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(Edited) LESSON 1

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29 views4 pages

(Edited) LESSON 1

Uploaded by

Mary Sunshine Evangelista
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Science in Context

LESSON 1
Uses of Models

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to
 (R-Remembering) State the uses of models
 (U-Understanding) Describe the different scientific models
 (A-Apply) Create a scientific model

I. JUMPSTART

INSTRUCTION:

II. LESSON PROPER

Chunk 1
Introduction
In science, a model is a representation of an idea, an object or even a
process or a system that is used to describe and explain phenomena that
cannot be experienced directly. Models are central to what scientists do, both
in their research as well as when communicating their explanations.

Why scientist use models?


Models have a variety of uses – from providing a way of explaining complex
data to presenting as a hypothesis. There may be more than one model
proposed by scientists to explain or predict what might happen in particular
circumstances. Often scientists will argue about the ‘rightness’ of their model,
and in the process, the model will evolve or be rejected.
Consequently, models are central to the process of knowledge-building in
science and demonstrate how science knowledge is tentative. Think about a
model showing the Earth – a globe. Until 2005, globes were always an artist’s
representation of what we thought the planet looked like. (In 2005, the first
globe using satellite pictures from NASA was produced.) The first known globe to
be made (in 150BC) was not very accurate. The globe was constructed in
Greece so perhaps only showed a small amount of land in Europe, and it
wouldn’t have had Australia, China or New Zealand on it! As the amount of
knowledge has built up over hundreds of years, the model has improved until,
by the time a globe made from real images was produced, there was no
noticeable difference between the representation and the real thing.
Chunk 2
Scientific Models

A scientific model is a representation of real-world phenomena. Scientists,


educators, and learners all use scientific models to understand the
phenomenon in question better. Using models can also help scientists make
predictions based on data collected about a particular phenomenon for how it
may behave.

Some examples of scientific models include:

● Diagrams - A scientific diagram is a picture which shows exactly how an


experiment has been set up. They aren't supposed to look like realistic
sketches and are drawn in two dimensions. They need to be very clear,
precise and easy to understand.

● Physical 3D model - Three-dimensional (3D) models represent a physical


body using a collection of points in 3D space, connected by various
geometric entities such as triangles, lines, curved surfaces, etc.

- Students can use 3D models to visualize and explore scientific


concepts before applying their knowledge in real-world scenarios.
This can help to prepare students for careers in science and
technology, giving them a hands-on understanding of the scientific
principles they will need to apply in their future work.

● Computer simulations- the use of a computer to represent the dynamic


responses of one system by the behaviour of another system modeled
after it. A simulation uses a mathematical description, or model, of a real
system in the form of a computer program.

What is the advantage of using models in science?

Models can help you visualize, or picture in your mind, something that is
difficult to see or understand. Models can help scientists communicate their
ideas, understand processes, and make predictions. The chart below shows
examples of what models can represent.

Models can represent . . . Example

objects that are too small to see Model of an atom or a cell

objects that are too big to see Model of the planets

objects that no longer exist Model of a dinosaur


objects that have not yet been Prototype models such as a model of
invented a robot

events that occur too slowly to Model of mountain formation


see

events that occur too fast to see Model to predict an earthquake

events that have yet to happen Models of weather systems

What are the limitations of models?

● They are simplified versions.

● They can be interrupted in many different ways.

● They do not always cover everything in detail and can miss vital details.

● Mistakes may be made in the programming or rules of the simulation or


model.

● The cost of a simulation model can be high.

● Time may be needed to make sense of the results.

● People’s reactions to the model or simulation might not be realistic or


reliable.

III. GRADED ACTIVITY

WRITTEN WORK 1
A. Identification

1. It is a representation of real-world phenomena.

2. A picture which shows exactly how an experiment has been set up.
3. The use of a computer to represent the dynamic responses of one
system by the behaviour of another system modeled after it.
4. Three-dimensional (3D) models represent a physical body using a
collection of points in 3D space.
5. A ________ is a representation of an idea, an object or even a process
or a system that is used to describe and explain phenomena that
cannot be experienced directly.
B. True or False

6. Models can help you visualize, or picture in your mind, something that
is difficult to see or understand.

7. Models can also help scientists make predictions based on data


collected about a particular phenomenon for how it may behave.

8. One of the advantages of using scientific model is the low cost for the
materials needed.

9. Mistakes may be made in the programming or rules of the simulation or


model.
10. A scientific 3D model is a picture which shows exactly how an
experiment has been set up.

PERFORMANCE TASK 1

Instructions:
1. Make a diagram using any body system. Put a label on each part of the
diagram. Do it on a bond paper.
2. Capture a photo of it and upload it in your Google Drive.
3. Copy the link and paste it in the online text box.
4. Make sure that the “Anyone with the link” is clicked before you paste the
link into the activity text box.

RUBRICS
Quality of Content 5 points

Accuracy of Content 5 points

Design 5 points

TOTAL 15 points

WRITTEN WORK 1 Key to correction

1. scientific model
2. Diagram/diagrams
3. Computer Simulations
4. Physical 3D model
5. Model
6. True
7. True
8. False
9. True
10. False

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