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Atomic Structure-53-54

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ATOMIC STRUCTURE-53-54

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1 6.

625  10 34  3  10 8
 × 1.67 × 10 –27 × v 2 =
2 121.6  10 9

 v = 4.43 × 10 4 m/sec
Ex 7. Find the energy in kJ per mole of electronic charge accelerated by a potential of 2 volt.
Sol. Energy in joules = charge in coulombs × potential difference in volt
= 1.6 × 10 –19 × 6.02 × 10 23 × 2 = 19.264 × 10 4 J or 192.264 kJ
Ex 8. Which hydrogen like ionic species has wavelength difference between the first line of Balmer and first line
of Lyman series equal to 59.3 × 10 –9 m ? Neglect the reduced mass effect.
Sol. Wave number of first Balmer line of an species with atomic number Z is given by

1 1  2
v '  RZ 2  2  2  = 5RZ
2 3  36

Similarly wave number of v of first Lyman line is given by

2
1 1  3 2 1 1
v = RZ 12  2 2  = 4 RZ ; v   and v '   '
 

36 4 1  36 4  88
 ' –  = 2
 2
= 2 
 = 2
5RZ 3RZ RZ  5 3  15RZ

88
 Z2 = = 9 or Z = 3
59.3  10 9  15  1.097  10 7

 Ionic species is Li 2+
Ex 9. (i) What is highest frequency photon that can be emitted from hydrogen atom ? What is wavelength
of this photon ?
(ii) Find the longest wavelength transition in the Paschen series of Be 3+ .
(iii) Find the ratio of the wavelength of first and the ultimate line of Balmer series of He + ?
Sol. (i) Highest frequency photon is emitted when electron comes from infinity to 1 st energy level.

13.6Z 2
E =   13.6 eV
12

or, 13.6 × 1.6 × 10 –19 Joule = 2.176 × 10 –18 Joule


E = h

E 2.176  10 18 J
  = = = 0.328 × 10 16 Hz
h 6.626  10 34 Js

c 3  10 8
 =   = = 9.146 × 10 –8 m
 0.328  10 16

1 1 
(ii)   R H  Z2  2  2 
 n1 n 2 

For He ; Z = 4 ; For Paschen series n 1 = 3


For longest wavelength n 2 = 4
1 1 1  1 1  7
= 109678 × (4) 2 ×  2  2  = 109678 × 16 ×    = 109678 × 16 × 144
  3 4   9 16 

 = 1172.20 Å
(iii) Wave number of first line of Balmer,

1 1  5  4R 5R
1  RZ 2  2  2  = 
2 3  36 9
9
 Wavelength of first line of Balmer =
5R

2  1 1  4R
Wave number of ultimate line of Balmer, 2  RZ  2   = =R
 2   4

1
 Wavelength of ultimate line of Balmer =
R
9
 Ratio =
5
Ex 10. An electron beam can undergo difraction by crystals. Through what potential should a beam of electrons
be accelerated so that its wavelength becomes equal to 1.0 Å.
Sol. For an electron
1
mv 2  eV where V is accelerating potential
2
h
 =
mv
2
1  h 
 m  eV
2  m  


1
V = 
h2
=

1  6.625  10 34  = 150.40 volt
2 m  2 e 2  9.108  10 31  (1.0  10 10 ) 2  1.602  10 1 9

Ex 11. The angular momentum of an electron in a Bohr's orbit of H-atom is 4.2178 × 10–34 kgm 2/sec. Calculate
the wavelength of the spectral line emitted when electrons falls from this level to next lower level.
nh
Sol. mvr =
2
nh
= 4.2178 × 10 –34
2

4.2178  10 34  2  3.14


n = = 4
6.625  10 34

1 1 1 
R 2  2
 n
 1 n 2 

The wavelength for transition from n = 4 to n = 3

1 1 1 
 109678  2  2 
 3 4 

 = 1.8 × 10 –4 cm.

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