EXPERIMENTAL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

SIMON RODRIGUEZ

USE OF STATISTICS PLANNING, EXECUTION AND EVALUATION

OF PROGRAMS.
(Birth, Mortality, Morbidity Statistics)

Name: Margrey N. Zambrano S.

IQ : 29,918,244
Section “A” Physiotherapy

The scream, July 2021

 Introduction

The study of mortality is of great interest because it is, paradoxically, an indicator of the

standard of living in general and the level of health, in particular, of a population. Also, because it

is a demographic component, its behavior affects the growth and structure of the population.

However, this field of research is limited by the lack of information or the poor quality of the

existing information. This is of special interest because it can serve to guide or specify a health

policy and from a methodological point of view, it facilitates the understanding of the evolution of

mortality and its changes in structure, which can give greater precision to mortality predictions. A

field that has been little explored is the structure of mortality by sex according to causes, its

differentials and patterns of evolution.

In this report, the use of statistics in planning, execution and evaluation will be presented.

In addition, information related to mortality, birth and morbidity statistics will be briefly

explained since it is a life cycle from the moment we are born until we die.
 Taking into account that statistics is the fundamental tool to collect and analyze data.

When we focus on planning, execution and evaluation; It involves different entities that allow

defining, prioritizing and organizing data in a country, formulating policy designs, plans and

projects. Likewise, thanks to statistics, we can have an approximate or perhaps exact number or

figure of birth control, mortality and morbidity, it is a life cycle from the moment we are born

until we die.

On the other hand, resource and service statistics guarantee systems that use the necessary

data effectively, since they are manipulated by specialists in the field. Today a series of tabulated

tables are used that are the result of a series of studies designated with the most relevant

information.
Statistical Planning:

It is a technical, dynamic, permanent and concerted process between the different entities

of the National Statistical System, which allows defining, organizing and prioritizing the statistics

that the country requires for decision-making.

Benefits

• It favors the coordination between public and private institutions, strengthening their

communication and coordination in terms of the production and management of

statistical information.

• It facilitates the identification and prioritization of the statistical information required for
the formulation and design of policies, plans, and projects.

• It allows SEN entities to know, diagnose and organize their statistical activity.

• It contributes to the efficient use of financial, technological and human resources directed
towards statistical activity.

• It facilitates decision-making, follow-up, monitoring and evaluation of policies, plans and

programs aimed at the development of the country.
Execution

During the planning phase, a legal and institutional framework must be created and

effective work practices and the budget must be reviewed, so that the necessary resources for a

sustainable program can be secured.

Assessment

It is the process through which the level of compliance with the quality attributes

established internationally for statistical production and that are framed in the Fundamental

Principles of Official Statistics of the United Nations (UN) and the National Statistics Code is

identified. Good Practices for Official Statistics, in order to satisfy the needs of users, thus

promoting credibility, reliability and transparency in the production of statistical information

Mortality Statistics

The objective of the statistics on registered deaths is to generate and disseminate

information on the phenomenon of mortality in the country, which allows knowing and comparing

the volume, trend and characteristics of mortality in the different geographical areas of the

country, forming an input for the analysis and evaluation of actions aimed at developing public

health programs.

Information on mortality, birth rate and migratory movement constitutes a fundamental

axis in the study of the demographic dynamics of a population. Death has an indisputable

relevance as a fact of the life cycle, and is proposed as a phenomenon contrary to health: the

definitive end of health. The meaning of death also shows the importance of mortality as an

indicator, due to the ease of its management, which has a consistent relationship with the

aforementioned conceptual definition. The difficulties in managing the concept of health are
known, and in contrast, the ease of constructing indicators according to the definitions of different

diseases and death. Information on mortality is also essential to evaluate health programs and

define actions or strategies. Health policies must be based, even in part, on the evaluation of

health needs and problems.

Vital statistics and civil registration system

In the countries of the Region of the Americas, there are vital statistics systems based on

the civil registry, an entity whose legal purpose is the legal registration of vital events. While the

creation of civil registries in the countries of the Region can be dated to the end of the 19th

century or the beginning of the 20th century, the implementation of SEV as an activity in charge

of national states is clearly located in the last half of the 20th century. . In general, the laws of the

countries establish that the registration of deaths is carried out on the basis of the medical death

certificate, in addition to confirming the death, it must inform about other characteristics of the

deceased person, circumstances and mainly the cause or causes. Delving into the organization of

the SEVs of the countries of the Region, different methodologies for collecting and preparing

information on mortality can be highlighted. Regarding the responsibilities for preparing and

analyzing mortality, there are also various modalities of organization of the SEV in the countries

of the Region. In most countries in the Region, the Ministries of Health are responsible for this

processing and analysis.

Censuses and surveys:

Censuses and sociodemographic surveys constitute an alternative and complementary

source for the study of population dynamics and its characteristics. When they are aimed at the

household population, they constitute a very important source of demographic information,

without replacing the Vital Statistics System, they can complement it appropriately. Population
censuses are generally carried out in years ending in 0 or 5 on a ten-year basis. They are an

important instrument for carrying out an analysis of birth and mortality in the intercensal period.

Currently, in different countries of the Region where the civil registry does not achieve the desired

coverage of vital events for reasons of geographical, political or cultural inaccessibility,

population censuses become a critical source to know demographic dynamics. Likewise, there are

many precedents of countries with civil registry coverage problems where population surveys play

a fundamental role in estimating both birth rates and mortality, and addressing issues related to the

causes of death in specific population groups. Demographic and health surveys are carried out

with the purpose that the public and private sectors that make decisions and influence health and

population policies have updated information when designing and evaluating programs.

Recently, an interagency group has been established that estimates and makes adjustments

to the mortality information provided by the countries, based on specific criteria and

methodologies with the objective of guaranteeing the homogeneity and comparability of the

information.

Information on deaths from countries is usually compiled in electronic files that bring

together all registered deaths.

Birth Statistics:

A resource that allows us to reflect the relationship that exists between a quantity and the

frequency of a certain phenomenon is known as a rate. The birth rate is the proportional number

of births that take place in a community in a given period of time. The birth rate is data that is

easy to interpret, but it may be of little use when comparing countries with different demographic

realities. Nations can present large differences in the age of their population, which has a direct

impact on the birth rate.

Importance of birth control

A low birth rate is 15 per thousand and a very high birth rate is 25 per thousand. However,

in countries with a low level of economic development, this can reach 30 per thousand. For

decades, ways have been sought to reduce the birth rate in the world. However, while many

countries are jumping on the bandwagon and opting for measures to control population growth,

others continue bringing children and more children to the planet.

Unfortunately, in countries where more children are born, the possibilities of progress are

almost zero, so they end up having an excess population and fewer and fewer resources and

opportunities to ensure their well-being. Hundreds of people make speeches to promote castration

in dogs, however, they are the same ones who bring more children into this world, where

resources are becoming fewer and fewer and the birth rate does not seem to decrease even

slightly. Birth control should be a mandatory measure in all countries.

Morbidity Statistics:

Morbidity is the rate of sick people in a given place and time. The morbidity index or rate

is a useful statistical data to study the processes of evolution and control of diseases.

The World Health Organization defines it as “any subjective or objective deviation from a

state of well-being.”

Morbidity data may come from routine records kept by public health, medical and other

registries, as well as surveys. The index is obtained by dividing the number of patients in a town

or region by its total population, multiplied by 1000 or 100,000.

This data allows governments to establish appropriate policies to fulfill the right to health
enshrined in the different constitutions.

Types of morbidity rate or index

The morbidity rate makes it possible to describe the health status of a population, as well

as to study the appearance and evolution of different diseases and their possible cure. However,

this study is achieved through numerical data on the recurrence of diseases in different population

groups, at a given time and place.

There are two types of morbidity rates:

1) The prevalence rate studies the oldest and most recent cases of a pathological disease in a

given period or period.

2) The incidence rate refers to the development of the disease in a given time.

Resources and services statistics

Resource statistics are collected by an integration node to record details of the

performance and operation of resources used by integration servers. As a system administrator,

you can use resource statistics to ensure that systems use available resources as efficiently as

possible. The analysis of the data that has been returned may require the collaboration and

knowledge of a specialist for each type of resource.

If you enable statistics collection, you might experience a small degradation in the

operational performance of the integration node or nodes for which you are collecting data.

As in previous years, the General Directorate of Statistics and Information Technology of

the Ministry of Health, in charge of the integration and dissemination of sectoral statistics,

presents in nine tables the most relevant information on resources and services that have been
generated by the various institutions of the National Health System. Health during 1998.

The selected variables are presented by institution and by federal entity and the behavior

they had at the national level is also shown. The Planning and Programming activities carried out

within the National Health System aimed at satisfying the basic needs in this area, require

exhaustive knowledge of the installed capacity, the availability of human and material resources

and the geographical distribution of these.

Below is a screenshot of an example of tabulated tables on resource and service

information:

- Sector Statistical Information Bulletin, No. 14 Vol. Yo

- Executive Report of the National Health System 1994
- Resources and Services; Municipal Figures 1994
 --------------

. or, tnsnencan to .ua

——"—

Camnas health units

Federal entity Total Consultation Hospi- Census- No Consul- REMOVED Room Labor- Good
heavens
external such» bles finish him* thorium fans expulsion Thoriums X

EUM 14947 14068 879 74891 56 578 42 598 2487 5 502 1 524 2 305

Open population 11352 10954 418 33648 37543 21576 1084 4 769 849 996

Health Secretary 7 508 7256 252 23160 28 190 15962 757 4 597 697 778
Department of
federal District 143 112 31 2111 851 451 68 22 31 71
Mexican Institute
from Social Security Sol 3493 3434 59 1758 6868 3994 59 59 5959
State 103 29 74 6 619 1 634 1 003 199 90 61 87
National Indigenous Institute 105 103 2 N/A N/A 166 11 II

Entitled population 3 595 3134 461 41 243 19 035 21 022 1 403 733 675 139

Mexican Institute
of Social Security 1747 1 4X2 265 28 491 14 522 13 156 935 484 446 800
ile Security Institute
v Social Services
State Workers 1192 1 104 88 6 465 2 760 4 805 255 135 132 369
Mexican Petroleum 133 131 22 1 101 490139868 28 22 26
Secretariat of the
National defense 277 247 30 3 483 551 826 62 37 30 54
Marine Secretary 131 103 286022233073024 25 27
State 95 67 28 1 101 4X9 530 53 25 20 33

EUM= United Mexican States

Source National Health System. Bulletin Je Statistical Information No. 14 Vol. I Resources and Services 1994. Mexico. 1995

vonge------------- n---------- - m----- ozmrgmreh

TABLEIII
Prinecipaks human resources vor federal entity
United State of Mexicans, 1994

Paramedics
Federal entity Tanaldn Total General In Odon- In others Sick Others for Ouro
spice lists tBogos

EUM 469 629 97 034 31692 35707 24 023 5612 17 295 166614 30423 73752

Aguascaliennes 4 396 915 286 380 207 42 179 1555 291 704
Lower California 10 233 2 266 706 1 020 397 143 414 3624 768 1 151
Baja California Sw 3228 723 291 271 119 42 120 1 109 179 483
Campeche 3549 829 382 275 12» 44 SAW 1 196 HE 609
Coahuila 14 374 I My ■Wl 1 245 479 137 595 5 429 1 136 1993
Colima 3 147 756 220 W7 177 52 112 1 127 194 467
Chiapas 10518 2 598 1 212 793 Wl 202 263 3 624 517 1 498
Chihuahua IJ 176 2 356 1045 858 325 128 524 4 862 1 024 1 929
Federal District 121 650 21 881 5202 9 772 5 369 1 33» 4 745 43 183 7 423 19 243
Durango 6 980 i 560 628 $65 285 «2 247 2 727 396 892
Guanajuato 13 709 3 160 1 246 1 044 723 147 547 5062 955 1 592
Warrior 9 762 2 198 893 623 539 143 250 3 655 511 1 587
Gentleman 7 574 1 768 659 472 561 76 213 2 764 316 1 336
Jalimo 79471 6 198 1 *10 2317 1735 336 1 288 10 891 2 107 4036
Mexico 39293 7 797 2899 2 350 1 929 619 1479 11 95» 3071 6 626
Mtichoncan 11 Wl 2974 1083 848 902 l.'9 352 4 023 570 1 753
Morelos 6 294 1 418 «2 563 284 89 212 2 484 32» 863
Nayarit 4 437 930 257 302 327 44 198 1 669 243 <82
New Lion 23 017 4 273 1 MI 1 627 1 067 218 926 8 492 1 939 3 553
Oaxaca 9 852 2 472 906 672 670 134 236 3 423 464 4613
Pucbla 15626 3 439 1 018 1 013 1 225 183 564 5 886 996 2 330
"They would like" 5 235 1 260 385 391 420 64 193 1 97 388 560
Quintana Roo 3 258 699 298 351 95 55 128 1 159 188 466
San Luis Powsi 7 965 1 69» 509 521 581 8? 235 2 926 521 I 034
Sinaloa II 92* 2 386 788 «51 619 126 442 4 534 ■Wl 1 432
Sonora 12 556 2 557 75» 1 071 606 122 467 4 459 796 1 874
Tubasco 9 507 2 238 933 753 365 187 206 3 140 458 1 *95
I amuulipas 15 866 3 2310 1 116 1 368 571 145 512 5 493 9*5 2496
Tlaxcala 3 212 790 234 223 279 54 113 1 >58 196 429
Veracruz 25 591 6 024 2 122 2056 1 *56 290 991 8 575 1 604 3 989
Yucaan 8 395 1 763 Wl 632 539 91 339 2 926 475 1 116
Zacatec 4 239 1 071 189 27| »5» 58 124 1 560 187 631

EUM- Fundo» Unidos Mexicamos

Fuenwr National Health System Eualistics Information Bulletin No. 14 Vol I Recunos and Services 1994, Menico, 1995
 IV

Icanos, 1994

Doctors (in contact) Paramedics

Federal entity Total of Total Gene- Spice- In for- Odo- Pickled Sick Others for- Other
staff rales lysias motion tologists labors mere doctors person!

EUM 469 629 97 034 31 692 35 707 24 023 3612 17 295 166 644 30423 70752

Open population 179 243 42 318 11 556 12 114 16180 2468 3 667 63 678 4 145 31966

Secretary of Health Department of 130 475 30 036 8 238 8 264 11 539 1995 2 85? 46 421 2 570 24021

federal District 11012 2 447 617 1 138 521 171 311 3 291 2311
Mexican Social Security Institute-
Soll 16086 4 934 2085 331 2 361 137 245 6 419 380 1 926
State 21 418 4 723 501 2 361 1 759 102 258 7 485 1 184 3 708
National Indigenous Institute 252 178 115 63 62 II

Entitled population 290386 54 716 20 136 23 593 7 843 3 144 13 628 102 966 26278 38 786

Mexican Institute
of the Social Security Security 202 841 33618 13324 13 704 4 887 1703 12 533 72 217 22 606 25 688
Institute
and Social Services for State
Workers 57217 14 580 4 673 6 753 2 364 790 731 17 491 2 001 9339
Mexican oil 10974 2 360 997 1 234 129 150 2 694 466 3 223
Secretariat of the
National defense 9778 1 406 353 609 86 358 39 7661 672
Marine Secretary 2 553 661 209 285 108 59 42 831 179
Eszatal 7 023 2091 580 1 008 398 105 133 2 072 354 536

EUMa United Mexican States

Source: National Health System. Statistical Information Bulletin No. 14 Vol. 1 Resources and Services 1994, Mexico, 1995
 Conclusions

> It was verified that statistical planning allows organizing and prioritizing the statistics that
 the country requires for decision making.

> It was demonstrated that the mortality statistics aim to generate and disseminate

information about the phenomenon in the country.

> It was evident that censuses or surveys are an important instrument that allows analysis of

birth and mortality in the intercensal period.

> It was found that in countries where more children are born, the possibilities of progress

are almost zero and that there are increasingly fewer resources and opportunities to ensure

well-being.

> It was identified that the morbidity index or rate is a useful statistical data to study the

processes of evolution and control of diseases.

 References
[1]Statistical planning and articulation. Available at:
https://www.sen.gov.co/conozca-el-sen/instrumentos/planificacion-articulacion-estadistica .
[Consulted on 07/15/2021]

[2]Planning and Execution. Available in: http://www.fao.org/3/x2465s/x2465s0a.htm .

[Consulted on 07/15/2021]

[3]Basic guidelines for mortality analysis. Available at:

https://iris.paho.org/bitstream/handle/10665.2/34492/9789275319819-spa.pdf?sequence=7.
[Consulted on 07/15/2021]

[4]Mortality. Available at: https://www.inegi.org.mx/programas/mortality/ . [Consulted on

07/16/2021]

[5]Birth Rate. Available at: https://definicion.de/tasa-de-natalidad/ . [Consulted on 07/16/2021]

[6]Morbidity. Available at: https://www.significados.com/morbidity/ . [Consulted on 07/16/2021]

[7]Basic information about resources and services of the National Health System. Available at:
https://www.scielosp.org/article/spm/2000.v42n1/68-77/ . [Consulted on 07/16/2021]