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CHEM 102 Tutorial 5 Solutions

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17 views2 pages

CHEM 102 Tutorial 5 Solutions

Uploaded by

Matty Montsho
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHEM 102 (Physical Chemistry part) TUTORIAL 5 (Week: April 29 – May 03, 2024)

Solutions

1. We need to know the mole fraction of sucrose to determine the vapor


pressure lowering. However, to find the mole fraction of sucrose we should
find the amounts (moles) of both sucrose and water.
Mole of sucrose = 20.2 g x 1 mol sucrose/342.30 g sucrose = 0.059 mol
Mole of H2O = 70.1 x 1 mol H2O/18.02 g H2O = 3.89 mol

Therefore, Xsucrose = 0.01494

From Raoult’s law, the vapor pressure (P) and the vapor pressure lowering
(ΔP) are
P = PoH2OXH2O = PoH2O (1-Xsucrose) = 42.2 mmHg (1-0.01494) = 41.6 mmHg
ΔP =XsucrosePoH2O = 0.01494 x 42.2 mmHg = 0.631 mmHg
2. First find the molality of glycerol,

Mol of glycerol = 0.150 g glycerol x = 0.001628 glycerol

Molality = = 0.0814 molal

Use the Kb = 0.512oC/m and Kf = 1.858oC/m into equations for ΔTb and ΔTf
Thus, ΔTb = Kbm = 0.512oC/m x 0.0814 m = 0.0417oC
Tb = 100.000 + 0.042 = 100.042oC
ΔTf = Kfm = 1.858oC/m x 0.0814 m = 0.151oC
Tf = 0.000 – 0.151 = -0.151oC
3. (a) Mole fraction of isopropanol is moles of isopropanol per total moles.

Thus, Xisopropanol = 0.27

(b) The mass percent is the mass of isopropanol per 100 g of solution. Find
the masses from the moles and then the percent:

Mass isopropanol = 0.30 mol isopropanol ( = 18.027 g

Mass water = 0.80 mol water ( = 14.416 g

Percent isopropanol = = 55.5651 = 56%

1
(c) Molality is given as

Molality of isopropanol = = 20.81 = 21 m

4. From ΔTf calculate the m,


ΔTf = 0.000oC – (-0.086oC) = 0.085oC

m= = = 0.0457 m

Using the definition of molality, we can fin the amount

Mol of urea = m x Kg H2O = x 0.1000 kg H2O = 0.00457 mol

Mass of urea = 0.00457 mol x = 0.27 g

5. Reverse the first equation. Then multiply the second and third equation by 2.
Finally add the equations. Don’t forget to change the sign for ΔH while
reversing the equation
2CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) → CH3COOH(l) + 2O2(g) ΔH = +874 kJ
2C + 2O2(g) → 2CO2(g) ΔH = (-394 kJ) x 2 = -788 kJ
2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l) ΔH = (-286 kJ) x 2 = -572 kJ
2C + 2H2(g) + O2(g) → CH3COOH(l) ΔH = -486 kJ

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