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18.1 Practical Follow Up

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19 views3 pages

18.1 Practical Follow Up

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selincofbaci
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18 Rates of reactions

OCR Chemistry A Follow-up sheet

The initial rate method

Specification references
 1.1.3, 1.1.4
 3.2.2, 5.1.1
 HSW5, HSW6, HSW8
 M0.2, M0.3
 5g

Learning outcomes
After completing the worksheet you will be able to:
 explain how to change the concentration of a solution and its effect on the rate of
reaction
 explain how order of reaction can be used to suggest the mechanism for a
reaction
 evaluate results in terms of reliability and accuracy.

Information
This is the follow-up to The Initial rate method practical or the Using the iodine clock
method to find the order of a reaction practical. Rate of reaction is the change in
concentration of reactant or product in a given time. In the iodine clock reaction
hydrogen peroxide and iodide ions from potassium iodide react together in a two-
step process. The ionic equations for each step are show below:
Step 1: H2O2(aq)  2I(aq)  2H(aq)  I2(aq)  2H2O(l) (slow and the
ratedetermining step)
The reaction between thiosulfate (limited reagent) and iodine is used to time the
appearance of a fixed amount of iodine:
Step 2: 2S2 O32 (aq)  I2(aq)  S 4 O 26 (aq)  2I(aq) (fast)
To show the end point, starch indicator is added and the time taken for the solution
to turn from colourless to blue-black is recorded.

Questions
1 The iodine clock reaction mixes colourless liquids and has the following rate
equation:

Rate  k [I(aq)][H2O2(aq)]
a What is the overall rate of reaction?
(1 mark)

© Oxford University Press 2016 http://www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements


This resource sheet may have been changed from the original 1
18 Rates of reactions
OCR Chemistry A Follow-up sheet

b How can the rate equation be used to justify that step 1 is the rate
determining step?

(2 marks)

c Explain why the rate of reaction of step 2 has negligible effect on the overall
rate of reaction.

(2 marks)

2 In an experiment to investigate how the concentration of the reactants affects the


rate of reaction in the iodine clock reaction the overall volume of the reaction
mixture was kept the same.
a Explain how 250 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm3 solution of hydrogen peroxide could be
made from distilled water and 1 mol dm3 hydrogen peroxide.

(3 marks)

b Explain why using a graduated flask is more accurate than using measuring
cylinders to create a standard solution.

(2 marks)

c Hydrogen peroxide will decompose in light to form water and oxygen. Explain
why a solution of hydrogen peroxide must be prepared freshly for each iodine
clock experiment.

(3 marks)

© Oxford University Press 2016 http://www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements


This resource sheet may have been changed from the original 2
18 Rates of reactions
OCR Chemistry A Follow-up sheet

3 In the Rates of reaction practical you completed the following table:

Volume of Volume of distilled Average rate


Volume of B/cm3 Time t/s
A/cm3 water/cm3 1/t/s1
40 40 0
40 20 20
40 10 30
40 5 35
a Justify why you cannot comment on the reliability of these data.

(3 marks)

b Suggest how you could comment on the reliability of these data.

(2 marks)

c Explain how you can comment on the accuracy of these data.

(3 marks)

d Explain how results could be considered reliable but not accurate.

(2 marks)

© Oxford University Press 2016 http://www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements


This resource sheet may have been changed from the original 3

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