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Line number
1. Visitors to Britain are sometimes surprised to learn that newspapers there have such a
2. large circulation. British families generally buy a newspaper every morning, and
3. frequently take two or three on Sundays, but the large circulation figures are not only
4. due to the Englishman’s thirst for news.
5. Because these newspapers are published nationally, copies can be delivered
6. everywhere at the same time. Though people abroad often know the names of the national
7. papers, they seldom realize that there is another branch of the British press which sells almost as
8. many copies.
9. Local newspapers have a weekly circulation of 13 million. Almost every town and
10. country area has one and many of them are very profitable. These papers are written
11. almost entirely for readers interested in local events - births, weddings, deaths, council
12. meetings and sport competitions. Editors prefer to rely on a small staff of people who all
13. know the district and its inhabitants very well. The editor must never forget that the success of
14. any newspaper depends on advertising. He is usually anxious to keep the good will of local
15. businessmen for this reason. But if the newspaper is well-written and the news items have been
16. chosen to attract local readers, the businessmen are grateful for the opportunity to keep their
17. products in the public eye.
18. Local newspapers do not often comment on problems of national importance. These
19. papers often sound rather dull and it seems surprising that they all make profit. But for many
20. people in small towns and villages the death of someone known to them or the installation of
21. traffic lights at a busy corner nearby can sometimes be more important than a disaster in a
22. foreign country.
2
2 Newspapers have a large circulation in Britain because
a) maths
b) images
c) numbers
d) ornaments
a) the editor
b) a local newspaper
c) a national newspaper
d) a reader
3
8 The word anxious in line 14 can be replaced by
a) unaware
b) refused
c) upset
d) concerned
Like other products of human ingenuity, pencils (11)__________ be invented. Before the
first half of the 16th century, people (12)__________ pens to write with and brushes to paint
with. It was also possible to use a metal stick to make faint marks on paper. However, up to
that point no one (13)__________ an easy way to make marks that (14)__________. Then,
some time before 1565, a large deposit of the chemical graphite was found in England. Soon,
tales of this unusual soft substance spread to artists around the world, who (15)__________ to
use it to produce works of art.
11
a) shouldn’t
b) had to
c) ought
d) couldn’t
12
a) have used
b) are used
c) used
d) were used
4
13
a) would find
b) had been found
c) have found
d) had found
14
a) could be erased
b) are erased
c) are erasing
d) have erased
15
a) had been eager
b) were eager
c) will be eager
d) have been eager
In 1859, a man Waterman S. Bodey by name (16) _________ gold in California. Shortly
after, people began to pour into the area, and a town grew up near the spot where gold
(17)_________. The people called the town Bodie. They preferred that spelling of Bodey’s
name. In the early 1880s, 10,000 people (18) _________ in the town; many of them were
looking for gold. With so many gold seekers living there, Bodie became one of the wildest
towns in the West. By the 1890s, however, people were leaving Bodie because the supply of
gold (19)_________ out. The town of Bodie – what is left of it – now belongs to the state of
California. It is a state historic park. Many visitors to the town consider Bodie to be an
important historic monument. They think the town helps them to understand the past. When
people see the old buildings, they (20)_________ imagine what life was like more than 100
years ago.
16
a) had found
b) finds
c) found
d) has found
17
a) had been found
b) is found
c) found
d) would find
5
18
a) live
b) would live
c) were living
d) has been living
19
a) has been running
b) ran
c) had run
d) is running
20
a) can
b) have to
c) must
d) ought to
In the twentieth century, architects in large cities designed structures in a way that
(21)__________noise. They used such techniques as making walls hollow and filling this wall
space with materials that hide noise. Thick carpets and heavy curtains (22)__________to cover
floors and windows. However, after much time and effort spent in making buildings less noisy,
it (23)__________ that people also reacted in an unfriendly way to the lack of sound.
Now architects (24)__________ structures that reduce undesirable noise but keep the kind of
noise that people seem to need.
21
a) were reducing
b) have been reducing
c) had reduced
d) reduced
22
a) have been using
b) will be used
c) were used
d) would be used
23
a) was discovered
b) has discovered
c) discovered
d) will be discovered
6
24
a) had designed
b) design
c) designed
d) will design
a) being appointed
b) to appoint
c) appointing
d) to be appointed
a) much of
b) many
c) lot
d) a lot of
a) to have it enlarged
b) to have enlarged
c) to have it enlarge
d) to make it enlarged
7
29 “It was reported in the newspaper that _________ killed during the riot last night
was fifteen.”
a) you going
b) to go
c) going
d) being gone
31 “I have observed that you don’t pay attention to the rules when crossing the street.”
“The point is that I __________ the rules of it, I have just arrived in this country.”
a) haven’t any
b) has a
c) have the
d) has no
a) most talented
b) the more talented
c) the most talent
d) more talent
8
34 “It is not very cold. I don’t think we need these big jackets.”
“I don’t think so, __________.”
a) too
b) anyway
c) either
d) neither
a) to take
b) taking
c) his taking
d) take
a) Nor don’t I
b) So don’t I
c) Neither do I
d) So I don’t
9
39 “You _____ be very good at tennis, did you?”
“No, I am not so keen on tennis.”
a) didn’t use
b) never used to
c) got used to
d) are used to
40
a) develop
b) developing
c) development
d) developed
41
a) patientless
b) patient
c) patiently
d) impatient
42
a) strengthless
b) strengthened
c) strengthening
d) strengthens
10
43
a) improvement
b) improved
c) improve
d) improving
44
a) chemicals
b) chemistry
c) chemically
d) chemical
46 It was in 1875 __________ joined the staff of the astronomical observatory at Harvard
University.
47 __________ they are tropical birds, parrots can live in temperate or even cold climates.
a) But
b) Even though
c) Despite
d) Nevertheless
11
49 I wasn't disappointed when I lost, _________, I hadn't even expected to get as far as I had in
the competition.
a) providing
b) consequently
c) though
d) moreover
51
1. “Why aren’t you going back to New York, William?” Mariah asks.
Mariah asks William if he is going back to New York.
2. Gabriela said, “I can’t finish my work today.”
Gabriela said that she couldn’t finish her work that day.
3. Ronald asked, “Where does Maria park her car?”
Ronald asked where Maria parked her car.
4. “No, I didn’t drop Cathy’s laptop,” said George.
George said no, he didn’t drop Cathy’s laptop.
5. Mary asked Helen if she would like to come to lunch on Sunday.
“Helen, will you like to come to lunch on Sunday?” asks Mary.
52
1. The director asked the boys what they were doing there.
“What are the boys doing here?” the director asked.
2. The professor said, “The students missed a great deal last term.”
The professor said to the students that they had missed a great deal last term.
3. Doctor Reagan asked, “How do you feel today?”
Doctor Reagan wanted to know how I felt that day.
4. “Will you be present at the conference tomorrow?” Jim asked Leo.
Jim asked Leo if he would be present at the conference the following day.
5. His teacher said to him, “Come back in ten minutes. We are going to begin the
discussion.”
His teacher told him come back in ten minutes as we were going to begin the discussion.
12
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54
55
13
VII. î»Õ³¹ñ»É µ³é»ñÁ ѳٳï»ùëïáõÙ` µáí³Ý¹³ÏáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ѳٳå³ï³ëË³Ý (ïñí³Í
µ³é»ñÇó »ñÏáõëÝ ³í»Éáñ¹ »Ý):
Fill in each gap with an appropriate word from the list below (two odd variants are
given).
56
City centre parking is expensive and many important roads are now closed to private
transport. This would be fine if public transport was __________ and convenient, but it is
neither. The result is that people are avoiding the city centre so restaurants, cinemas and shops
are closing.
The motorcyclist drew __________ and I heard abusive language as he banged on the
car roof. I __________ locked the car doors and tried to work out what was wrong. He then
shouted that I had almost collided with him. To tell the truth, I didn't see him until now. I
tried to apologize but he wouldn't listen.
They now have cars that run on __________, solar power and even on vegetable oil.
New petrol engines are super efficient and make less harmful emissions. More people are
working from home because of __________ in communication technology and computer
security. At last we have some grounds for optimism.
57
1. The concert ought to start at 7:30, oughtn’t it?
2. She’s recommended him as a suitable candidate for that post, isn’t she?
3. Do you know that light travels faster than sound?
4. It’s difficult to decide between these two candidates, isn’t it?
5. He’s always been interested in literature, isn’t he?
58
59
14
60
1. Have you found the article or are you still looking through the journals?
2. The two brothers differ in their judgment of this piece of music, don’t they?
3. Why do you think Ruby wants to talk to me?
4. Does your sister work as hard as you are?
5. Never represent yourself as perfect, do you?
61
1. There’s nothing in that box, is there?
2. Everybody was eager to take part in the discussion, wasn’t he?
3. Can you tell me where can I find Dr Mortimer?
4. Do you agree that the destruction of that system is really inevitable?
5. Does your sister dance as gracefully as you are?
62
I went to school in a large village called Kimbolton in the county of Cambridgeshire. In
recent years I have been reminded __________my time there by, strangely enough, the Harry
Potter books by J.K. Rowling. The first and most obvious reason is that Kimbolton is a castle
school; just __________Hogwarts is the castle school for Harry and his friends.
Hogwarts is of course filled__________ ghosts, such as Sir Nicholas de Mimsy
Porpington or better known as Nearly Headless Nick. But Kimbolton also has a reputation
__________ being haunted and in fact lays claim to a very famous ghost. This is Katherine of
Aragon , the first wife of Henry V. She was sent there in April 1634 after refusing to accept
the legality of Henry's divorce proceedings. When I arrived there as a first year in September
1971, I was told that her ghost was often seen , but only from the knees upwards. This, I was
told, was because she walked on the original rather than the later modern floors. I am ashamed
to confess that at times we set__________"ghostly" tricks to scare our friends. These usually
involved almost invisible fishing lines being used to "mysteriously" open and close cupboards
or move chairs.
15
X. ÀÝïñ»É ³ÛÝ Ý³Ë³¹³ëáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ áñáնցում կա ավելորդ բառ:
Choose the sentences with an odd word.
63
1. Many people in Britain – whom like George Davis and his supporters, want some
changes to be made in the law.
2. The student finally found the best answer to that difficult question.
3. Clothes made of cotton are better for summer than those made of wool.
4. The woman examined the girl from head to the foot and smiled.
5. Despite of all my efforts I failed to persuade him to join us.
64
1. Licenses may be refused to people with physical or mental illnesses.
2. During a Hindu wedding ceremony a small mark of red paste is placed on the bride’s
forehead to show she is a married woman.
3. In many states in the USA marriages between first cousins or people more closely related
are forbidden.
4. State laws determine if who may get a marriage license.
5. Most states of require medical examination and certificates before issuing a marriage
license.
65
1. At the beginning of May, he was left for the United States.
2. I didn’t know you wouldn’t be coming; at least you could have telephoned me.
3. She used to visit her friend when she has lived in London.
4. We had better to send the letter today and receive the answer as soon as possible.
5. When a country is in an early step of development, so investments in fixed capital are
vital.
66
1. I will never forget of visiting those wonderful places in the Netherlands last summer.
2. The Queen Victoria was the youngest queen to sit on the throne of England.
3. Almost of all dictionaries have information about pronunciation.
4. Guests to traditional German weddings bring the happy couple any type of porcelain except glass.
5. The more we look after ourselves, the less we need doctors to look after us.
67
1. The first professional baseball game took place in 1846 when the New York Nine
defeated the New York Knickers.
2. His remark was so funny that I couldn’t help from laughing.
3. Some of plants use the sun’s energy instead of burning coal or oil.
4. More than 20 million people throughout the world died from influenza in 1918.
5. Labels in your clothes tell you how long to care for those clothes.
16
XI. îñí³Í ݳ˳¹³ëáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó áñá±Ýù »Ý Ïñ³íáñ³Ï³Ý ë»éáí ×Çßï Ó¨³Ï»ñåí³Í:
Choose the correctly formulated Passive constructions.
68
1. On November 6, 2012, Obama was re-elected for his second term as President of the
United States.
2. The temple of Garni had been built long before Christianity was adopted.
3. Leadership does not rest on the exercise of force alone.
4. Small nations often have to combine against the power of a large one.
5. We can cure an upset stomach by drinking two teaspoons Apple Cider Vinegar in one cup
water.
69
1. Key’s poem was set to the tune of a popular British song written by John Stafford Smith.
2. Grandmother’s parcel had been received the day before.
3. Were many guests invited to your birthday party?
4. This expression is commonly used in informal, conversational English.
5. The manager had received a letter marked ‘personal’.
70
1. The Nile, the world’s longest river, stretches north for about 4,000 miles from East Africa
to the Mediterranean.
2. This music seems to have heard from the next room.
3. Your drinks will be brought in a moment.
4. The police have issued a description of the burglar.
5. The motorbike George rode in the race was lent to him by Tom.
71
1. The song was performed by Lusine Zakarian, one of the best performers of liturgical
music.
2. If you had taken the medicine, it might have helped you.
3. This easy work can be done without anybody’s help.
4. He has been told everything, without concealing the facts.
5. He managed to convince the jury of his innocence.
72
1. The distinctive feature of the Betsy Ross flag is the arrangement of the stars in a circle.
2. Everybody was impressed by the wonderful play.
3. These machines are operated by electricity.
4. Cases have been reported of men over 120 getting married and having children.
5. A big snowman is making by the schoolchildren.
17
XII. гٳå³ï³ë˳ݻóÝ»É µ³é»ñÁ ¨ ë³ÑÙ³ÝáõÙÝ»ñÁ:
Match the words and their definitions.
73
74
75
76
A) Shy 1) embarrassed in the company of other people
B) Sociable 2) certain about your abilities
C) Confident 3) having a strong sense of humour
D) Caring 4) willing to talk and engage in activities with other
people
5) displaying kindness and concern for others
18
XIII. гٳå³ï³ë˳ݻóÝ»É Ý³Ë³¹³ëáõÃÛ³Ý »ñÏáõ Ù³ë»ñÁ:
Match the beginning and the end of the sentences.
77
78
A) The most common jobs for a woman 1) babysitting, washing and cleaning the house.
of her age are 2) and these days people use instant messaging
B) In the past teens usually spent a lot of to talk to friends.
money on sweets, but now 3) it means some of them are working.
C) Most of the boys and girls in my class 4) spend a lot of free time on computer games.
seem to 5) sitting in front of a computer for hours.
D) I prefer texting my friends on my 6) they spend most of it on mobile phone cards.
mobile – I hate
79
A) Carnegie supported education; he gave 1) to build more than 2,000 public libraries.
money 2) without having asked for it.
B) Carnegie learned that when a company 3) become a philanthropist, a person
performed well, who gives money to good causes.
C) During his lifetime he gave away 90 4) to give their money back to others in society.
percent of his fortune 5) so that by the time he died he’d given away
D) He believed that wealthy people were more than 350 million dollars.
morally obligated 6) it paid dividends out of its profits.
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