Health service

management
Chapter one
Dr-Hamze ALI ABDILLAHI
infectious disease consultants
 Definitions of management and health
1. Ralph C. Davis has defined Management as, "Management is the function of
performs leadership anywhere.
2. Peter F. Drucker defines, "management is an organ; organs can be described and
defined only through their functions".
3. According to Terry, "Management is not people; it is an activity.
4. According to Terry, "Management is not people; it is an activity.
5. Henry Fayol, " management is to forecast and plan, to organize, to, to co-ordinate
and to control."
 Definitions of management and health
1. William Spriegal, Management is essentially an executive function; it deals
with difference directions of the human effort.
2. Ordway Tead, "Management is the process and agency which directs and
guides the operations of an organization in the realizing of established
aims.“
3. Management is a creative problem solving.
 Health service Administration
1. HSM-Sound administration is essential for the success of any public health program
whether on the national, intermediate or the local level.
2. HSM- is a branch of management, and concerning or relating medical health care
leadership or health care system management, and also it is essential for the success any
public health programs whether on the national and local level.
3. HSM- Is the field relating to leadership, management, and administration of hospital,
hospital networks and health care system management.
4. Health is state of complete social wellbeing, mental wellbeing, and physical wellbeing.
5. Service- is a system supplying a public need such as health, transport,power,water, and
education.
 Healthcare Administration: also known as

• 1. Health Management
• 2. Healthcare Management
• 3. Health Systems Management
• 4. Health Care Systems Management
• 5. Medical and Health Services Management
• 6. Health management and policy
 Healthcare Administration: also known as

• 7. Global health policy and research

• 8. Medical leadership and management
• 9. International global health and research policy
• 10. Health care management and research
 Characteristics
• Management is a distinct process.
• 2. Management is an organized activity
• 3. Management aims at the accomplishment of predetermined objectives.
• 4. Management is both a science and an art.
• 5. Management is a group activity.
 Management and Other Disciplines

• 1. Anthropology
• 2. Economics
• 3. Philosophy
• 4. Psychology
• 5. psychiatry
• 6. Sociology
• 7. Engineering
• 8. Political Science
• 9. Medicine
 Management and Other Disciplines

• 10. Health care systems

• 11. Industrial systems
• 12. Finance
• 13. Low and regulations
• 14. Human resource management
• 15. Culture and civilizations
• 16. religious
• 17. peace and conflicts
 Specific Management Skills

• 1. Handling conflicts
• 2. Motivating employees
• 3. Solving problems
• 4. Handling information
• 5. Growing and developing
• 6. Controlling the environment
• 7. Organizing and coordinating
 Public health
• The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting
health through organized community effort.
• Public health is a science and art of saving the lives of whole nation by single
decision or intervention.
• Public health improving health of populations and making people heathy
and saving lives.
 Public health approach
• Public health model
• 1. Population
• 2. Disease prevention
• 3. Health education
• 4. Control and treatment infection disease
• 5. Diagnosis and treatment
• 6. Health promotion
 Clinical approach
• Clinical model
• 1. Individual
• 2. Diagnosis
• 3. Treatment
• 4. surgery
 Health service management approach
• 1. planning
• 2. organizing
• 3. leading
• 4. controlling
• 5. supervision
• 6 . Implementing and target all health systems
 Core of public health activities
• epidemiological diagnosis
• 2. protect environmental hazards
• 3. preventing injuries
• 4. promoting health systems
• 5. monitoring the health status of the population
• 6. researching and problem –solving
• 7. health planning
• 8. medical diagnosis and treatment
 great Public health achievements

• 1. vaccination
• 2. control infection disease
• 3. healthier mothers and babies
 Public health programs and disease

• 1. communicable disease
• 2. non communicable disease
• 3. maternal child health problems
• 4. malnutrition
• 5. geriatric health problems
• 6. population
 Public health disease

• 1. measles
• 2. influenza
• 3. poliomyelitis
• 4. tuberculosis
• 5. cholera
• 6. dengue
 Public health disease

• 7. malaria
• 8. hiv/aids
• 9. obesity
• 10. cancer
• 11. diabetes
 Key Functions of Management
• Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling
the efforts of organization members and of using all other organizational
resources to achieve stated organizational goals”.
 Planning: Health system
• Look ahead and chart out future course of operation and Implementing the
selected plan
• Formulation of Objectives, Policies, Procedure, Rules, Programmes and
Budgets.
• Analyzing and predicting the consequences. And Selecting the best course of
action.
 Organizing
• Bringing people together and tying them together in the seeking of common
objectives.
• Organizing as a
• process involves:
1. Identification of activities.
2. Classification of grouping of activities.
3. Assignment of duties.
The organizational process is classified into:

1. Structural organization
2. Functional organization
• Arranging and structuring work to accomplish
organizational goals.
 Organizing
1. Create Delegation of authority and creation of responsibility.
2. Coordinating authority and responsibility relationships.
3. Departmentation and also Centralization and de-centralization
4. Organization is any collection of persons, materials, procedures, ideas or
facts arranged and ordered that the combination of parts makes a
meaningful whole that works towards achieving organizational objectives.”
 Directing

Act of guiding, overseeing and leading people.(Leading (Directing):Directing the work

activities of others.
• Motivation, leadership, decision making.
• Direction has following elements:
1. Supervision
2. Motivation
3. Leadership
4. Communication
 Directing

• Supervision- implies overseeing the work of subordinates by their superiors.

It is the act of watching & directing work & workers.
 leading
and directing
leading
• providing direction and vision
 Directing

1. Motivation- means inspiring, stimulating or encouraging the sub-ordinates

with zeal to work.
2. Leadership- may be defined as a process by which manager guides and
influences the work of subordinates in desired direction.
3. Communications- is the process of passing information, experience,
opinion etc from one person to another. It is a bridge of understanding.
 Controlling:

1. Monitoring, comparing, and correcting work performance.

2. Establishment of standard performance.
3. Corrective action.
 Staffing
1. It is the function of manning the organization structure and keeping it
manned.
2. The main purpose of staffing is to put right man on right job.
3. Staffing involves: Manpower Planning (estimating man power in terms of
searching, choose the person and giving the right place).
4. Recruitment, Selection & Placement. Training & Development. Promotions
& Transfer.
 Staffing
• through the following steps:
1. Identifying the type and number of personnel
2. Recruitment
3. Selection and appointment
• Orientation
1. Job analysis
2. Job description
3. Job specification
 Supervision
• Supervision refers to the day-to-day relationship between an executive and
his immediate subordinates.
• Supervision aims at satisfying both:
1. Work
2. Workers
3. Job security
4. Organizational policy
 Evaluation
• “systemic collection of information about the activities, characteristics and
outcomes of programs, personnel, and products.
 Management can be defined in detail in
following categories :

• 1. Management as a Process of knowledge

• 2. Management as an Activity of things
• 3. Management as a Discipline and ethics
• 4. Management as a Group of people and activities
• 5. Management as a Science
• 6. Management as an Art
• 7. Management as a Profession
MANGEMENT IS AN ART AND SCIENCE

Art
1. Practical Knowledge: It is very important to know practical application of
theoretical principles.
2. Personal Skills.
3. Goal-Oriented: Every art is result oriented as it seeks to achieve concrete results.
4. Creativity: aims at producing
5. something that has never existed before which requires combination of
intelligence & imagination.
MANGEMENT IS AN ART AND SCIENCE

Science
1. Cause and effect relationship.
2. Universally acceptance principles of knowledge.
3. Management is both an art and a science.
4. Experimentation & Observation /scientific investigation & researching
 WHAT A MANAGER DOES?

• ROLES OF A MANAGER
• Plan, Analyze, Interpret, Collaborate, educate, Problem solver,
Communicator, build team, Change agent.
OUTPUTS OF MANAGEMENTS
1. Products, Services, Satisfaction,
2. Goal integration, Profits, etc.
 Bibliography
1. LECTURE-NOTES-HSM For Health Extension Trainees in
Ethiopia.150page
2. Health Planning and Management lecture note at sakarya university
turkey.12-228page
3. Stephen M. Shortell, Arnold D. Kaluzny, Essentials of Health Care
Management, 1997, USA.14-87page
4. Charles Collins, Management and Organization of Developing Health
Systems, 1994, USA. 49 page.
 End
• Thank you