MZUMBE UNIVERSITY DAR ES SALAAM CAMPUS COLLEGE

SUBJECT CODE: QMS 102

SUBJECT NAME: BUSINESS MATHEMATICS

COURSE NAME: BAF - BS.

TYPE OF WORK: GROUP ASSIGNMENT

LECTURE’S NAME SIR RASHID

S/N MEMBER REGISTRATION NUMBER

1 EZELINA JOHN 31314048/T.22

2 VICTORIA EMMANUEL WAZIRI 31314052/T.22

3 NOELA GODFEY 31314027/T.22

4 LUCRESIA MGATA 31314023/T.22

5 ENESIA DAMASI 31314088/T.22

6 KELVIN ADOLF 31314038/T.22

7 KISEMI JUMAA KIKAPU 31314099/T.22

8 GLORIA GEORGE 31314083/T.22

9 RAHMAN OMAR 31314009/T.22

10 JOHN SHAYO 31314029/T.22

11 BENSON MUSHI 31314082/T.22

12 MACRINA VITUS 31314123/T.22

1

a. Sln
Data given
Men =14
Women =16
Juries =12
P(E) =?

Number of ways to select 12 jury from 30 people

=30C12
=86493225
Probability of having exactly 6 men and 6 women is
P(E)=14C6.16C6
30C12
= 24048024
86493225

‫؞‬ P (E) =0.2780

b. Data given
P(X≤5)
n=200
P=2%=0.02
Λ= np
Λ= 200 × 0.02
From p(X≤5)
=P(X=0)+P(X=1)+P(X=2)+P(X=3)+P(X=4)+P(X=5)

nCxPx qn-x but q=1-0.02

=200C0.(0.02)0.(0.98)200-0 +200C1.(0.02)1.(0.98)200-1+200C2.(0.02)2.(0.98)200-
2+200C3.(0.02)3.(0.98)200-3+200C4.(0.02)4.(0.98)200-4+200C5.(0.02)5.(0.98)200-

5=0.786722

‫ ؞‬P( x≤5) =0.786722 or approximately 0.785

 c. Let F be total number of female athletes
Let M be total number of male athletes
Let S be total number of swimmers
Data given
P(F)=1/2
P(M)=1/2
P(S)=16/52
P(FnS)=6/52
P(MnS)=5/26

I.P(S/F)= P(SnF)
P(F)
= 3/26
1/2
=6/26
P(S/F)= 3/13
The probability that she is a swimmer is 3/13

II.P(M/S)= P(MnS)
P(S)
=5/26
4/13

‫؞‬Probabilty that he is a male is 5/8

2.
a) sln

i) The expectation E(X) of X

X 1 2 4 8 16
P 1/5 1/5 1/5 1/5 1/5

E(X)=∑ Xi P(Xi)
= (1×1/5)+(2×1/5)+(4×1/5)+(8×1/5)+(16×1/5)
 =1/5(1+2+4+8+16)
=1/5(31)
= 31/5

‫؞‬ E(x)= 6.2

ii) var (X) of X

X 1 4 16 64 256
P 1/5 1/5 1/5 1/5 1/5

Var (X)=E(X)2 -(E(x))2

For E(X)2= (1×1/5)+(4×1/5)+(16×1/5)+(64×1/5)+(256×1/5)
=1/5(1+4+16+64+256)
=1/5(341)
= 341/5
= 68.2
For (E(X)) 2= (6.2)2 =38.44
Var (X)=68.2-38.44

‫ ؞‬Var (x) =29.76

b)soln
3 head in 4 tossee
By normal distribution

PXqn-x
P=0.5 q=0.5
P(X=0)+P(X=1)+P(X=2)+P(X=3)
1-0.0625
=0.9375

The probability of getting most three heads is 0.9375

c) soln
∞
f(x)=∫−∞ 𝑓 (𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
(∞, 0)
∞ 0 𝑥
F(x) =∫−∞ 𝑓(𝑢 )𝑑𝑢 =∫−∞ 𝑓 (𝑢 )𝑑𝑢 +∫𝑜 𝑓(𝑢) 𝑑𝑢
𝑥
=0+∫𝑜 𝑓(𝑢) 𝑑u
𝑥 𝑥
∫0 𝑓(𝑢 )𝑑𝑢 =∫0 1 − 7/90(3 − 𝑢)2 𝑑𝑢

𝑥 𝑥 7
∫0 1𝑑𝑢 − ∫0 90(3−𝑢)2
𝑑𝑢

𝑥
x-7/90∫0 (3 − 𝑢 )2 𝑑𝑢
x=3-u
dv/du=1
du-dv
𝑥
x+7/90∫0 𝑣 2 𝑑𝑣
7 𝑣3
x+ [ ]
90 3
𝑥3
x+7/90( − 0)
3
𝑥3
x+7/90( )
3
7𝑋3
x+
270

for (3,∞)
∞ 7
f(x)=∫3 1 − 𝑑𝑢
90(3−𝑢)2

2.3

ii)expectation of 𝑥 2
3
E𝑥 2 = ∫0 𝑥 2 (1 − 7/90(3 − 𝑥 )2 𝑑𝑥
3
E𝑥 2 = ∫0 𝑥 2 − 7/90𝑥 2 (3 − 𝑥)2 𝑑𝑥
3
∫0 𝑥 2 − 7/90𝑥 2 (9 − 6𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑥3 3 7 3 7 3 7
[ ] − ∫0 ∗ 9𝑥 2 + ∫0 ∗ 6𝑥 3 − ∫0 ∗4
3 90 90 90

8.37
iii)var(x)
var(x)=𝐸(𝑥)2 − (𝐸(𝑥))2
 3
E(x)∫0 𝑥(1 − 7/90(3 − 𝑥 )2 𝑑𝑥
3.975
Var(x)=8.37-(3.975) 2
Var(x)=8.3-15.8
Var(x)=-7.43

2
d) 𝑖) ∫1 𝑎𝑥 (1 − 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 =1
2
∫1 (𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥 2 )=1
2
[a𝑥 2 /2 − 𝑎𝑥 3 /3 | =1
1
4a/2-8a/3-a/2+a/3=1
3a/2-7a/3=1
(9a-14a)/6=1
-5a=6
a=-6/5

3/2 6
ii)∫1/2 − 𝑥( 1 − 𝑥)𝑑𝑥=p(1/2≤x≤3/2)
5

𝑥2 3/2
-6/5[ − 𝑥 3/3]
2 1/2
-6/5((3/2)^2/2-(3/2)^3/3)-(1/2)^2/2+(1/2)^2/2

P(1/2≤x≤3/2)=0.06875

2
iii)f(x)=∫1 𝑓(𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
2 −6
=∫1 𝑥(1 − 𝑥)
5
2
=-6/5∫1 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑥2 2
=-6/5[ − 𝑥 3 /3 |
2 1
=1
𝑏
iv)f(x)=∫𝑎 𝑥𝑓(𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
2 6
=∫1 𝑋 (− )
5𝑋(1−𝑋)𝑑𝑥
2 6𝑥
=∫1 𝑥(− + 6𝑥 2 /5)𝑑𝑥
5
 2 6𝑥 2 6𝑥 3
=∫1 − +
5 5𝑑𝑥

= 1.7
2
E(𝑋 2 )=∫1 𝑥 2 − 6/5(𝑥 − 𝑥2)𝑑𝑥
Var(x)=2.94-(1.7)2
Var(x)=0.05

𝑥
3)∫𝑥 1 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥=1 for cdf
2

6𝑥
2 (− ) (1 − 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
∫1 5

6𝑥 2 6𝑥 3 2
[- + ]
10 15 1
(-(6(2)^2)/10+((6(2)^3)/15))-(6/10+6/15))=1

Therefore cdf is -6/5x(1-x)

3
a)
Data given
δx=10
n=25
x=500
c=95%
∝=1-C
=1-0.95
∝ = 0.05
∝/2=0,05/2=0.025
From
X-Z∝/2 δX≤ ℳ≤X+Z∝/2δx
x=δx/√n
δx=10/√25 =10/5
δx=2
 50-1.96.2≤ ℳ≤50+1.9.2
50-3.92≤ ℳ≤50+3.92
46.08≤ ℳ≤53.92

‫ ؞‬The 95% confidence interval estimate of pop is 46.08 and 53.92

3(b).

We are required to use the Central Limit Theorem, and it states that “distribution of sample
means approaches a normal distribution as the sample size increases, regardless of the shape
of the population distribution.”

Data given

X is random variable for time in min

Commercial 36 half hour program

½ hour program

Mean of x 6.3 min

Δx 0.866

Mean of X = 36×6.3 = 226.8 min

Δ of X = √(36)×0.866 = 5.76 min

Required to find probability that X is greater than 220 minutes. We can standardize the value
using the z-score formula:

Z = (X - Mean of X) / Δx

Z = (220 - 226.8) / 5.76

Z = -1.18

Employing the use of Standard normal distribution table the probability associated with Z-
score of –1.18. The probability of Z being less than -1.18 is approximately 0.1190.

To obtain probability that X is greater than 220 minutes, we minus the obtained probability
from 1:

Probability (X > 220) = 1 - 0.1190 = 0.8810

‫ ؞‬Approximate probability that a person who watches 36 half-hour programs will be exposed
to over 220 mins of commercials is 88.10%.

3c.

To test whether the investor has enough evidence to reject the Investment Services
Company's claim, we can perform a hypothesis test. We have to set up the null and alternative
hypotheses:

Stage1

Null Hypothesis (H0): The average annual return on stocks within the industry is 11.5%.

Alternative Hypothesis (H1): The average annual return on stocks within the industry is not
11.5%.

Stage2

We have to use a one-sample t-test because we are provided with a sample mean and need to
compare it to a claimed population mean. Given that the sample size is 50, we assume that
the distribution of sample mean is approximately normal due to the Central Limit Theorem.

Stage3

Let's calculate the test statistic:

Abbreviations

Sample mean

Hypothesized mean

t = (sample mean - hypothesized mean) / (sample standard deviation / √sample size)

t = (10.8 - 11.5) / (3.4 / √50)

t = -0.7 / (3.4 / 7.07)

t = -0.7 / 0.4794 ≈ -1.459

Stage4

Next, we need to determine the critical value at a significance level (α) of 0.05. Since we
have a two-tailed test, we need to split the significance level equally between the two tails.
The critical value can be found using a t-distribution table or a calculator.

For a significance level of 0.05, with 50 - 1 = 49 degrees of freedom, the critical value is
approximately ±2.01.

95%

Stage5

Calculated test statistics (-1.459) does not exceed the critical value of -2.01 or 2.01, it fails to
reject the null hypothesis.

95%

-0.025 0 +0.025
Stage6

‫ ؞‬Based on the given sample data, the investor does not have enough evidence to reject the
Investment Services Company's claim that the average annual return on stocks within the
industry is 11.5% at a significance level of 0.05.