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CH12 Orthogonal function and Fourier series重點整理 - by 周

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22 views3 pages

CH12 Orthogonal function and Fourier series重點整理 - by 周

Uploaded by

vutranhailong2005
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 12 Orthogonal functions and Fourier series summary

Define1 Inner product and Norm 內積與範數

Inner product 內積 Norm 範數


Vector        
u1 ⋅ u2 u=1 u1 ⋅ u1 u= 2 u2 ⋅ u2
向量
Function b b b
∫ φ1 (t )φ2 (t )dt φ1 ( t ) = ∫ φ1 (t )φ1 (t )dt φ2 ( t ) = ∫ φ (t )φ (t )dt
2 2
函數 a a a

Define 2 Orthogonal and Othonormal 正交與單位正交

Two functions φ1 and φ2 are said to be orthogonal on the interval [a, b] if


b
(φ1 , φ2 )
= ∫=
φ (t )φ (t )dt 0
a 1 2

b
(φ ,=
φ ) ∫ φ (t )φ (t=
m n )dt 0, m ≠ n
a m n

Define 3 Orthogonal series expansion and generalized Fourier series


∞
f ( x ) = ∑ cnφn ( x ),
n =0
b b
∫= f ( x )φn ( x ) dx ∫ f ( x )φ ( x ) w( x)dx
n
cn a
b
or cn a
b
∫ φn ( x ) dx ∫ φ ( x ) w( x)dx
2 2
a a n

Define 4 Even and odd function

Even 偶函數 Odd 積函數

f (− x) =f ( x) f (− x) =
- f ( x)
Chapter 12 Orthogonal functions and Fourier series summary
The product of an even and an odd function is odd.(even)(odd) = odd
The product of an even and an even function is even. (even)(even) = even
The product of an odd and an odd function is even. (odd )( odd) = even
The sum(difference) of an odd and an odd function is odd. (odd) ± (odd) = odd
The sum (difference) of an even and an even function is even. (even) ± (even) =even

Key:
How to slove Fourier Series、Fourier integral and Fourier transform？
1) Graph the function to know is odd or even function
2) Write the formula

Define 5 Fourier Series and integral

Fourier Series Fourier integral


general formula ∞
 nπ nπ 
a0 + ∑  an cos
f ( x) = x + bn sin x
n =1  L L 
1 L
2 L ∫− L
a0 = f ( x)dx

1 L nπ
L ∫− L
an = f ( x) cos xdx, n = 1, 2, 
L
1 L nπ
bn =
L ∫− L
f ( x) sin
L
xdx, n = 1, 2, 

Even function ∞
nπ
) a0 + ∑ an cos
f ( x= x
Fourier cosin seriers n =1 L
1 L 1 L
=a0 = ∫
2L − L
f ( x)dx
L ∫0
f ( x)dx

1 L nπ
L ∫− L
an = f ( x) cos xdx
L

2 L nπ
L ∫0
= f ( x) cos xdx, n = 1, 2, 
L
Odd function ∞
nπ
f ( x) = ∑ bn sin x
Fourier sinin seriers n =1 L

1 L nπ
bn =
L ∫− L
f ( x) sin
L
xdx

2 L nπ
L ∫0
= f ( x) sin xdx, n = 1, 2, 
L
Fourier ∞  nπ 
 x i
f ( x) = ∑ cn e L 
Complex integral n =1
 nπ 
1 L − x i

2 L ∫− L
cn = f ( x ) e  L 
dx
Chapter 12 Orthogonal functions and Fourier series summary
Define 6 Fourier transform

general formula

Even function
Fourier cosin seriers

Odd function
Fourier sinin seriers

Define 7 Derivative function

Define 8 Bessel series

x 2 y′′ + xy′ + ( x 2 −ν 2 ) y =
0
y ( x) =
c1 J v ( x) + c2 J v ( x) x≠0

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