Arduino Controlled Single Phase Inverter

Dr.T. Bhargava ramu(Project guide)

Manikonda Venkata Phaneendra Kundaram Kunal
Associate Professor Bharadwaj
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Electrical and Electronics Engineering Electrical and Electronics Engineering Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of
Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of Technology
Technology Technology
Hyderabad,India.
Hyderabad,India. Hyderabad,India. [email protected]
[email protected]
Seetha Sai Bhargav
Electrical and Electronics Engineering Gunnala Sampath Kumar
Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Technology Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of
Hyderabad,India. Technology
[email protected] Hyderabad,India.
[email protected]
Abstract PWM techniques are the same for both single-phase and
three-phase inverters. Except for three-phase ones, the
The power electronics device which converts DC power to modulation has to be done simultaneously for each phase
AC power at required output voltage and frequency level is with various angular displacements like 120 degrees, 150
known as inverter. Inverters can be broadly classified into degrees, or 180 degrees, etc. depending on the required
single level inverter and multilevel inverter. Multilevel electrical efficiency [2]
inverter as compared to single level inverters have
advantages like minimum harmonic distortion and can
operate on several voltage levels. Inverters are used for The Power MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field
many applications, as in situations where low voltage DC Effect Transistor) is built on the original field-effect
sources such as batteries, solar panels or fuel cells must be transistor introduced in the 1970s. The invention and
converted so that devices can run off of AC power. One development of the power MOSFET were partly
example of such a situation would be converting electrical compelled by the limitations of BJTs (Bipolar Power
power from a car battery to run a laptop, TV or cell phone. Junction Transistors), which previously was the preferred
This report focuses on design and simulation of single device in most power electronics applications. Power
phase, three phase and pulse width modulated inverter and MOSFETs are the most widely used power devices
use of pulse width modulated inverter in the speed control of Because of their fast switching speed, low gate-drive power,
Induction motor. DC to AC control change is a key job in and superior paralleling capability [3]
the cutting edge set up of age, transmission, appropriation,
and use. DC to AC control converters assume key job
invariable recurrence drives, uninterruptible power supplies,
cooling, and high-voltage DC control transmission, electric II. MATERIALS & METHODS
vehicle drives, and static VAR compensators. This paper
exhibits a survey on most significant topologies and
strategies of control of inverters. ARDUINO UNO
The open-source Arduino platform can be used to
create interactive devices that can be controlled by a wide
I. INTRODUCTION range of motors, lights, and other physical outputs. Arduino
projects have two communication options: they can operate
An inverter is a power electronics device that converts direct independently or they can talk to computer software. The
current to alternating current with the required output open-source IDE can be downloaded for free; the boards can
voltage and frequency. Inverters can be broadly classified be manually put together or bought already put together.
into single-level inverters and multi-level inverters. The Wiring physical computing platform, which is built on
Compared to single-level inverters, multi-level inverters the Processing multimedia programming environment, is
have advantages such as minimal harmonic distortion and comparable to the Processing environment in which the
the ability to operate at multiple voltage levels. Inverters are Arduino programming language is implemented.
used in many applications where low voltage DC power
sources such as batteries, solar panels and fuel cells need to
be converted to AC powered power devices. For an example
a situation is converting electrical energy from a car battery
to power a laptop, television, or mobile phone. This report
focuses on the design and simulation of single-phase, three-
phase, pulse-width modulated inverters and their use in
speed control of induction motors. Switching from DC
control to AC control is an important task in modern design
of the times, transmission, diversion and use. DC/AC
control converters play an important role in constant
repetitive drives, uninterruptible power supplies,
refrigeration and high voltage DC control transmission,
electric vehicle drives, and static VAR compensators. This
article provides an overview of the main inverter topologies
and control strategies. PROTEUS

A simulation and design tool used in labs for electrical

In an Inverter, the PWM is usually done using power and electronic circuit design is called Proteus. The best
semiconductor switches e.g. IGBTs, MOSFETs, and microcontroller simulation software is called Proteus.
BJTs; and there are several methods for doing it to get the Because practically all microcontrollers are included, it is
output AC signal closely similar to a sine wave. An inverter primarily common software. As a result, it is a useful tool
controls only the frequency of the output whereas the input for testing programmes and embedded designs for electronic
voltage controls the magnitude of the output [1]. hobbyists who want to see programming in Proteus
Software.
 MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET
MOSFETs

Due to ohm's law, MOSFETs dissipate less heat since they

have lower internal resistance. Despite the fact that the
transformer and battery can produce enough power, the
output power of BJTs will be reduced if the base terminal is
improperly biased.

INCLUDEPICTURE
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/ IC L293D
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET
INCLUDEPICTURE A well-liked 16-Pin motor driver IC is the L293D. It is
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/ primarily utilised to drive motors, as the name would imply.
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET Two DC motors can be driven simultaneously by a single
INCLUDEPICTURE L293D IC, and each motor's direction can be regulated
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/ separately. Therefore, this IC will be the best option if there
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET are motors that need to be controlled by digital circuits like
Op-Amp, 555 timers, digital gates, or even Microcontrollers
INCLUDEPICTURE
like Arduino, PIC, ARM, etc. that operate at less than 36V
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/
and 600mA of current.
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET
INCLUDEPICTURE
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/ III. ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT / HARDWARE DESIGN
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET
Step Up Transformers
INCLUDEPICTURE
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/ The low voltage (LV) and high current from the primary side
of the transformer are converted to the high voltage (HV)
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET and low current value on the secondary side of the
INCLUDEPICTURE transformer by a step-up transformer. Known as a step down
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/ transformer, this is how it works in reverse.
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET
INCLUDEPICTURE
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET
INCLUDEPICTURE
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET
INCLUDEPICTURE
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET
INCLUDEPICTURE Converter
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/
Electronic converters in use today employ switching
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET methods. By briefly storing the input energy and releasing it
INCLUDEPICTURE to the output at a different voltage, switched-mode DC-to-
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/ DC converters change one DC voltage level to another that
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET may be greater or lower.
INCLUDEPICTURE
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/
MOSFET-1.png" \* MERGEFORMATINET
INCLUDEPICTURE
"https://www.elprocus.com/wp-content/uploads/
 V. Working
The Arduino, which produces 50Hz square waves with a
50% duty cycle, serves as the circuit's brain. The buffers for
MOSFET IRF540N are the two BC548 devices. The
Arduino pins only provide 5V, while the IRF540N or the
majority of MOSFETs require 10V to completely switch on.
The two BC548 take the low voltage (5V Signal) from the
Arduino and deliver 12V at the "gate" port, which is enough
to turn the MOSFETs fully ON. The output voltage and
current will be impacted if the MOSFET is not fully ON
since there will be resistance between the Source and Drain
Terminals. In order to provide stable 50Hz 230V AC at the
output, the Arduino oscillates each MOSFET while
alternatively energising the secondary side winding.

IV. ARDUINO PROGRAMMING

const int SpwmArry[ ] = VI. Simulation Circuit Diagram

{500,500,750,500,1250,500,2000,500,1250,500,750,500,500}; // Array of
SPWM values.
const int SpwmArryValues = 13; //Put length of an Array depends on
SpwmArray numbers.
const int sPWMpin1 = 10;
const int sPWMpin2 = 9;
bool sPWMpin1Status = true;
bool sPWMpin2Status = true;

void setup()
{
pinMode(sPWMpin1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(sPWMpin2, OUTPUT);
}

void loop()
{
for(int i(0); i != SpwmArryValues; i++)
{
if(sPWMpin1Status)
{
digitalWrite(sPWMpin1, HIGH); VII. Result & Output
delayMicroseconds(SpwamArry[i]);
sPWMpin1Status = false;
}
else 1.
{
digitalWrite(sPWMpin1, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(SpwmArry[i]);
sPWMpin1Status = true;
}
}

for(int i(0); i != SpwmArryValues; i++)

{
if(sPWMpin2Status)
{
digitalWrite(sPWMpin2, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(SpwmArry[i]);
sPWMpin2Status = false;
}
else 2.
{
digitalWrite(sPWMpin2, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(SpwmArry[i]);
sPWMpin2Status = true;
}
}
}
 application,” Int. Journal of Innovative Research in
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