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CCN Lab Report 1b

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CCN Lab Report 1b

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ahmedmangi543
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© © All Rights Reserved
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COMPUTER COMMUNICATION NETWORK DUET

LAB REPORT 1(B)


ABSTRACT:
The study examines routers, switches, firewalls, access points, load balancers, NAS, and network hubs'
roles in network communication, traffic distribution, and legacy, emphasizing firewall deployment
strategies and intrusion prevention techniques.

INTRODUCTION:
Routers: Exploring the pivotal role of routers in directing data packets across disparate networks, the
study delves into routing protocols, dynamic routing algorithms, and router configuration methodologies.
Switches: Investigating the significance of switches in facilitating local area network (LAN)
communications, the study scrutinizes switch architectures, VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network)
configurations, and switch management techniques.
Lab task:1(b)

Question : 01
Differentiate between HUB & SWITCH?
Answer:
Certainly! Let’s compare hubs and switches: Layer of Operation:
Hub: Operates on the physical layer of the OSI model.
Switch: Operates on the data link layer of the OSI model1.
Transmission Type: Hub: Uses broadcast transmission, sending data to all connected devices.
Switch: Supports unicast, multicast, and broadcast transmission, allowing more efficient communication1.
Number of Ports: Hub: Typically has 4 to 12 ports.
Switch: Can have 24 to 48 ports1.
Collision Domains: Hub: Has only one collision domain (all devices share the same collision domain).
Switch: Each port has its own collision domain, reducing collisions1.
Question : 02
Write a sample IP address of each class of IP and write how many octets of each class of IP are used for
network and for host?
Answer:
Class A IP Address:
Sample IP Address: 10.0.0.1
Number of Octets for Network: 1
Number of Octets for Host: 3

LAP REPORT :1(B) 22F-TE-07


COMPUTER COMMUNICATION NETWORK DUET

Class B IP Address:
Sample IP Address: 172.16.0.1
Number of Octets for Network: 2
Number of Octets for Host: 2
Class C IP Address:
Sample IP Address: 192.168.0.1
Number of Octets for Network: 3
Number of Octets for Host: 1
In Class A IP addresses, the first octet is reserved for network identification, leaving three octets for host
addressing. In Class B, the first two octets are for network identification, leaving two octets for host
addressing. In Class C, the first three octets are for network identification, leaving only one octet for host
addressing.
Question : 03
Search out different manufacture of router and switch? Write at least 3 model name with different
VENDORS?
Answer:

Cisco Systems:
Cisco is a well-known networking hardware company that produces a wide range of routers and
switches. Some of their popular models include:
Cisco ISR 4000 Series Routers: These integrated services routers are designed for branch offices and
provide advanced security, WAN optimization, and application visibility.
Cisco Catalyst 9000 Series Switches: These switches offer high performance, security, and
programmability for enterprise networks.
Juniper Networks:
Juniper is another major player in the networking industry. Their routers and switches are widely used in
data centers and service provider networks.
Juniper MX Series Routers: These routers provide high-density, carrier-grade routing for large-scale
networks.
Juniper EX Series Switches: These Ethernet switches offer flexibility, scalability, and security features.
Aruba Networks (HPE):
Aruba, now part of Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE), specializes in wireless networking solutions but
also offers switches.
Aruba 2930F Series Switches: These access switches are suitable for small to medium-sized businesses
and provide advanced security and management features.
Aruba 5400R Series Switches: These modular switches are designed for enterprise campus networks and
data centers.
Question : 04
Write classes of following IP address and their equivalent dotted decimal notation?

Answer:

A) 10.0.2.128 (00001010.00000000.00000010.10000000)
B) 172.16.1.32 (10101100.00010000.00000001.00100000)
C) 192.168.16.64 (11000000.10101000.00010000.01000000)

LAP REPORT :1(B) 22F-TE-07


COMPUTER COMMUNICATION NETWORK DUET

Question : 05
What information we get from “ipconfig”?
Answer:

Question : 06
Go to the command prompt of your computer and write the information you get from command “
ipconfig/all” ?

Question : 07
What is loopback address define its operation?

LAP REPORT :1(B) 22F-TE-07


COMPUTER COMMUNICATION NETWORK DUET

A loopback address is a virtual IP address that points back to the same device or host, often represented
by IP addresses 127.0.0.1 in IPv4 and ::1 in IPv6. Its primary purpose is for self-testing and diagnostic
within a device. Common use cases include testing network services, troubleshooting, accessing localhost
services, and providing isolation for applications that need to communicate with other components
without external network access. The loopback address is not associated with physical network interfaces.

RESULTS:
A repeater transmits signals at higher power levels, while hubs connect Ethernet devices. Switches and
bridges process data, while routers and gateways interconnect networks. Each has unique functions and
interfaces.

CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, while both switches and hubs are used for network connectivity, switches are preferred for
their ability to provide dedicated communication paths, reduce network collisions, and offer better
performance and security features compared to hubs. Hubs, on the other hand, are simpler devices that
broadcast data to all connected devices, leading to potential network congestion and slower performance.

LAP REPORT :1(B) 22F-TE-07

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