CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION
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(Source : PMBOK Guide)

Raymond Fraig
PMP,PMI-RMP, M.Sc.E., B.Eng.
All rights reserved – Raymond Fraig, PMP -01003989333 – [email protected]
 Contents
 PMBOK Guide.
 What is a Project ?
 What is Project Management ?
 Portfolio, Program and Project Management .
 Project and Strategic Planning.
 Project Management Office.
 Project Management and Operations Management.
 Organizations and Project Management.
 Business Value.
 Role of a Project Manager.
 PMBOK Guide
 PMBOK guides stands for:
Project
Management
Body of Knowledge.

 A recognized standard for the project management profession.

 The knowledge contained in this standard evolved from the
recognized good practices of project management practitioners
who contributed to the development of this standard.
 The knowledge and practices described are applicable to most
projects most of the time, and there is a consensus about their
value and usefulness.
 What is a Project ?
 A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to
create a unique product, service, or result. (PMBOK,2013)
o Temporary
o Has a definite beginning and end, not an ongoing effort.
o The end is reached when the project’s objectives have been achieved
or the project is terminated.
o Temporary does not mean a short duration.
o Temporary does not generally apply to the product, service, or result
created by the project.
 What is a Project ?
o Unique
o The product or service is different in some way from other products
or services, although repetitive elements may be present in some
projects (buildings).
o There may be uncertainties (risks) about the project, which
necessitates more professional management than routine work.
 What is a Project ?
 A project can create :
o A product that can be either a component of another item or
an end item in itself.
o A capability to perform a service (business function that
supports production).
o A result such as an outcome or document (research
project).
 What is Project Management ?
 Project Management has been probably existed in the
beginning of history in some form or another !!
 The construction of Pyramids must have utilized Project
Management in a certain manner.
 Modern Project Management started in military applications in
1940s and 1950s.
 Techniques were then transferred to Civil Engineering , then to
other specialties.
 Project Management became one of the majors in highly
ranked universities.
What is Project Management
?
PMI Definition:

“The application of Knowledge , Skills,

Tools, and Techniques to Project activities
to meet the Project requirements”.
 Project Management
Processes
 47 logically grouped project management processes.
 10 Knowledge Areas.

 Integration, Scope, Time,

 Cost, Quality, Human Recourses,
 Communications, Risk, Procurement.
 Stakeholder (new)

 5 Process Groups.
 Initiating, Planning, Executing,
 Monitoring and Controlling, Closing.
Note:
Project Management is an iterative approach and is progressively elaborated
(detailed) through the project life cycle as more information become available.
Portfolio, Program and Project Management
Portfolio, Program and Project Management

 Program Management
o A group of related projects, subprograms and program activities
managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not
available from managing them individually.

o Projects within a program are related through the common outcome or

collective capability.

o Focuses on the project interdependencies helps to determine the

optimal approach for managing them.
Portfolio, Program and Project Management

 Portfolio Management
o A collection of projects, programs, subportfolios and operations
managed as a group to achieve strategic business objectives.

o The projects or programs of the portfolio may not be necessarily

interdependent or directly related.

o Identifying, prioritizing, authorizing, managing, and controlling

projects and programs, to achieve specific strategic business
objectives.
Portfolio, Program and Project
Management
 Project and Strategic
Planning
 Projects are often utilized to achieve objectives within an
organization’s strategic plan, they are usually utilized as a
result of:
o Market demand ( economic car design)
o Business need (upsizing of an organization)
o Social need (Bibliotheca Alexandrina)
o Environmental Consideration (water treatment)
o Customer Request
o Technological advance (Samsung Vs. Apple)
o Legal requirement (infra structure)
 Project Management Office
 A project Management Office (PMO):
is a structure that standardizes the project-related governance
processed and facilities of sharing resources, methodologies,
tools and techniques among an organizations.
 Its role may be supportive (consultative),Controlling or
Directive (higher degree of control).
 PMO’s Primary function is to support PM in :
o Managing shared resources across projects in its domain
o Project Management methodology, best practices and standards
o Coaching ,mentoring, training and oversight
o Project policies, procedures and templates
o Project audits
o Managing communications across projects
 Project Management and Operations
Management

 Operations management is responsible for overseeing,

directing, and controlling business operations.

 Operations evolve to support the day-to-day business, and are

necessary to achieve strategic and tactical goals of the
business.

 Examples include: production operations, manufacturing

operations, accounting operations, software support, and
maintenance.
 Project Management and Operations
Management
 Changes in business operations may be the focus of a
dedicated project (Modifying a production line).

 Ongoing operations are outside of the scope of a project.

 Projects can intersect with operations at various points during

the product life cycle, such as:
o At each closeout phase;
o When developing a new product, upgrading a product, or expanding
outputs;
o While improving operations or the product development process.
 Project Management and
Operations Management
Operational Stakeholders in Project Management
 They must be appropriately engaged in all project phases to
express their needs and to define their influence (+ve or –ve).

 Examples of operational Stakeholders:

o Plant operators.
o Manufacturing line supervisors.
o Help desk staff.
o Production system support analysts.
o Customer service representative.
 Business Value

 Business value is a concept that is unique to each organization.

 Business value is defined as the entire value of the business; the
total sum of all tangible and intangible elements.
 Value may be created through the effective management of
ongoing operations.
 Through the effective use of portfolio, program, and project
management, organizations will possess the ability to employ
reliable, established processes to meet strategic objectives and
obtain greater business value from their project investments.
 Role of a Project Manager
 PM is the person assigned by the performing organization to
achieve the project objectives.
o Keep the project with in (Scope, Cost and Time) control.
o Manage stakeholders different needs and expectations.
o Coordinate activities and managing the resources by integrating 5 major
high level process groups (Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and
Controlling, Closing).
 Knowledge > Project Management.
 Personal Skills
o Effective communication, negotiation and conflict resolution.
o Leadership, team building and motivating.
o Problem solving , analysis , creative thinking..
o Balancing the project constraints.
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