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Teaching Metods and Approaches 5

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16 views11 pages

Teaching Metods and Approaches 5

Uploaded by

inspectmed05
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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APPROACH

• Approach: this term is relatively new compared


to the term method. An approach refers to the
principles and assumptions underlying the
process of language teaching and learning. It
describes the nature of the subject matter to be
taught. It is also considered a theory of applied
linguistics , which seeks to explain the
phenomenon of language learning in terms which
assist the learner achieve his goal.
METHOD
• Method : is the application of the principles
underlying a particular approach. A method consists of
the use of certain number of techniques in a systematic
way in order to achieve the aim of the language
teaching. A method consists of the lesson plan, the
syllabus , the textbook, other teaching materials and
the number of teaching periods. A method is
procedural in the sense that it shows accurately how a
language should be taught as it deals with the practical
side of foreign language instruction.
PROCEDURE
 Procedure : It is an ordered sequence of
techniques . It is a sequence which can be
described in terms of such as“ First, you do this .
Then you do that……………………………”
A procedure is smaller than a method and bigger
than a technique.
TECHNIQUE
 A technique refers to all the activities used by the
teacher and performed by the pupils in the
classroom. For example , audio visual aids such
as tape recorders , t.v. sets ,slides , video
recorders are techniques which are used to
achieve an immediate objective. Some techniques
are used with a variety of methods such as
imitation and repetition. Others,however are
specific to a given method
SUMMARY
 Many teachers use metaphors to separate out
these levels of abstraction. For example, the
trainer , David Valente turns to the art of cooking,
the approach is our belief in cooking, the method
is the recipe book, the procedure is the actions
such as mixing , chopping, marinating……etc.
and the technique is how to mix and chop for
example.
TEACHING METHODS AND APPROACHES
 There are five categories of approaches :
 1. Historical Approaches
 2. Solo Approaches
 3.Communicative Approaches
 4.Language Arts Approaches
 5.Academic and Professional Approaches
1-HISTORICAL APPROACHES
 .Audio-Lingual Method
 .Direct Method
 . Grammar-based Approaches
2-SOLO APPROACHES
 .Community Language Learning
 .Silent Way
 .Suggestopedia
3-COMMUNICATIVE APPROACHES
 .Communicative language Learning
 .Cooperative Language Learning
 .Experiential Language Teaching
 .Notional-Functional Approach
 Total Physical Response (TPR)
4-LANGUAGE ARTS APPROACHES
 .Language Experience Approach
 .Literature –based Approach
 .Natural Approach
 Whole Language Approach
5-ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL APPROACHES

 .Cognitive Academic Language Learning Appr.


 .Content-based Second Language instruction
 English for Academic Purposes
 .English for Specific Purposes
 .Lexical Approach
 .Competency-based Approach
 .Critical Pedagogy
 .Learner-centered Approach /Family Literacy
Vocational English as a Second Language

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