typical installation in which the administrator user
performs the installation from the system DVDs, there are circumstances that may make it advisable to use
more sophisticated installation techniques. A typical case is the installation of the OS on a large number of
teams. Some of the most used techniques are:
• Use of files with the information required by the system during installation.

These types of installations are called unattended because they do not require the physical presence of a
user during installation. The information required during installation is taken from a file prepared in advance.
The user only starts the installation process, which is usually done through an instruction that contains an
option to specify the file that contains the responses.

• Installation from a server . The operating system software is located on a computer on the network and
the user will only need to have a boot system that establishes communication with the installation server.
Prevents users from damaging the media where the original software is located.

• Disk duplication . As in the previous case, you need to have a starting system for the computer, which will
communicate with a server that will contain a copy of a previously installed installation.

This technique is very effective when the computers where the installation is to be carried out have the same
hardware characteristics. The difference with the previous method is that here there is no real installation,
no software is decompressed or device checks are carried out, etc., only files are copied.

– Live versions.- When what is needed is to perform tests with the OS To check its characteristics, or if you
want to preserve its integrity without modifications, you can use a Live version on DVD, which allows the
system to start and operate without installing on the hard drive. The great advantage is that the OS It never
suffers variations due to being installed on the DVD and the fundamental drawbacks are its greater slowness
and that the configurations and modifications made to the programs and utilities included on the DVD are
lost when the computer is turned off. A typical example of use is the classroom. MaX has Live versions and
pen drive versions.

– Virtual machine.- for cases similar to the previous one (testing), the possibility of managing the OS can also
be considered. in a virtual machine. With this method the OS It is installed in a file that can be deleted and
copied at any time more easily than having to work with partitions.

Requirements to install DOS

❖ 8086/88 processor 1 MBytes of RAM

❖ Hard drive with 200MBytes space
❖ Keyboard
❖ VGA monitor

Requirements to install Windows 9X

❖ 80486DX 66 MHz processor

❖ 16 MBytes of RAM
❖ Keyboard, mouse, 16-color VGA monitor
❖ Hard drive with free space of 255 to 355 MBytes
❖ Sometimes a 14.4 Kbps modem is necessary to update the drivers.
❖ A floppy and a CDROM (32X)

Requirements to install Windows NT

❖ 32-bit processor (80486/25 or greater)

❖ Monitor with VGA resolution
❖ Hard drive with 117 MBytes free
❖ Floppy and compact disk drive
❖ 12 MBytes of RAM
❖ Mouse, keyboard
❖ Network card to update drivers
❖ Requirements to install Windows 2000
❖ Pentium type processor
❖ 64 MBytes of RAM
❖ A 2 GByte partition or hard drive
❖ VGA monitor
❖ Compact disk drive of at least 12X
❖ A network card
Requirements to install Windows XP Home Edition

❖ Pentium 233 MHz processor

❖ 64 MBytes of RAM
❖ 1.5 GBytes on disk hard
❖ Compact disc or DVD drive
❖ Keyboard, mouse
❖ Super VGA Monitor withresolution 800X600
❖ Sound card
❖ Speakers or headphones
Requirements to install Windows XP Professional Pentium Processor with 233 MHrz

❖ 64 MBytes of RAM
❖ 1.5 GBytes of disk hard
❖ Compact disc or DVD drive
❖ Keyboard, mouse
❖ Super VGA Monitor with 800X600 resolution
❖ Sound card
❖ Speakers or headphones

Requirements to install LINUX

❖ X86 processor, Pentium recommended

❖ 32 MBytes of RAM
❖ Hard drive with 300MBytes free
❖ compact disk drive
❖ floppy drive
❖ VGA monitor
❖ Keyboard, mouse

MINIMUM HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: MEMORY.

❖ 1. In computing, a device based on circuits that enable limited storage of

information and its subsequent recovery.

Memories are usually quick access, and can be volatile or non-volatile.

The main classification of memories are RAM and ROM. These memories are used for primary storage.

❖ 2. The term memory is also used to call any device, circuit or storage medium.
recording that allows information to be stored from a computer.

There are secondary storage memories such as hard drives, optical disks, etc.

❖ 3. Memoryvirtual.
❖ 4. Memorycache.
❖ 5. Memoryflash.
❖ 6. Memories can be classified as external memory or internal memory.
❖ 7. Memory card.
❖ 8. Memory address.
❖ 9. Memory bandwidth.
❖ 10. Memory latency.

Since the first computers, the logical structure has been as follows:

Base memory: from 0 to 640 KB (KiloBytes), it is in this area where most of the programs that the user uses
are stored.

Upper and reserved memory: from 640 to 1,024 MB (MegaBytes), loads structures called information
exchange pages and memory blocks called UMB.

Expanded memory: this is paged memory that is assigned to programs in upper memory, which was
sometimes not used due to the configuration of the computer and can be used with this method.

Extended memory: from 1,024 MB to 4 GB (GigaBytes), all applications that do not fit in the base memory
are loaded.
MINIMUM HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: STORAGE SPACE.

Hardware requirements may vary based on the number of concurrent users, bucket size, and system
configuration. Larger deployments may require some configuration adjustments for optimal performance.
Purchasing a commercial version of LogicalDOC contact the LogicalDOC Support Team for further assistance.
It is highly recommended that hardware be dedicated to running the LogicalDOC installation

LogicalDOC Cloud is the internet-hosted version and does not require any server infrastructure. All you need
to connect to your LogicalDOC Cloud account is a modern Internet browser (see "Supported Browsers").

❖ Minimum hardware requirements

Server 2.0 GHz 32-bit (x86) or 64-bit (x64) process

2 GB system memory

1 GB of storage for application data and bucket storage, as needed.

❖ Workstations

1.5 GHz 32-bit (x86) or 64-bit (x64) processor

512 MB system memory

15 MB storage space

Broadband connection to a server

❖ Minimum software requirements

LogicalDOC Installer for Server

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 (32-bit and 64-bit)

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (32-bit and 64-bit)

CentOS Linux 5 (32-bit and 64-bit)

Ubuntu 8.04.2 LTS (32-bit and 64-bit)

Microsoft Windows 2003 Server SP1 (32-bit and 64-bit)

Microsoft Windows XP Professional SP2 (32-bit)

Microsoft Windows 7 (32-bit and 64-bit)

Appliance software for LogicalDOC x86 32 or 64-bit Server or Workstation Hardware Platform

XenSource Hypervisor

VMWare Server or Workstation

Microsoft Virtual Server

Parallels Workstation

Compatible browsers Firefox 3.x

Internet Explorer 7, 8

Google Chrome 8, 9
Safari 5.x

MINIMUM HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: NETWORK DEVICE.

(NIC, Network Interface Card, network card). A network card is a type of expansion card that is inserted into
the motherboard or a port such as USB, and that allows a computer to be connected to a network and thus
be able to share resources (printers, files and the Internet).

A wireless network card allows the same thing, only without using network cables, but rather radio waves
are used to transmit the information.

❖ Minimum requirements to install and configure a network:

*Two computers or more, each with a network card

*The drivers of these boards installed correctly without having exclamation marks in the device management
part of Windows:

*Choose the server or (HOST) determined for the connection with the workstations:

*Choose the HOST device for Internet Connection Sharing.

*Determine the type of Network adopters you need for your home or office Network:

*Determine the type of network adapters you need for your home or small office network.

*Make a list of the hardware you need to buy. This includes modems, network adapters, hubs and cables

*we must have the network card configured

* In the case of interconnecting 3 or more computers, it is advisable to use a hub, switch or router
depending on the specific needs of each network.

* From each PC to the concentrator we will go with a crossover cable

* If the network is very large, it is advisable to use a dedicated server computer from the rest of the
network, configuring a Proxy on it, and the services that the network requires.

* If the connection is only going to be made between two computers, the cable that must be used is a
crossover network cable. If the cards are 10/100 mbps with an RJ-45 connector, preferably use AMP brand
category 5e UTP cable or similar, this cable can be extend up to 100 meters without problems in normal
installation situations.

MINIMUM HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: READING-WRITE UNITS.

❖ Read and write drives and hard disk

Read-write drives are those that read a storage device, either optically or magnetically.

Hard drive is a non-volatile data storage device that uses a magnetic recording system to store digital data. It
is made up of one or more plates or rigid discs, joined by the same shaft that rotates at high speed inside a
sealed metal box. Above each platter is a read/write head that floats on a thin sheet of air generated by the
rotation of the discs.
 ❖ Aim:

The objective of this practice is for the user to know the characteristics of the reading and writing units and
the procedure to install and configure them.

❖ Tools:

1 .- Screwdriver kit

2 .- Antistatic wristband

3 .- HDD

4 .-CD-ROM or DVD

5 .-Pencil and paper

❖ Procedure:

1 .-Apply safety and hygiene measures.

2 .-Clean the work area

3 .-Identify the hard drive

4 .- Check its characteristics, capacity, speed

5 .-Verify your technology, with the IDE or SATA

6 .-Locate the configuration jumpers

7 .-Configure the hard drive (slave or master)

8 .-Insert the hard drive into the cabinet and screw it in

9 .-Connect the IDE cable to the hard drive and the motherboard

10 .-Connect the hard drive to the electrical current

11 .-Identify the CD-ROM drive

12 .-Verify its characteristics, capacity, speed

13 .-Verify your technology, with the IDE or SATA

14 .-Locate the configuration jumpers

15 .- Configure the CD-ROM (slave or master)

16 .-Insert the CD-ROM drive into the case and screw it

17 .-Connect the IDE cable to the CD-ROM drive and the motherboard

18 .-Connect the CD-ROM drive to the electrical current

19 .-Connect the equipment and turn it on

20 .- Verify that the computer recognizes the installed drives