L-1 Nutrition in Plants

L-1Nutrition in Plants
Q1. Fill in the blanks.

1) Green plants are called autotrophs.
2) Oxygen gas is released by plants during photosynthesis.
3) The carbon dioxide gas enters the leaves of the plant through
stomata.
4) Rhizobium bacteria live in the nodules of the roots of peas.
5) Plants store food as starch.
6) The mode of nutrition shown by cascuta is parasitic
nutrition.
7) Iodine makes starch to turn blue-black in colour.
8) Stomata is surrounded by guard cells.
9) Green plants prepare their food by the process of
photosynthesis.
10) Rhizobium bacteria provide nitrogen to leguminous plants.
Q.1 b) True or False:-
1. The word hetero means other. True
2. Xylem Vessels run like pipes throughout the root. True
3. Plant needs nitrogen in insoluble form. False
4. Fungi and Yeast are parasite. False
5. Glucose and starch are carbohydrates. True
Q.1 c) Matching:-
No A B
1 Green plants a. Autotrophic
2 Mushroom b. Saprotroph
3 Leaf c. Chlorophyll
4 Trophos d. Nutrition
5 Auto e. Self
6 Guard cell f. Stomata
Q.1 d) Circle the odd one.
1. Water Carbon dioxide Oxygen Sunlight
2. Moulds Cuscuta Mushrooms Yeast
3. Pitcher plant Venus flytrap Lichens Drosera
4. Digestion Minerals Absorption Utilisation
5. Roots Chlorophyll Stomata Gourd cells
Section-B
Q.2 a) Give Difference between:-
1. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
Autotrophs Heterotrophs
1) Organisms having 1) Organisms having heterotrophic
autotrophic mode of nutrition mode of nutrition that cannot
that make its own food are make its own food are called
called autotrophs. Heterotrophs.
2) All the green plants and 2) Animals and non-green plants
some bacteria are autotrophs. are Heterotrophs.
2. Saprotrophic Nutrition and Parasitic Nutrition.
Saprotrophic Nutrition Parasitic Nutrition
1) The mode of nutrition in 1) The mode of nutrition in which
which the organism obtains some plants live in or on other
its food from dead and living organisms and derive their
decaying organic matter of ready-made food from the body
plants or dead animals is of another living organism is
called Saprotrophic nutrition. called parasitic nutrition.
2) E.g.- Fungi like moulds, 2) E.g. – Cuscuta bacteria are
mushrooms and yeast. total parasites, mistle-toe is
partial parasite.
Q.2 b) Answer in short:-
1) Name any two Heterotrophs?
Ans. Non-green plants like fungi, mushrooms, cuscuta and
animals are Heterotrophs.
2) Name any two insectivorous plants?
Ans. Utricularia and Pitcher plant are two insectivorous plants.
3) What are stomata?
Ans.Tiny pores present on the surface of the leaves through
which leaves exchange gases is called stomata.
4) What is Haustoria?
Ans. It is a special structure in some plants for absorbing ready-
made food.
Q.2 c) Draw and label diagram.
1. Open stomata and Closed stomata:-( pg no. 10 Fig 1.2)
Section-C
Q.3 a) Give scientific reason:-
1. Tiny pores called stomata are present on the surface of the
leaves.
Ans. Because the carbon dioxide gas enters the leaves of the
plant through the stomata.
2. In a pitcher plant, the leaf lamina is modified to form a
pitcher- like structure.
Ans. Because the apex of the leaf is modified into a lid which
can open and close the mouth of the pitcher. When an insect
lands in the pitcher, the lid closes and the trapped insect gets
entangles into the hair.
3. Mistle-toe is a partial parasite.
Ans. Because this plant has green leaves but it receives water
and minerals from the host plant on which it grows.
Q.3 b) Answer in brief:-
1) What is symbiosis? Explain with example.
Ans. The mutual association in which two different types of
organisms live and work together for their benefit from each
other is called symbiosis. E.g. Leguminous plants like gram,
peas, moong need nitrogen in a soluble form. Rhizobium
bacteria lives in the nodules of their roots and provide them
nitrogen . In return, the plant provides food and shelter to the
Rhizobium bacteria.
2) How does the pitcher plant catch its prey?
Ans. In a pitcher plant, the leaf lamina is modified to form a
pitcher- like structure. The apex of the leaf is modified into a lid
which can open and close the mouth of the pitcher. Inside the
pitcher, there are hairs. When an insect lands in the pitcher, the
lid closes and the trapped insect gets caught into the hair. The
insect is digested by the digestive juices secreted in the pitcher.
3) Explain the materials required for photosynthesis?
Ans. The materials required by plants for photosynthesis are as
follow-
(1) Water and minerals- The water and minerals are absorbed
by the roots of the plants from the soil and transported to the
leaves through stem and branches.
(2) Carbon dioxide- The green plants take carbon dioxide gas
from the air through stomata which are surrounded by guard
cells.
(3) Chlorophyll- Chlorophyll is a green pigment present in the
cell organelle called chloroplast. The green colour of the plant is
due to chlorophyll. It traps the sunlight energy which is used to
synthesis food from carbon dioxide and water during
photosynthesis.
(4) Sunlight- The green plants prepare their food in the
presence of sunlight. The chlorophyll present green leaves
convert the sunlight energy into chemical energy stored in the
food.
Section-D
Q.4 a) Short note:-
1. Importance of photosynthesis.
A.1.Photosynthesis enables the green plants to make their own
food. In the absence of photosynthesis, there would not be any
plant.
2. The survival of all living organism in the world, directly or
indirectly depends upon the food made by plants.
3. Oxygen, which is essential for the survival of all living
organisms, is produced during photosynthesis.
4. Carbon dioxide is used by plants during photosynthesis so, it
can be said that photosynthesis maintains balance between
oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
5. In the absence of photosynthesis, life would be impossible on
the earth.
Q.4 b) Describe an Experiment:-
1. To show that sunlight is necessary for photosynthesis.
 Apparatus- A potted plant, beaker, Bunsen burner,
alcohol, iodine solution, dropper.
 Figure: Text book Page no-13 fig. 1.5
 Procedure- 1. Take a healthy potted plant and keep it in
the dark room for 2-3 days.
2. Cover one of its leaves partly with a strip of black paper
and put the plant in sunlight for few hours.
3. Pluck this covered leaf and remove the black strip.
4. Remove the green coloured chlorophyll from the leaf by
boiling it first in water and then wash in alcohol. In this way,
we get decolourised leaf. Again wash the leaf with water.
5. Add a few drops of iodine on the colourless leaf and
observe.
 Observation: We see that the part of the leaf covered with
the black paper does not turn blue-black while the other
parts turn blue-black on adding iodine solution while the
uncovered parts turns blue-black.
 Conclusion: It happens because the covered part of the
leaf could not get sunlight, hence there is no starch in this
part. This shows that sunlight is necessary for
photosynthesis.

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