INTRODUCTION

Teachers generally use a digital projector, in conjunction with a

laptop or desktop computer, to project the computer screen image
on to a screen or wall. Digital projectors are extremely useful and
effective teaching tools that facilitate a range of learning
opportunities when connected to a desktop computer in whole class
teaching scenarios. In addition further functionality is achieved by
using the projector with a wireless mouse/keyboard, wireless slate,
a visualiser (ref’ Advice sheet 36), or an interactive whiteboard (ref’
Advice Sheet 16). Short throw and Ultra Short throw projectors are
recommended by NCTE for new installations in general classrooms,
computer rooms, labs and workshops as they provide a number of
advantages over conventional long throw projectors. An NCTE
schools procurement framework exists for Digital Projectors to
simplify the process of purchasing for schools.

Definition of Digital Projector

Projectors are optical output devices that enable a roomful of people

to see visuals generated by a single computer. As their name
suggests, projectors "project" still or moving images onto a screen,
blank wall, or other surface. Digital projectors first came onto the
market in the early 2000's and have now almost completely
replaced older, pre-digital models. They are typically used for
presentations, watching movies, or as a teaching aid, and usually
connect to the computer via the HDMI port.

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 Conceptual clarification

Types of Projector

Projector that is always used turns out to have several types of

projectors. Users can determine the projector according to the
needs to be used. there are some types of projectors

1. Digital Projector: Digital Projector is a technological device

used to convert image data directly from a computer to a
screen through a lens system. Digital projectors provide
visualization of data that is actually stored on a computer for
presentation. This projector allows viewers to watch moving
images from a DVD. Digital projectors have an important role
in forming a home theater system. This projector uses the
SVGA resolution standard. e. 800,600 pixels. The cost of the
projector is determined by the resolution and brightness. If
you are going to use it in a large room or a large conference
hall that has brightness from 1,000 to 4,000 ANSI lumens.
The first digital projector, the projector Eidophor was
introduced in 1950. Eidopher projector uses an oily surface on
a rotating disk with light shining through it and employs an
electron beam to disrupt oil in certain ways. The Eidopher
projector cannot produce color. Currently there are several
models of high quality digital projectors available in the
market so that projector Eidopher is less common.
2. LCD Projector Works based on the principle of refraction of
light produced by LCD panels. This panel is made separately

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 based on the basic colors, red, green and blue (R-G-B). So
there are three LCD panels in a projector. The color of the
image issued by the projector is the result of refraction from
the LCD panels that have been specially integrated. Some of
the images that have been put together are then passed
through the lens and displayed on the screen so that it can be
seen as a complete picture. Image produced by the LCD
projector has a good color level because the color produced if
the LCD panel is directly refracted to the screen on the lens. In
addition the image on the LCD projector is also sharper than
the results of the DLP projector image. Another advantage of
LCD is the use of more efficient light so that it can produce
"ANSI lumens" which is higher than the projector with DLP
technology. While the weakness of LCD technology is the large
pixel that is clearly visible in the image. This is why LCD
technology is less suitable for playing movies because it will
feel like seeing a movie from behind a blocked eye.
3. CRT projector: CRT or often called KatodaRay Tubeyang
utilizes an old projector picture tube that has been used on
conventional TV for decades. With this type of projector, three
CRTs, plus a magnifying lens, are used to throw an image onto
the screen. The CRT is used to project the main colors, red,
blue and green. The existence of three different colored tubes
in a CRT projector, making this projector quite large and
heavy. So it is considered less flexible to be used in
presentations in small spaces. This kind of projector works

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 well to produce great contrast, very different blacks, and large
colors. because the images are not scanned with electron
beams, they are not limited to a certain range and offer greater
latitude pixels in terms of screen resolution. Overall, a CRT
projector provides a very satisfying user, on the image quality
of the film. Unlike DLP and LCP models, the CRT projector
does not have a light bulb that requires replacement, which
saves consumers money.
4. Digital Light Processing Projector: The first DLP was
developed by Texas Instrument. In DLP, light will first be
about a wheel-shaped Color Filter. Then the colors obtained
will be about Digital Micromirror Devices (DMD). From DMD,
then the light will be projected by reflecting it onto the screen.
DMD is an optical chip consisting of three layers of micro
mirrors, each layer separated by an air cavity that allows the
mirror to tilt as far as -10 to +10 degrees. The slope of each
DMD mirror will be governed by a special chip in DMD. The
existence of DMD makes DLP only require an optical set. This
simplicity makes DLP projectors more compact and
lightweight. The weight can reach less than 250 grams.
Contrast Ratiod and DLP pixel structure are also better. This
is caused by the transmisive system owned by DLP. Although
on some sides DLP is better than LCD, DLP also has
disadvantages. Using the color wheel on DLP reduces the
projector's brightness value. DLP has a very different way of
working with LCD. One of the differences in DLP is the

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 presence of a DLP chip (also called DMD-Digital Micro Device).
On this DLP chip there is a microsized mirror (one millionth)
made of aluminum and serves to fix the light to form the
image. This mirror can move to bend light up.

Objectives of Projector

The objectives of a projector as a learning media is motivating

students, stimulating students to remember the subjects that
have been given, and stimulating students to be active in the
class12 Operating a projector requires and uses a computer or
laptop. Usually computer programs designed with power point
programs. Some things teachers need to prepare in learning to
use a projector are:

1). Teachers can already operate the projector and computer.

2) Include important points in power point

3) Use attractive colors.

4) Use enough animation to not disturb.

5) Avoid using sound in animation because it will interfere with

the conversation of the facilitator.

6) Use animated images

7) Use photos.

8) Use short films if possible.

9) Immediately minimized if the power point is not used.

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 10) One minute one-slide principle.

11) Don’t use many slides in each session, a maximum of 20

slides.

Resolution
The resolution of the data projector is another major factor. The
resolution of computer screens has tended to increase in recent
years. A computer screen resolution of 800 X 600 is referred to as
SVGA, while a screen of 1024 X 768 is referred to as XGA. Data
projectors will typically project their own native resolution, but will
also compress a higher resolution. This compression will result in
some loss of definition. Since most school computers will be XGA
resolution, and nearly all laptops have XGA or higher, projectors
with XGA resolution or better are strongly recommended. A digital
projector should automatically detect the resolution and type
(analogue or digital) of incoming video signal (from the computer)
and adjust accordingly. It may be worthwhile to check different
resolutions when purchasing a data projector to see what is the
optimum resolution for the classroom. Most modern projectors do
this.

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Image of a projector

Uses of Digital Projector

1. Education: Used in classrooms and lecture halls for

presentations, slideshows, and interactive lessons.

2. Business: Utilized in meetings, conferences, and seminars for

displaying slides, videos, and other multimedia content.

3. Entertainment: Employed in home theaters, cinemas, and

public screenings for projecting movies and videos.

4. Advertising: Used in digital signage and large-scale

advertisements in public spaces.

5. Events and Exhibitions: Applied in trade shows, art exhibits,

and public displays for dynamic visual presentations.

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 6. Gaming: Enhances the gaming experience by projecting large-
scale images for an immersive experience.

Advantages of Digital Projectors

1. High-Quality Images: Provide sharp and clear images with

high resolution and color accuracy.

2. Large Display Size: Can project large images, making it

suitable for large audiences.

3. Portability: Many models are lightweight and portable,

making them easy to set up and use in different locations.

4. Versatility: Compatible with various input sources such as

computers, Blu-ray players, gaming consoles, and USB drives.

5. Ease of Use: Generally easy to set up and operate with user-

friendly interfaces.

6. Cost-Effective: Can be more cost-effective for displaying large

images compared to large TV screens.

Disadvantages of Digital Projectors

1. Ambient Light Sensitivity: Image quality can be significantly

affected by ambient light, requiring darkened rooms for
optimal performance.

2. Maintenance: Require regular maintenance, such as lamp

replacement and cleaning of filters and lenses.

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 3. Shorter Lifespan of Bulbs: Projector bulbs have a limited
lifespan and can be expensive to replace.

4. Setup and Calibration: May require careful setup and

calibration to achieve the best image quality.

5. Noise and Heat: Projectors can generate heat and noise,

which can be distracting in quiet environments.

6. Initial Cost: High-quality projectors can be expensive, and

additional costs for screens and sound systems may be
necessary.

Conclusion

Digital projectors have become critical to the integration of ICT in

learning and teaching in schools. Along with a PC or laptop they
can be used with a wide range of interactive ICT devices such as
visualisers, wireless mouse and keyboard, wireless slates and
interactive whiteboards. Recent technology advances in short throw
and ultra short throw digital projectors virtually eliminate presenter
shadow effects and glare on the screen when presenting

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 REFERENCES

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Benefit of Using Multimedia Projector in English Language
Teaching Classroom. International Journal of Social Sciences
& Humanities.

Hubungan Media Pembelajaran LCD Proyektor dan Motivasi Belajar

dengan Prestasi Belajar Siswa SMA Negeri Ngemplak Boyolali
Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014. Journal Anthropology Sociology
Education. Surakarta: University of Sebelas Maret Surakarta.

Munir.2008. Kurikulum Berbasis Teknologi dan Informasi.

Bandung: Alfabeta. Munthe, Bermawy. 2009. Desain
Pembelajaran. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Insan Madani.

Wingersky. 1999. Writing Paragraph and Essays Integrating

Reading, Writing, and Grammar Skills (Third Edition).
London: Wadsworth Publishing Co.

Wooley, G. 2011. Projector Comprehension: Asisting Children with

Learning Difficulties. Australia: Springer.

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