Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION 1
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE 1 PANGASINAN
SUAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
POLACION, SUAL, PANGASINAN

Clean Waters: Remote-Controlled Aqua Boat in Sual, Pangasinan

A Research Paper Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School of Sual National

High School

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject Research Capstone

Agustin, Sophia Lauren B.

Agnes, Maria Angeline T.
Aceret, Javan Joshua M.
Catolico, Cheryl Mae E.
Clemente, Stephanie Q.
Regatcho, Jhasmane R.
Limos, Kurt Ashton D.
Estrada, Trisha Nae C.
Caburao, Claudine B.
Labarejos, Ashley D.
Repollo, Jomarck C.
Macatiag, Harry S.
Aqui, Katrinah F.

March 2024

i
Abstract

This project study focuses on developing a remote-controlled aqua boat in Sual,

Pangasinan. The aqua boat can collect garbage in bodies of water, including fish
ponds and lakes. It addresses the challenges faced by the BKD, YES-O, and SSLG in
Sual, Pangasinan, in their current process of collecting wastewater and equipment.
The study utilized an exploratory sequential research design, involving 15
respondents selected through purposive sampling. The methodology employed in this
project study is the prototyping methodology, specifically the Waterfall Model, with
tools for data analysis such as weighted mean and focus group discussion. The
findings indicate that the BKD, YES-O, and SSLG in Sual, Pangasinan, employ
manual methods for wastewater collection, facing issues such as limited access to
treatment facilities, financial constraints, low community engagement, and outdated
equipment. Moreover, there is strong agreement regarding non-functional
requirements in the prototype. The project study recommends implementing the Aqua
Boat prototype to improve clean-up efforts, seeking support from the LGU for
wastewater management, and enhancing the prototype's hardware, proponents, and
aesthetics for better functionality and design appeal.
Keywords: Remote Controlled, Aqua Boat, Wastewater, Prototyping, Collection

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to express sincere gratitude and appreciation to all

those who have contributed to the successful completion of this research. First and

foremost, praises to God, the Almighty, for His gift of wisdom, guidance and

understanding, and for answering the Researchers’ prayers in times of need. His

support guided us through the tough times. The researchers are forever thankful for

giving us the chances to learn, grow, and succeed in this journey.

The researchers would like to express deep and sincere gratitude to Dr. Amparo

P. Ramos, Principal I of Sual National High School, for her support and for giving the

opportunity to conduct this research project. The researchers are grateful for this

opportunity.

The researchers are deeply grateful to Ms. Lourenze M. Hidalgo, our Capstone

research adviser, for her guidance and continuous support, as well as her patience and

immense knowledge. We appreciate how she made our research exciting and how she

helped us grow. Her motivation and reminders to prioritize the mental health of the

students were invaluable. Thank you for your guidance, encouragement, and the

knowledge that you've shared to us.

The researchers are grateful to Ms. Mariela A. Ybañez, the advisory class and

Inquiries, Investigations and Immersions (III) teacher of 12 STEM C, for her constant

support, guidance, and encouragement throughout the research process. Your

encouragement to stay positive in the midst of hardships, together with your persistent

trust in our skills, helped heavily to the project's success. The researchers sincerely

appreciate your dedication and commitment to our academic growth and

improvement.

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 To Mr. Grundig B. Festiken, our General Physics adviser. Your advice,

knowledge, and assistance have been helpful in the making of our prototype project.

Your comments and encouragement got us forward, creating both academic and

personal growth. The researchers are deeply appreciative for your dedication to our

success and for improving how we learn with your knowledge and guidance.

The research participants who gave all that was needed for the research project.

The researchers' friends and classmates for their moral support, sharing of ideas, and

motivation during the long days and sleepless nights committed to this research; and,

lastly and most importantly, the researchers' parents and guardians for providing not

only financial but also emotional support and understanding. Your support has meant

a lot to us.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
TITLE PAGE.................................................................................................... i
ABSTRACT..................................................................................................... ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT............................................................................... iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................. v
LIST OF FIGURES.......................................................................................... vi
LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................ vii
Chapter
1 PROJECT OVERVIEW........................................................... 1
Background of the Study............................................................ 1
Conceptual Framework.............................................................. 3
Statement of the Objectives........................................................ 5
Importance of the Study............................................................. 5
Scope and Limitations................................................................ 6
Definition of Terms.................................................................... 7
2 METHODOLOGY.................................................................... 9
Research Design......................................................................... 9
Data Gathering Techniques........................................................ 12
Respondents of the Study........................................................... 13
Statistical Treatment................................................................... 14
Prototype Components............................................................... 15
3 RESULTS AND FINDINGS..................................................... 16
4 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 23
Summary.................................................................................... 23
Conclusions................................................................................ 24
Recommendations...................................................................... 25
REFERENCES............................................................................................... 26
APPENDICES................................................................................................ 29
A Interview Guide........................................................................... 29
B Acceptability Test Questionnaires............................................... 29
C Prototype Components................................................................ 31
CURRICULUM VITAE................................................................................ 33

v
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Title Page

1 Conceptual Framework of Aqua Boat.............................................. 4
2 Waterfall Model................................................................................ 10

vi
 LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page

1 Prototype Components........................................................................ 12
2 Table of Respondents.......................................................................... 14
3 Average Weighted Mean and Interpretation on Acceptability Testing 19
4 Prototype Evaluation According to Usability..................................... 19
5 Prototype Evaluation According to Reliability................................... 20
6 Prototype Evaluation According to Functionality.............................. 20
7 Prototype Evaluation According to Durability................................... 21
8 Summary of Non-Functional Requirements....................................... 21

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 Project Overview | 1
Chapter 1

PROJECT OVERVIEW

Background of the Study

Technology is evolving at an exponential rate, reshaping how people live, work,

and interact with the world around them. From advancements in artificial intelligence

to the widespread adoption of smart devices, the pace of technological change shows

no signs of slowing down. Every day, new innovations emerge, pushing the

boundaries of what was once thought possible. This rapid evolution brings both

enthusiam and challenges, as society grapples with the ethical implications and

potential consequences of these breakthroughs. Yet, it also holds the promise of

improving lives, driving efficiency, and unlocking new opportunities for human

creativity and ingenuity (Lamey, 2023).

Technology equipment for cleaning waste on water is evolving rapidly, with

autonomous drones emerging as a promising solution to efficiently and effectively

address pollution in waterways. RanMarine from United Kingdom, for instance, has

developed the world’s first autonomous marine robot, utilizing drone technology. This

innovative robot can collect up to 500 kg of plastic waste and destructive biomass

each day, aiding in the effective cleaning and monitoring of waters.

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies by harmful substances or

pollutants, originating from sources like industrial waste, agricultural runoff, sewage

discharge, and littering. This contamination adversely affects aquatic ecosystems and

can pose risks to human health. Currently, 44% of all wastewater on Earth returns to

the environment untreated, exacerbating the problem by further degrading water

quality. This untreated wastewater contributes to the spread of diseases, harms aquatic
 Project Overview | 2
life, and compromises access to clean water for human consumption and other vital

needs (Filipenco, 2024).

A remote-controlled aqua boat is now being recognized as one of the newest

technologies in cleaning wastewater. Remote-controlled boats are operated via a

radio communication system connecting the model boat to a handheld transmitter held

by the user. This setup enables the user to control the boat from a distance as though

they were physically onboard (Bezgar, 2023).

A prototype of a remotely controlled boat proposed by Dsouza et al. (2021), aims

to equipped monitor real-time water characteristics in large bodies like lakes or rivers,

with a focus on addressing waste water pollution. It offers vital data for environmental

management, aiding in the mitigation of water contamination and preservation of

aquatic ecosystems.

According to the study by Chung et al. (2020) from Dela Salle University, a

remote-controlled aerial-aquatic robot for surveillance operations was developed. This

innovative quadrotor unit, housed in a waterproof case, marked the first-ever

integration of aerial and aquatic maneuverability, ensuring both stability and

durability in challenging environments.

This study will adhere to the the Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 (Republic

Act No. 9275) that aims to protect the country’s water bodies from pollution from

land-based sources (industries and commercial establishments, agriculture and

community/household activities).

This study aimed to develop an innovative solution for addressing water

pollution by repurposing old and unused remote-controlled toys to create an

accessible remote-controlled Aqua Boat cleaning device. The development of a

 Project Overview | 3
remote-controlled Aqua Boat cleaning device not only helps the environment by

addressing water pollution but also benefits the residents in Sual Pangasinan by

providing a practical solution in addressing the issue.

Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework of the proposed prototype can be conceptualized

through the IPO (Input-Process-Output) model. Researchers will employ the IPO to

present the framework of the study. Similarly, the IPO model demonstrates a causal

structure.

Figure 1 illustrates the general flow and structure of this study's path. Based on

the figure, the study's inputs include the materials used in the construction and

operation of the Remote-Controlled Aqua Boat, such as dynamo motors, propellers,

RC receiver and transmitter, 4.8-volt battery, remote-controlled toy, styro, and nylon,

and lastly, the Review of Related Literature. The process consists of concept, design,

development, and testing of the Remote-Controlled Aqua Boat. The output is the

finalized prototype that collects garbage in bodies of water, such as lakes and fish

ponds, referred to as Clean Waters: Remote-Controlled Aqua Boat in Sual,

Pangasinan. Feedback provides data that serves as a guide for making changes in the

input process to determine the usability value of the project.

Project Overview | 4
Statement of the Objectives

This study aims to design and develop a remote-controlled Aqua Boat for

cleaning waste in bodies of water such as lakes and fish ponds. Specifically, the

objectives are as follows:

1. Identify the existing procedures of BKD, SSLG, and YES-O in Sual,

Pangasinan in terms of:

a. Collecting wastewater

b. Equipment

2. Identify the problems encountered by the BKD, SSLG, AND YES-O in terms

of:

a. Cleaning wastewater

b. Equipment

3. Determine the acceptability test for the prototype.

Importance of the Study

The prototype "Remote-controlled Aqua Boat" will help address water pollution

in Sual, Pangasinan. By repurposing unused remote-controlled toys, it not only

addresses pollution but also promotes recycling. The project aims to demonstrate how

innovative project can contribute to environmental conservation efforts. This research

holds significance by offering a practical, cost-effective approach to addressing water

pollution while encouraging sustainability through toy recycling.

The output of this study can be beneficial to:

Residents in Sual Pangasinan. This project study will benefit residents in Sual

Pangasinan by providing cleaner waters for their use and enjoyment.

 Project Overview | 6
Fishermen. This project study will benefit fishermen by potentially improving

fishing conditions and preserving aquatic habitats.

Environment. This project study will benefit the environment by helping to

reduce pollution and promote ecosystem health in the waters of Sual Pangasinan.

School organizations. This project study will benefit school organizations by

offering educational opportunities to learn about environmental conservation and

technology.

Environmental organizations. This project study will benefit environmental

organizations by providing data and insights into the effectiveness of remote-

controlled aqua boats in water quality management.

Government. This project study will benefit the government by potentially

offering a cost-effective solution for water management and pollution control in Sual

Pangasinan.

Researchers. This project study will benefit researchers by contributing to the

body of knowledge on remote-controlled aqua boat technology and its applications in

environmental science.

Future Researcher. This project study will benefit future researchers by laying

the groundwork for further investigation into the effectiveness and potential

enhancements of remote-controlled aqua boats in water quality management.

Scope and Limitations

The study is being conducted in Sual, Pangasinan, during the school year 2023-

2024. The design "Clean Waters: Remote-Controlled Aqua Boat in Sual, Pangasinan"

is proposed to collect garbage from bodies of water, specifically in lakes and fish
 Project Overview | 7
ponds. The remote-controlled Aqua Boat has limitations; it can't run properly on

bodies of water with rough waves. The remote-controlled Aqua Boat can only collect

water impurities like plastics, trashes, and water debris which are floating on lakes

and pond surfaces. The distance that the remote-controlled Aqua Boat can cover is

140 feet with no interference.

This study consists of fifteen respondents from BKD, YES-O, AND SSLG, who

were selected using Purposive sampling. The main instrument for gathering data is

research-made questionnaires to gather more data about the performance of the

project.

Definition of Terms

To fully understand the concept of this paper, researchers have presented the

definition of terms used in this study.

Dynamo. A dynamo is a device used for remote-controlled aqua boat for

converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. In a dynamo, the mechanical

energy of rotation is converted into electrical energy in the form of a current in the

armature (Collins Dictionary).

Propeller. Rotary devices with twisted blades generating thrust to propel objects

through water. A propeller is a rounded blade that rotates in a circle, helping to move a

vehicle by pushing against water. A speed boat's propeller moves it forward by

spinning against the water (Vocabulary List Dictionary).

Remote-Controlled (RC). Miniature devices that operated wirelessly from a

distance using a handheld transmitter. Remote control is a system of controlling a

 Project Overview | 8
machine or a vehicle from a distance by using radio or electronic signals (Collins

Dictionary).

RC Receiver and Transmitter. Receiver captures signals from transmitter,

enabling remote control of functions. The transmitter is the handheld device that emits

radio waves to your model, while the receiver (as the name suggests) is the device you

plug into your model that receives the signals from the transmitter (Hobbyking, 2021).

Volt Battery. Electrochemical device producing electrical energy by supplying

specific voltage. The voltage of a battery is a fundamental characteristic of a battery,

which is determined by the chemical reactions in the battery, the concentrations of the

battery components, and the polarization of the battery (PVEducation).

 Methodology | 9
Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

The procedures by which researchers go about describing, explaining and

predicting phenomena are called research design. This chapter captures the research

design used, the study's target population, sample design, method of data collection,

data analysis, and presentation.

Exploratory sequential design, which was chosen for this study, is a research

methodology where researchers first collect qualitative data to explore a phenomenon,

then use that insight to guide further quantitative investigation (Zhang, 2023). By

applying this, researchers gain insights into the root causes of and identify potential

solutions or interventions to address them effectively.

This study was all about Clean Waters: A Remote Controlled Aqua Boat in Sual,

Pangasinan. The researchers proceeded with a variety of methods. First, the

researchers conducted interviews to gather information directly from participants.

Second, they made observations to observe the behavior of the aqua boat in different

conditions. Third, they conducted literature reviews to explore existing research and

knowledge on similar topics. Finally, they calculated weighted means to analyze and

summarize quantitative data collected during the study.

This research identified a problem in wastewater, such as in the lakes and fish

ponds, where there is a need to innovate in collecting waste that is more accessible

and practical.
 Methodology | 10
The researcher proceeded by reviewing both conceptual literature, which

explores theoretical concepts, and empirical literature, which comprises previous

studies similar to the proposed one. This comprehensive review aimed to gather

insights and build upon existing knowledge in the field.

Waterfall Model

The Waterfall Model is a sequential methodology used in various fields, such as

project management and product development, where tasks are organized linearly,

with each phase completed before the next one begins. It typically includes phases

such as Concept, Design, Develop, and Test, with progress flowing downwards like a

waterfall (ActiTime, 2022).

Figure 2 depicts how the Waterfall Model oversees the process of the proposed

project and outlines the tasks to be completed within it. The main goal of the Waterfall

Model is to consistently meet the specified requirements during the project's

development phase.

Figure 2: Waterfall Model

 Methodology | 11
Concept. This phase involves defining the initial idea or problem to be

addressed, outlining goals and objectives, and identifying the scope of the project.

During this phase, the researchers gather insights and requirements to refine the

project's objectives and scope.

Design. In this phase, detailed plans and specifications are created based on the

concept. This includes detailed design of components or elements needed to create the

concept.

During this phase, the researchers create detailed plans and blueprints based on

the project's requirements.

Develop. Once the design is finalized, the development phase begins where the

plans are implemented into tangible project or solutions. This involve building,

manufacturing, or assembling components according to the design specifications.

During this phase, the researchers translate designs into tangible prototypes or

solutions.

Test. In the testing phase, the developed project or solution is thoroughly

evaluated to ensure it meets the specified requirements and functions as intended. This

includes various forms of testing to identify and rectify any issues or defects before

final deployment or delivery.

During this phase, the researchers conduct rigorous testing procedures to validate

the functionality and performance of the developed product against the established

criteria and specifications.

 Methodology | 12
Prototype Components

Table 1. Prototype Components

Hardware Requirements
Dynamo motors
Propellers
RC receiver and transmitter
4.8-volt battery
Remote-controlled toy
Styro
Nylon

Functional Requirements

Functional requirements explain what has to be done by the prototype by

identifying the necessary task, action, or activity. Functional requirements of the

prototype include:

Remote Control Functionality. This feature ensures that operators can remotely

control the aqua boat's movements, facilitating convenient operation from a distance.

Directional Movement. This feature enables the aqua boat to maneuver in

various directions, including forward, backward, left, and right, providing flexibility

in navigating different water environments.

Speed Control. This feature allows operators to adjust the speed of the aqua boat

as needed, providing versatility in adapting to different water conditions and

collection tasks.

Buoyancy and Stability. This feature ensures that the aqua boat maintains proper

buoyancy and stability in water, preventing tipping or sinking during operation.

 Methodology | 13
Data Gathering Techniques

To gather all the necessary data of the proposed project, the researchers employ

the following methods to address the problem identified in this study.

Interview. A method of collecting information by directly questioning individuals

or groups to gain insights, opinions, or perspectives on a particular topic or issue.

Research interviews are crucial for gathering firsthand insights, perspectives, and data

directly from participants, providing depth and context to research findings

(Clements, 2021).

The researchers interviewed the school organizations, including BKD, YES-O,

and SSLG. They will ask a set of questionnaires about the existing process of cleaning

wastewater and the equipment currently being used.

Observation. The process of systematically watching and recording behaviors,

events, or phenomena as they occur in their natural setting, without directly

influencing or interacting with the subjects being observed. Observation allows

researchers to directly witness phenomena, behaviors, or events, providing valuable

context and insights (Duke University, 2024).

The researchers observed the school organizations, including BKD, YES-O, and

SSLG. They will observe the existing problems encountered in terms of cleaning

wastewater and the equipment currently being used.

Literature Review. A comprehensive examination and synthesis of existing

research, publications, and scholarly works relevant to a specific topic or research

question, aimed at providing an overview of the current state of knowledge in the

field and identifying gaps or areas for further investigation. Literature reviews help
 Methodology | 14
researchers understand existing knowledge, identify gaps, and build upon previous

research (TUS Library, 2024).

The researchers will gather information from primary and secondary sources to

support the study, encompassing peer-reviewed articles, books, conference

proceedings, and other scholarly materials. This comprehensive literature review will

serve as the foundation for understanding the current landscape of the field,

identifying key findings, and discerning gaps in knowledge, thus guiding the direction

of the research towards addressing issues and contributing new insights to the

academic discourse.

Respondents of the Study

The researchers interviewed the school organizations from Sual National High

School including, BKD, YES-O and SSLG. Likewise, the researchers provided a

survey questionnaire to the school organization to gather the needed requirements of

the proposed project that serves as the primary source. Secondary data sources are

from books, journals, the internet, and unpublished thesis book for the research.

Table 2. Table of Respondents

Respondents Frequency
BKD 5
YES-O 5
SSLG 5
Total 15
 Methodology | 15
Statistical Treatment

Weighted Mean. A weighted mean is a type of average where different data

points are given different weights based on their significance or importance (Ganti,

2023).

The researchers used a weighted mean to calculate the average, assigning

different weights to each data point based on their importance or relevance.

Likert Scale. A Likert scale is a psychometric scale commonly used in surveys

and questionnaires to measure attitudes, opinions, or behaviors. Respondents are

presented with a statement and are asked to indicate their level of agreement or

disagreement with the statement, typically using a scale ranging from "strongly agree"

to "strongly disagree” (Solmaz, 2023).

The researchers used four-point Likert scale questions in the acceptability

questionnaire because it would decrease the respondents' level of dissatisfaction and

increase the response rate and quality of response. The four-point Likert scale ranging

from strongly disagree, disagree, agree, and strongly agree.

Focus Group Discussion. A Focus Group Discussion (FGD) is a qualitative

research method where a small group of people is brought together to discuss a topic

under the guidance of a moderator, aiming to gather insights, opinions, and

perceptions (Scheelbeek et al., 2020).

The researchers used Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) as a qualitative research

method, bringing together the BKD, SSLG, and YES-O to discuss a specific topic

regarding existing procedures and problems encountered in terms of wastewater and

equipment.
 Results and Findings | 16
Chapter 3

RESULTS AND FINDINGS

Based on the Focus Group Discussion, the existing Procedures of BKD, YES-O,

and SSLG in Sual, Pangasinan were as follows:

Collecting Wastewater. BKD, SSLG, and YES-O in Sual Pangasinan employ

systematic methods for collecting wastewater during clean-up drives and advocacy

initiatives. These methods are tailored to effectively address environmental concerns

while also ensuring the safety of participants.

During clean-up drives, volunteers from these organizations typically begin by

conducting a thorough assessment of the targeted area to identify sources of

wastewater contamination. They divide the area into manageable sections to

streamline the collection process. Depending on the size and accessibility of the water

bodies, volunteers employ a manual methods.

Manual methods involve the use of tools such as nets, rakes, and shovels to

scoop out solid waste and debris floating on the water surface or submerged. This

hands-on approach allows volunteers to carefully navigate the environment,

minimizing disturbance to aquatic life and ecosystems.

Throughout the process, volunteers are trained to handle wastewater responsibly,

using protective gear such as gloves and boots to minimize exposure to harmful

contaminants. Additionally, they are instructed to segregate collected waste for proper

disposal or recycling, further contributing to environmental sustainability.

Equipment. In Sual Pangasinan, BKD, SSLG, and YES-O rely on a range of

traditional cleaning equipment to effectively address environmental challenges in

 Results and Findings | 17
bodies of water. These equipment are selected based on their practicality, accessibility,

and suitability for the local context.

Commonly used tools include rakes, brooms, and brushes, which are essential for

manually removing solid waste and debris from the water surface and surrounding

areas. These tools enable volunteers to navigate diverse terrain and reach inaccessible

spots, ensuring a thorough cleaning process.

Additionally, wheelbarrows are indispensable for transporting collected waste to

designated disposal sites. Their sturdy construction and maneuverability make them

ideal for handling heavy loads of debris, streamlining the clean-up operation.

Throughout the clean-up process, volunteers are trained to prioritize safety and

environmental protection, using personal protective equipment such as gloves and

boots. This ensures that they can work comfortably and confidently while minimizing

their exposure to harmful contaminants.

Problems Encountered

Based on the interviews and observations that the researchers made, the

following is a compilation of challenges encountered by the BKD, SSLG, and YES-O,

categorized by the respective areas:

Cleaning Wastewater. The problems encountered in cleaning wastewater of

BKD, SSLG, and YES-O are as follows: a) Insufficient access to treatment facilities,

b) Financial constraints for effective treatment solutions, c) Limited community

engagement and education.

 Results and Findings | 18
Equipment. The problems encountered in equipment of BKD, SSLG, and YES-O

are as follows: a) Outdated equipment and b) Capacity limitations for treatment

activities.

Solutions Adopted in Cleaning Wastewater. Establish community-driven

treatment facilities in collaboration with local governments and embrace eco-friendly

practices in wastewater treatment facilities.

Solutions Adopted in Equipment. Upgrade existing equipment with modern,

efficient technologies to improve treatment capabilities and create environmentally-

friendly and recyclable cleaning materials that are accessible and practical.

Features

The Aqua Boat Prototype has a wide range of features made possible by a remote

control system with a transmitter and receiver, ensuring users can easily control the

Aqua Boat's movements. With its open mouth, the Aqua Boat can efficiently collect

floating waste in bodies of water such as fish ponds and lakes, making the work of

cleaning some bodies of water easier than ever without needing to use more

manpower and tools to accomplish it, all done remotely, ensuring effective operation

within the desired water body.

Acceptability Test Results

The researcher creates an acceptability questionnaire based on Non-Functional

Requirements classifications which are Usability, Reliability, Functionality, and

Durability.
 Results and Findings | 19
Table 3. Average Weighted Mean and Interpretation on Acceptability Testing
AVERAGE WEIGHTED MEAN INTERPRETATION
3.26 - 4.00 Strongly Agree (SA)
2.51 - 3.25 Agree (A)
1.76 - 2.50 Disagree (D)
1.00 - 1.75 Strongly Disagree (SD)

Table 3 presents the average weighted mean scores and corresponding

descriptions derived from the acceptability testing. These scores are based on the

Non-Functional Requirements classifications, including Usability, Reliability,

Functionality, and Durability. The descriptions range from Highly Agree to Highly

Disagree, providing insight into the perceived acceptability of the tested prototype.

Usability. Refers to how easy and intuitive a system is to use. It involves factors

like user interface design, accessibility, and overall user experience (Chi, 2021).

Table 4. Prototype Evaluation According to Usability

USABILITY WM INTER
1. The prototype Aqua Boat is user-friendly. 4.00 SA
2. The prototype Aqua Boat is easy to control. 3.80 SA
3. The prototype Aqua Boat quickly responds to commands. 3.67 SA
Weighted Mean 3.82 SA
Table 4 shows that the majority of the respondents agree on the prototype’s

usability as reflected in the weighted mean of 3.82 (Strongly Agree).

This indicates that the remote controlled aqua boat is user-friendly and intuitive.

The use of inexpensive and widely available components can result in usability

that is capable of performing serious tasks, including environmental monitoring

missions (Kolev, 2021).

Reliability. This pertains to the consistency and dependability of a system to

perform its intended function without failure over a certain period or under specific

conditions (Crossman, 2019).

 Results and Findings | 20
Table 5. Prototype Evaluation According to Reliability
RELIABILITY WM INTER
1. The prototype Aqua Boat works properly according to its usage. 3.80 SA
2. The prototype Aqua Boat is reliable in collecting waste. 3.67 SA
3. The prototype Aqua Boat has a reliable remote control 3.89 SA
connection.
4. The prototype Aqua Boat has consistent performance. 3.60 SA
5. The prototype Aqua Boat has reliable battery life under 3.20 A
continuous use.
Weighted Mean 3.63 SA
Table 5 shows that the majority of the respondents agree on the prototype’s

reliability as reflected in the weighted mean of 3.63 (Strongly Agree).

This indicates that the remote-controlled Aqua is strongly reliable.

Reliability is a critical factor in the design and operation of remote-controlled

aqua boats, as it directly affects the accuracy and consistency of the data collected and

the overall success of the mission (Wang et al.,2023).

Functionality. Describes the range and effectiveness of features and capabilities

offered by a product or system. It assesses whether it meets user needs and performs

its intended tasks effectively (Sparkmate, 2023).

Table 6. Prototype Evaluation According to Functionality

FUNCTIONALITY WM INTER
1. The prototype Aqua Boat functions properly in collecting waste. 3.80 SA
2. The prototype Aqua Boat functions properly when moving 3.20 A
forward, backward, and sideways.
3. The prototype Aqua Boat can effectively navigate through 3.13 A
obstacles.
4. The prototype Aqua Boat functions as both a toy and a device in 3.67 SA
helping reduce water pollution.
Weighted Mean 3.45 SA
Table 6 shows that the majority of the respondents agree on the prototype’s

functionality as reflected in the weighted mean of 3.45 (Strongly Agree).

 Results and Findings | 21
This indicates that the remote-controlled Aqua is strongly effective in terms of its

functionality.

The design and fabrication of a remote-controlled river cleaning machine aims to

reduce the time and manpower required for river cleaning operations (Chikhalkar et

al., 2022).

Durability. Indicates the ability of a system to withstand damage over time,

ensuring its longevity and continued functionality throughout its expected lifespan

(Mesa, 2022).

Table 7. Prototype Evaluation According to Durability

DURABILITY WM INTER
1. The prototype Aqua Boat can handle different water conditions. 3.07 A
2. The prototype Aqua Boat can function in different water 3.00 A
conditions.
3. The prototype Aqua Boat is durable with its structure. 3.07 A
Weighted Mean 3.05 A
Table 7 shows that the majority of the respondents agree on the prototype’s

Durability as reflected in the weighted mean of 3.05 (Agree).

This indicates that the remote-controlled Aqua boat is perceived as durable.

The need for durable materials to withstand frequent exposure to water, corrosive

elements, and various obstacles such as trash, natural features is important. The

importance of maintaining buoyancy directly impacts the device's ability to float and

maneuver in the water (Josselyn, 2021).

Table 8. Summary of Non-Functional Requirements

Non-functional Requirements MEAN INTER
USABILITY 3.82 SA
RELIABILITY 3.63 SA
FUNCTIONALITY 3.45 SA
DURABILITY 3.05 A
 Results and Findings | 22
Weighted Mean 3.49 SA
Table 8 showed the summary of Non-Functional Requirements, reflecting the

weighted mean of 3.49% (Strongly Agree).

This indicates a high level of agreement, emphasizing the significance and

alignment of the non-functional requirements with project goals.

It is crucial to specify NFRs (Non-Functional Requirements) correctly,

completely, and without ambiguity, and to quantify them to ensure that they are

measurable and testable (Jafari, 2020).

 Summary, Conclusions, and
Recommendations | 23
Chapter 4

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary

The project study entitled Clean Waters: Remote Controlled Aqua Boat in Sual,

Pangasinan, aimed to meet the following objectives: to identify the existing

procedures of BKD, SSLG, and YES-O in Sual, along with the areas of (a) Collecting

wastewater and (b) Equipment; to identify the problems encountered by the BKD,

SSLG, and YES-O along with the areas of (a) Cleaning wastewater and (b)

Equipment; and to identify the functional and non-functional requirements of the

prototype.

The researchers used the prototyping methodology, which is the Waterfall Model,

in developing the prototype. It's known for its structured and linear nature, making it

suitable for projects with well-defined requirements upfront. Additionally, the

hardware requirements were also identified.

The researchers interviewed the school organizations BKD, YES-O, and SSLG

to gather insights into the existing processes of cleaning wastewater and the

equipment being used. Observations of these organizations further identified current

problems related to wastewater cleaning and equipment usage. Additionally, a

comprehensive literature review of primary and secondary sources, including peer-

reviewed articles, books, and conference proceedings, was conducted to understand

the current state of knowledge in the field and guide the research direction towards

contributing new insights to the academic discourse.

 Summary, Conclusions, and
Recommendations | 24
The researchers also defined the prototype’s functional and non-functional

requirements that describe what the prototype can do.

Conclusions

Based on the findings of the study, the researchers' conclusions are as follows:

1. The researchers identified the current process through the Focus Group

Discussion, revealing that BKD, YES-O, and SSLG in Sual, Pangasinan,

systematically collect wastewater during clean-up drives using manual methods

such as nets, rakes, and shovels. These procedures prioritize environmental

concerns and participant safety, contributing significantly to regional

environmental sustainability. Continued collaboration and support for these

efforts are essential for maintaining Sual's waterways' cleanliness and health for

future generations.

2. Based on the interviews and observations conducted by the researchers, several

challenges were identified for BKD, SSLG, and YES-O in cleaning wastewater

and managing equipment. In terms of cleaning wastewater, challenges include

insufficient access to treatment facilities, financial constraints for effective

treatment solutions, and limited community engagement and education.

Regarding equipment, challenges revolve around outdated equipment and

capacity limitations for treatment activities. Addressing these challenges will

require collaborative efforts and innovative solutions to improve wastewater

management and equipment capabilities for BKD, SSLG, and YES-O, ultimately

contributing to environmental sustainability and community well-being.

 Summary, Conclusions, and
Recommendations | 25
3. Based on the summary of results, the Non-Functional Requirements demonstrate

a strong consensus, with a weighted mean of 3.49% (Strongly Agree). This

indicates a high level of agreement, highlighting the significance and alignment

of these requirements with the project's goals. The comprehensive consideration

and incorporation of key non-functional aspects ensure the project's success and

effectiveness in meeting its objectives.

Recommendations

1. The researchers recommend applying the prototype Aqua Boat to further assist

and improve the clean-up drives conducted by the BKD, SSLG, and YES-O.

2. The researchers recommend seeking support from the LGU to help conduct

wastewater cleaning.

3. The researchers recommend that future researchers improve the prototype Aqua

Boat in terms of its hardware, proponents, and overall appearance for better

performance and a more appealing design.

 References | 26
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 Appendices | 29
Appendix A

Interview Guide

1. What techniques/procedures are you currently practicing in cleaning wastewater?

2. What equipment are you using for cleaning wastewater?

3. What problems have you encountered in cleaning wastewater and with the

equipment you are using?

4. What possible solutions can be proposed to address the issues?

Appendix B

Acceptability Test Questionnaires

4 3 2 1
INDICATORS Highly Agree Disagree Highly
Agree Disagree
USABILITY
1. The prototype Aqua Boat is user-
friendly.
2. The prototype Aqua Boat is easy to
control.
3. The prototype Aqua Boat quickly
responds to commands.

2
4 3 1
Disagre
INDICATORS Highly Agree Highly
e
Agree Disagree

RELIABILITY
1. The prototype Aqua Boat works
properly according to its usage.
2. The prototype Aqua Boat is reliable in
 Appendices | 30

collecting waste.
3. The prototype Aqua Boat has a reliable
remote control connection.
4. The prototype Aqua Boat has consistent
performance.
5. The prototype Aqua Boat has reliable
battery life under continuous use.

4 3 2 1
INDICATORS Highly Agree Disagree Highly
Agree Disagree
FUNCTIONALITY
1. The prototype Aqua Boat functions
properly in collecting waste.
2. The prototype Aqua Boat functions
properly when moving forward,
backward, and sideways.
3. The prototype Aqua Boat can effectively
navigate through obstacles.
4. The prototype Aqua Boat functions as
both a toy and a device in helping
reduce water pollution.

4 3 2 1
INDICATORS Highly Agree Disagree Highly
Agree Disagree
DURABILITY
1. The prototype Aqua Boat can handle
different water conditions.
2. The prototype Aqua Boat can function
in different water conditions.
3. The prototype Aqua Boat is durable
with its structure.
 Appendices | 31
Appendix C

Prototype Components
Appendices | 32
 Curriculum Vitae | 33
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: JAVAN JOSHUA M. ACERET

Address: Poblacion West, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09192307014
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: May 11, 2005

Age: 17
Religion: Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
ELR West Ville Integrated School and Sual Central School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 34
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: JOMARCK C. REPOLLO

Address: Caoayan, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09514919483
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: March 05, 2006

Age: 18
Religion: Roman Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Sual Elementary School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 35
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: KURT ASHTON D. LIMOS

Address: Seselangen, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09610527056
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: December 19, 2005

Age: 18
Religion: Roman Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Seselangen Elementary School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 36
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: HARRY S. MACATIAG

Address: Baquioen, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09776931238
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: December 10, 2005

Age: 18
Religion: Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Sual Central School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 37
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: SOPHIA LAUREN B. AGUSTIN

Address: Tactaquin Street, Poblacion, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09309318922
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: July 28, 2006

Age: 17
Religion: Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Sual Central School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 38
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: CHERYL MAE E. CATOLICO

Address: Tactaquin Street, Poblacion, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09052263515
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: January 02, 2006

Age: 18
Religion: Roman Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
St. Peter Martyr Academy Inc.

Secondary:
St. Peter Martyr Academy Inc. and Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 39
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: STEPHANIE Q. CLEMENTE

Address: Bolaoen, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09774348612
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: May 29, 2006

Age: 17
Religion: Roman Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Bolaoen Elementary School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 40
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: TRISHA NAE C. ESTRADA

Address: Baquioen, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09365079532
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: April 02, 2006

Age: 18
Religion: Roman Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Baquioen Elementary School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 41
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: MARIA ANGELINE T. AGNES

Address: Sioasio West, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09635172128
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: October 29, 2005

Age: 18
Religion: Roman Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Sioasio Integrated School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 42
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: KATRINAH F. AQUI

Address: Seselangen, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09455970881
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: January 11, 2006

Age: 18
Religion: Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Baquioen Elementary School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 43
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: ASHLEY D. LABAREJOS

Address: Caoayan, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09454935640
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: May 22, 2005

Age: 18
Religion: Roman Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Cacao Elementary School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 44
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: CLAUDINE B. CABURAO

Address: Sioasio East, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09468603386
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: October 10, 2005

Age: 18
Religion: Roman Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Sioasio Integrated School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
 Curriculum Vitae | 45
CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: JHASMANE R. REGATCHO

Address: Paitan East, Sual, Pangasinan
Contact Number: 09158818315
Email Address: [email protected]

Birthdate: October 27, 2006

Age: 17
Religion: Iglesia Ni Cristo

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Paitan Integrated School

Secondary:
Sual National High School
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Curriculum Vitae | 46