MORE PRACTICE PROBLEMS & TERMS IN POWER PLANTS

POWERPLANT

1. Present natural gas reserves in the United States are estimated to contain 452 quads of energy. The
present peak electric power demand is 450 GW. If the power consumption growth rate is 6.5 percent per
year, and 22 percent of the total energy consumption is to be supplied by natural gas, approximately
how long will these natural gas reserves last?
A 33.8 years B 34.8 years C 35.8 years D 36.8 years

2. Estimate the average power output of a wind turbine having a blade diameter of 35 ft if the wind
velocity ranges from 10 to 30 ml/h
A.42.2 KW B. 8.32.2 W C22.2 kW D.12.2 kW

3. The maximum tidel head available for a proposed tidal-power station is 6m. What must be the area of
the tidal bay to generate an average of 1000MW of power?
A. 126.8 m² B. 8 146.8 m² C. 136.8 m² D . 116.8 m²

4. A certain amount of fuel contains 15 x 100 Btu of energy. What is the corresponding energy in
kilocalories?
A. 3.78 x 10 kcal B. 3.28 x 10 kcal C. 3.38 x 10 kcal D. 3.58 x 10 kcal

5. A certain amount of fuel can produce 10 quads of energy. In how many days will the fuel be totally
consumed if it is used to satisfy a demand of 10 Btu/day at a power plant with an overall efficiency of 20
percent?
A. 200 days B. 250 days C. 220 days D. 210 days
6. A 90 percent efficient electric motor operating an elevator lifts a 10-ton load through a height of 60 ft.
Calculate the energy required by the motor to do so
A 1.81 MO B.1.51 MD C 1.21 MI D 1.11 MO

7. A deep well pumps water into an open reservoir at the rate of 100 gpm. The water table is 200 ft
below the output pipe, The system has an overall efficiency of 70%. What shall be minimum hp o of the
pump?
A. 5.3 hp B. 8.7 hp C. 12.4 hp D. 7.2 hp

8. A small wind generator is designed to generate 50 kW of 25 mi/h, What wind velocity of 25 power at a
wind blade diameter? is the approximate blade diameter.
A.36 ft B. 16 ft C6 ft D.26 ft

9. One million cubic meters of water is stored in reservoir feeding a water turbine. If the center of mass
of the water is 50m above the turbine and losses are negligible, how much energy (in megawatthours)
will that volume of water produce? The density of water is 993 kg/m³ C135.3 MWh
A.125.3 MWh B.145.3 MWh C. 135.3 MWh D.155.3 MWh

10. Coal reserves in the eastern United States sare estimated to contain 2250 quads of energy. If the
energy content of this coal is 11,500 Btu/lb, determine the approximate weight of the coal reserve
A. 6.78 x 10 x10 tons B. 7.78 x 1010 tons C. 8.78 x 10 tons D. 9.78 x 1000 tons

11. A power plant consumes 3600 tons of coal per day. If the coal has an average energy content of
10,000 Btu/lb, what is the plant's power output? Assume an overall efficiency of 15 percent .
A 122 MW B. 102 MW C. 112 MW D. 132 MW
12. A hydroelectric station has a turbine efficiency of 80% and a generator efficiency of 85%. Determine
the volume of water required when delivering a load of 40 MW for 6 hours if its effective head is 120 m.
Water weighs 1200 kg/m³.
A . 899,424 m² B. 945,352 m² C. 845,041 m² D. 13. A 100 MW

13. A 100 MW hydroelectric station is supplying full load for 10 hrs in a day. Calculate the volume of
water, which has been used. Assume effective head of the water as 200 m and the overall efficiency of
the station as 80%. Assume 1 m² of water in 1000kg
A. 2,232,435 m² B. 2.345,456 m² C. 2,293.560 m² D. 2,371,402 m²

14. A waterfall is 60 meters high. It discharges at a constant rate of 1.0 cubic meter per second. A mini-
hydroelectric hydro plant is to be constructed below the waterfalls. The turbine efficiency is 80% and the
generator efficiency is 95%. Calculate the kW output of the generator.
A. 447.34 W B. 457.27 kW C. 464.22 kW D. 471.30 kW

15. A coal power plant has an over-all plant efficiency of 28%. Coal with a heating value per lb. What is
the fuel cost of producing one kW-hr?
A. Php1.90 per kW-hr B. Php1.75 per kw-h C. Php1. 52 per kW-hr D. Php1.62 per kW-hr

16. The net energy requirement for the United States in 1986 wen approximately 2.82 x 10 GWh. What
is the equivalent of this energy in British thermal Units?
A.9.623 quad B. 8.52 quad C. 9.123 quad D. 8.252 quad
17. Coal has an average energy content of 940W. years/ton, and natural gas has an percent t of the net
0.036W. year/ft³IF80 energy content of energy requirement t of Problem #1 were to be met with coal
and 20 percent with gas, what amounts of coal and gas would be required?
A.2.74 x 10 tons and 1.79 x 102 ft C.3.74 x 10 tons and 2.79 x 10
B. 3.74 x 10 tons and 2.79 x 10 D. 5.74 x 10 tons and 2.79×10

18. A pump requires 100 HP to move water with a specific gravity of 1.0 at a certain flow rate to given
elevation, What horsepower does the pump require if the flow rate and elevation conditions are the
same but the fluid pumped has a specific gravity of 0.8?
A. 80 HP B. 100 HP C. 60 HP D. 120 HP

19. An electric motor is used to pump water from a well of 40 ft. deep. The amount of water pumped
per hour to the ground level is 237,000 gallons. What is the HP of the motor assuming there is no power
loss?
A. 40HP B. 45 HP C. 50 HP D. 55 HP

20. A certain amount of fuel can be converted into 3 x 103 quads of the energy in a power station. If the
average load on station over a 24-h period is 50 MW, determine how long (in days) the fuel will last.
Assume a 20 percent overall efficiency for the power station
A. 123.5 days B. 146.5 days C.135 days D. 163.5 days

21. In 1981, The US consumption of energy (in quads) from various sources was as follows: coal, 16.1; oil
32.1; natural gas 20.2; hydro 2.9; and nuclear 2.9. Calculate in gigawatt hours the total electric energy
that could be produced from these sources, assuming an average power plant conversion efficiency of
0.1.
A. 3.175x10 GWh B. 2.175 x 10 GWh C4.175 x 10 GWh D. 1.175 x 10 GWh
22. The average heat content of natural gas is 1.05 Btu/ft³, and that of bituminous coal is 14,000 Btu/lb.
Using the data of Problem #4, determine the amounts of natural gas and coal consumed in the United
States in 1981
A.19.238 x 105 ft and 5.75 x 10 tons C.39.238 x 10 ft and 6.75 x 10 tons
B. 29.238 × 10ft and 6.75 x 10 tons D.49.238 × 105ft and 5.75 x 10 tons

23. Suppose that the consumption energy in a certain country has a growth rate of 4 percent per year. In
how many years will the energy consumption be tripled?
A. 17.47 years B. 7.47 years C. 27.47 years D. 37.47 years

24. In a certain country the energy consumption is expected to double in 10 years. Calculate the growth
rate.
A 3.93 percent B 4.93 percent C.5.93 percent D. 6.93 percent

25. A steam power plant has a coal consumption of 0.55 kg per kwh at a load factor of 0.58. Determine
the thermal efficiency if the heating value of coal is 6500 kcal/kg.
A. 23.05% B. 24.05% C. 25.05% D. 26.05%

26. A certain amount of fuel contains 10 x 10^10 Btu of energy. The corresponding energy in kcal is
A.1.52 x 1010 kcal B. 0.52 x 1010 kcal C. 1.52 x 1010 kcal D. 2.52 x 1010 kcal

27. A 60 MW turbo alternator has an overall thermal efficiency of 30%. If the coal burnt has a calorific
value of 6950 kcal per kgm. Find the coal consumption per kW in kgm?.
A.0.413 kg/kwh B. 1.413 kg/kwh C. 2.413 kg/kwh D. 3.413 kg/kwh
28. A power plant consumes 4200 tons of coal per day (1 ton = 2000 lb). If coal has an average energy
content of 11800 Btu/lb, what is the plants output if the plants overall efficiency is 18%
A.107.3 MW B.207.3 MW C. 307.3 MW D. 407.3 MW

29. The net energy requirement for the united states in 1986 was approximately 3 x 106 Gwh, what is
the equivalent energy in Btu?
A. 10.23 quad B. 15.23 quad C. 20.23 quad D. 25.23 quad

30. A certain amount of fuel can be converted into 4 x 10-3 quads of energy in a power station. If the
average load on a station over a 24 hr period is 50 mW, determine how long (in days) the fuel will last.
Assume an 18% overall efficiency for the power station
A. 160 days B. 161 days C. 162 days D. 163 days

31. In 1981, the U.S consumption of energy (in quads) from various sources was as follows: coal, 16.1; oil
32.1; natural gas, 20.2; hydro, 2.9; nuclear, 2.9. Calculate the total electric energy in giga watt hrs that
could be produced from these sources, assuming an average power-plant conversion efficiency of 0.10
A.19.75 x 106 gWh B.20.75 x 106 Gwh C. 21.75 x 106 gWh D. 22.75 x 106 gWh

32. A small wind generator is designed to generate 50 kW of power at a wind velocity of 25 mi/hr. What
is the approximate blade diameter
A.35 H B.36 H C. 37 H D. 38 H
33. A plant consumes 3600 tons of coal per day. If the coal has an average energy content of 1000
Btu/lb, what is the plants power output? Assume an overall plant efficiency of 18%
A.156.22 MW B.157.22 MW C. 158.22 MW D. 159.22 MW

34. A generating station has an overall thermal efficiency of 15.5% and 0.80 kg of coal is burnt for every
kWh measured on the switch board. Determine the calorific value of coal in kilocalories per kilogram
A.6950 B. 7050 C. 7150 D. 7250

35. A small generating plant uses a producer gas with a calorific value of 1200 kcal/m3. Find the volume
of gas required per hour to generate 100 KW. The overall efficiency of the plant is 20%
A.350m3 B. 360m3 C. 370m3 D. 380m3

36. Find the head in meters of a hyrdo-electric generating plant in which a surface of a reservoir 4000
m2 in extent to tall by 30 cm when 75 kWh is developed in the turbine. The efficiency of the turbine is
75%
A.15.6m B. 20.6m C. 25.6m D. 30.6m

37. The maximum tidal head available for proposed tidal power station is 6 meters. What must be the
area of the tidal bay to generate an average of 1000 mW of power?
A. 125.8m2 B. 126.8m2 C. 127.8m2 D. 128.8m2
38. A 100 MW coal fired power plant has an average heat rate of 9,500 BTU/ kWh. The plant load factor
is 75%; the heating value of coal is12,000 BTU/ lb. Calculate the amount of coal usage for one day.
A. 1.425 x 10^6 lbs. B. 2.235 x 10^5 lbs. C. 1.425 x 10^6 lbs. D. 1.826 x 10^6 lbs.

39. A Power Plant has a maximum demand of 15 MW. The annual load factor and capacity factor are
50% and 40%, respectively. Determine the reserve capacity of the plant.
A. 7350 Kw B. 5370 KW C. 3750 KW D. 3075 KW

40. A coal Thermal Power Plant has a boiler, turbine and alternator efficiencies of 35%, 86%, and 93%
respectively. Coal with heating value of 12,000 BTU per lb cost P 1.5 per lb. What is the fuel cost in
producing 1 kW?
A. P 1.9 per kW B.P 1.52 per kW C. P 1.75 per kW D. P 1.62 per kW

41. A certain coal fired power plant has a heat rate of 2.88 x 108 calories per kW-hr. Coal costs P 2,500
per Ton. How much is the fuel cost component of producing 1 kW-hr?
A. P 2.50 5 B. P 1.00 C. P 1.7 D. P 1.25

42. A power station has a load cycle as under 260 MW for 6 hrs 200 MW for 8 hrs 160 MW for 4 hrs 100
MW for 6 hrs. If the power station is equipped with 4 sets of 75 MW each, calculate the daily fuel
requirement if the calorific value of the oil used were 10,000 Kcal/kg and the average heat rate of the
station were 2,860 Kcal/kW.
A.1890 tons B.3452 tons C. 7641 tons D. 1258.4 tons
43.A diesel generator set burns diesel with a heating value of 18,000 BTU per lb. The diesel engine has
an efficiency of 30% and the alternator has an efficiency of 95%. Determine the fuel cost component of
producing one kW-hr if diesel cost P 2.8 per lb.
A. P 0.15 B. P 2.15 C. P 3.28 D. P 1.86

44. A proposed hydroelectric station has an available head of 30 m, a catchment area of 50 x 10^6 sq. m,
the rainfall for which is 120 cm per annum. If 70% of the total rainfall can be collected, calculate the
power that could be generated. Assume the following efficiencies: Penstock 95%, Turbine 80%, and
Generator 85%.
A.253 KW B. 678 kW C. 214 KW D. 925 kW

45. The current loads of four circuits are as follows: Circuit no 1 = 25 Amperes, Circuit no 2 = 38
Amperes, Circuit no 3 = 18 Amperes, Circuit no 4 = 45 Amperes; If the diversity factor is 1.5. What is
the minimum ampacity of the feeder conductor?
A.126 Amperes B. 189 Amperes C. 84 Amperes D. 152 Amperes

46. The metering of a power customer was read and gave the following data: KW-hr = 200,000 KVAR- hr
.= 180,000 Maximum demand = 380 KW Billing days = 3 What is the load factor?
A. 68% B. 80% C. 73% D. 62%

47. To produce one kW-hr a power plant burns 0.9 lb of coal with a heating value of 13,000 BTU per lb.
What is the heat rate of the plant?
A.6,250 BTU/KW-hr B.11,700 BTU/KW-hr C. 9,500 BTU/KW-hr D. 8,700 BTU/KW-hr

48. A 100 MW power plant has a heatrateof2.88x106calories per kW-hr. It is a base load plant and runs
at full load 24 hrs a day. How many tons of coal is needed per day?
A. 250 B. 625 C. 830 D. 960
49. A power plant gets water from a dam from a height of 122.45 meters at the rate of 1,000 cubic
meters per minute. If the output of the plant is 15,000 KW, what is the efficiency?
A. 80% B. 70% C. 75% D. 65%

50. An industry having a maximum demand of 1000 kW works for 320 days in a year, 8 hrs per day.
Assuming that it works at full capacity all the time during working days, calculate the daily load factor.
A. 56.2% B. 67% C. 33.3% D. 29.5%

51. A 100 MW power station delivers 100 MW for 2 hrs, 50 MW for 6 hrs and is shut down for the rest of
each day. It is also shut down for maintenance for 45 days each year. Calculate the annual load factor.
A.20.1% B.56.9% C. 20.83% D. 78.5%

52. A power station has a load cycle as follows: 260 MW for 6 hrs 200 MW for 8 hrs 160 MW for 4 hrs
100 MW for 6 hrs. If the power station is equipped with 4 sets of 75 MW each, calculate the capacity
factor.
A.61.1% B.34.5% C. 23.6% D. 76.5%

53.The power customer has four circuits of220-volt three phase. The circuits have the maximum demand
as follows: Circuit no 1 = 35 Amperes, Circuit no 2 = 46 Amperes , Circuit no 3 = 72 Amperes, Circuit no 4
= 57 Amperes. The diversity factor is 1.5, the load factor is50% and the power factor is 80%. What is the
approximate KW demand of the customer?
A. 15 KW B. 21 kw C. 43 kW D. 53 KW
54. . The power customer has four circuits of220-volt three phase. The circuits have the maximum
demand as follows: Circuit no 1 = 35 Amperes, Circuit no 2 = 46 Amperes, Circuit no 3 = 72 Amperes,
Circuit no 4 = 57 Amperes. The diversity factor is 1.5, the load factor is 50% and the power factor is 80%.
Determine the maximum KVA demand of the customer?
A. 46 B. 80 C. 26.5 D. 53

55. A Diesel station supplies the following loads to various consumers: Industrial consumer = 1500 kw,
Commercial establishment = 750 kw, Domestic power = 100 kw, Domestic light = 450 kw, If the maximum
demand on the station is 2500 KW and the number of kwh generated per year is 45 x 10^5, determine
the diversity factor and load factor.
A. 1.12, 20.5% B. . 97, 31.2% C. 1.53, 65.7% D. 21.1, 50.2%

56. Diversity factor is

A. 3.80 B. 1.02 C. 1.12 D. 1.22

57. Demand factor is

A. 0.75 B. 0.83 C. 0.89 D. 0.45

A generating station has a connected load of 40 MW and a maximum demand of 20 MW. Total energy
generates per annum is 4.46 ? 107 kw.hr

58. The demand factor is

A.2.0 B. 2/3 C. ½ D. 1/3

59. The average demand =

A.6600 KW B.5000 KW C. 4000 KW D. 2500 KW
60. Load factor is
A. 0.75 B. 0.50 C. 0.25 D. 0.20

A base load station having a capacity of 18MW and a standby station having a capacity of 20 MW share a
common load. Given the following data: Annual standby station output = 7.35 x 106 kwh, Annual base
load station output = 101.35 x 106 kwh, Peak load on standby station = 12 MW, Hours of use of standby
station during the year = 2190 hrs

61. For the base load station, determine the annual load factor
A. 64.3% B. 60.5% C. 56.5% D. 52.3%

62. For the base load station, determine the one factor
A. 6% B. 75% C. 80% D. 100%

63. For the base load station, determine the capacity factor
A. 55.6% B. 64.3% C. 66.8% D. 76.6%

64. For the standby station, determine annual load factor

A. 7% B. 12% C. 16% D. 20%

65. For the standby station, determine the use factor

A. 42% B. 55% C. 60% D. 66%

66.For the standby station, determine the capacity factor

A. 12.93% B. 16.75% C. 19.33% D. 25.40%
Two turbo-alternators in a central station are rated 600 KW each (continuous rating). The average and
imposed on the station is 250 KW and the maximum demand is 1000 KW. Calculate

67. The plant factor

A. 17.5% B. 20.8% C. 23.6% D. 25.2%

68. Load factor

A.16% B.19% C.25% D.28%

The yearly duration curve of a certain plant be considered as a straight has from 40000 kw to 8000 kw.
To meet this load, three turbo generators two rated at 20000 kw each and one at 10000 kw are installed.
Determine

69. The installed capacity

A. 30 KW B. 40 kW C. 50 kw D. 60 kW

70. Plant factor or capacity factor

A. 50% B. 48% C. 45% D. 40%

71. Maximum demand

A. 48000 kw B. 46000 kw C. 44500 kw D. 40000 kw

72. Load factor

A. 56% B. 60% C. 64% D. 69%

73. Utilization factor

A. 50% B. 58% C. 69% D. 80%
A generating station has a maximum demand of 30000 Mw, a load factor of 0.60, a plant capacity factor
of 0.48 and a plant use factor of 0.82. Find

74. The daily energy produced

A. 0.32 ? 105 kwh B. 2.32 x 105 kwh C. 4.32 ? 105 mwh D. 6.32 ? 105 mwh

75.Reserve capacity of the plant

A.27500 kw B.37500 KW C. 6500 KW D. 7500 KW

76. Maximum energy that could be produced daily

A. 5.268 x 105 kwhh B. 6.268 x 105 kwh C. 7.268 x 105 kw D. 8.268 x 105 kwh

The peak load on a 50 mW power station is 39 mW. It supplies power through power transformers
whose connected loads are 17, 12, 9 and 10 mW. The maximum demands, on these transformers are 15,
10, 8 and 9 mW respectively. If the annual load factor is 50% and the plant is operating for 65% of the
period in a year, determine

77.Average load on the station

A. 18500 kw B. 19500 KW C. 20500kw D. 21500 KW

78. Energy supplied per year

A. 155.773 kwh B. 160.306 kwh C. 165.36 ? 106 kwh D. 170.82 x 106 kwh

79. Demand factor

A.0.6362 B. 0.7073 C. 0.8125 D. 0.9234
80. Diversity factor
A.1.077 B.1.30 C.1.552 D. 1.776

81.Power system use factor

A. 50% B. 60% C. 70% D. 80%

The annual peak load on a 30 MW power station is 25 MW. The power station supplies loads having
maximum demands of 10 MW, 8.5 MW, 5 MW and 4.5 MW. The annual load factor is 45%.

82. The average load is

A.1025 kw B. 1125 kw C. 1425 kw D. 1625 kw

83. Total energy supplied in a year is

A.9,875,000 kWh B. 8345,000 kWh C. 7450,000 kWh D. 6395,000 kWh

The annual peak load on a 60 MW power station is 50 MW. The power station supplies four loads having
maximum demand of 20 MW, 17 MW, 10 MW and 9 MW. The annual load factor is 60%

84. The average load on the plant is

A.1500 KW B.2500 kW C. 3000 KW D. 6000 kW

85.Total energy supplied per year is

A.13140000 kw.hr B. 26280000 kw.hr C. 39420000 kw.hr D. 52580000 kw.hr

86. Diversity factor is

A. 0.80 B. 1.12 C.1.25 D.1.55
A tower station is to supply regions of loads whose peak load are 10 mW, 5 mW, 8 mW and 7 mW. The
diversity factor of the load at the station is 1.5 and the average annual load factor is 0.60. Calculate

87. Maximum demand on the station

A.10 mW B.20 mW C. 30 mW D. 40 mW

88. Actual energy supplied

A.100.5 x 106 kwh B.101.5 x 106 kwh C. 102.5 x 106 kwh D. 103.5 x 106

89. Out of the following which one is not an unconventional source of energy?
A. Tidal power B. Nuclear energy C. Wind power D. Geothermal energy

90. Which plant can never have 100% load factor?

A. Nuclear power plant B. Hydro electric plant C. Peak load plant D. Base load plant

91. The ratio, maximum demand of the installation / sum of individual maximum demands is known as
A.Demand factor B. Plant use factor C. Diversity factor D. Plant capacity factor

92. A power plant supplying energy to a city will usually experience peak demand
A. from midnight to early morning B. 8 AM to 12 noon C. 2 PM to 6 PM D.6 PM to 12 PM

93. In a power plant a reserve generating capacity which is in operation but not in service is known as
A. Hot reserve B. Cold reserve C. Spinning reserve D. Firm power

94. In an interconnected system consisting of a nuclear power stations, steam station and diesel
generating station, which plant can be used as base load plant ?
A. Steam station B. Diesel generation plant C. Nuclear power station D. Any of these

95. Capital cost per MWh is highest in case of

A. steam power plants C. nuclear power plants
B. diesel engine power plants D. hydroelectric power plants

96. Base load plants have

A. high capital cost, high operating cost and high load factor
B. high capital cost, low operating cost and high load factor
C. low capital cost, low operating cost and low load factor
D. low capital cost, high operation cost and high load factor

97. Which alternator will have more number of poles

A. coupled to hydraulic turbine C. coupled to gas turbine
B. coupled to steam turbine D. all will have same number of poles
98. Which alternator usually runs at slow speed as compared to others
A. coupled to gas turbine C. coupled to hydraulic turbine
B. coupled to steam turbine D. coupled to diesel engine

99. Which type of plant has the least running cost per kWh of energy generated?
A. Hydro-electric plant C. Nuclear power plant
B. Thermal power plant D. Diesel power plant

100. Which of the following power plant has the maximum efficiency?
A. Thermal power plant B. Hydro-electric power plant C. Atomic Reactor D. MHD

101. The reactors used in most power station specially in HVDC is to limit the short circuit current in the
alternators have very small resistance in comparison to reactance
A. because the high resistance will not help to limit the short circuit current
B. to avoid the energy waste
C. because the high resistance will raise the temperature and insulation of reactor will be spoiled
D. to improve power factor

102. Which of the following generating stations has the minimum running cost?
A. Hydro-electric station C. Thermal power station
B. Nuclear power station D. Diesel power plant

103. Load factor during a period is

A. Average Load / Installed Capacity C. Maximum Load / Average Load
B. Average Load / Maximum Load D. Maximum Load / Installed Capacity

104. Demand factor is the

A. Maximum Demand / Average Demand C. Average Demand / Maximum Demand
B. Maximum Demand / Connected Load D. Connected Load / Maximum Demand

105. When paralleling a generating unit to a power system, if the synchro scope indicates that the
incoming machine is running slower than the system:
A. The field current should be increased
B. The power input to the prime mover should be increased slightly
C. The power input to the prime mover should be decreased slightly
D. The synchronizing switch should be closed just after it indicates zero phase angle difference.

106. Overall thermal efficiency of a steam power station is in the range

A.18-24% B.30-40% C. 44-62% D. 68-79%

107. Capital cost per MWh is highest in case of

A. steam power plant B. Diesel engine C. Nuclear power plant D. Hydroelectric

108. A diesel power plant is best suited as

A. stand by power plant B. base load plant C. peak load plant D.general purpose plant

109. A Nuclear Power plant is invariably used as a

A. base load plant B. peak load plant C. stand by plant D. spinning reserve plant

110. Most of the generators in thermal power plants run at

A.3000 rpm B. 1500 rpm C. 1000 rpm D. 750 rpm
111. A load curve is a plot of
A. Load versus generation capacity C. Load versus time
B. Load versus current D. Load versus cost of power

112. For economy in generation power

A. diversity factor should be high C. load factor should be high
B. plant utilization factor D. load factor and diversity factor should be low

113. In which part of the steam power plant the pressure of steam is less than the atmospheric
pressure?
A. Condenser B. Boiler C. Turbine D. Super heater

114. In a thermal power plant a cooling tower cools

A. steam from boiler C. steam from turbine
B. water from economizer D. water from condenser

115. In hydro power plants

A. initial cost is high and operating cost is low C. initial cost is low and operating cost is high
B. initial cost as well as operating costs are high D.initial cost as well as operating cost is low

116. In which of the following power plant the available of power is least reliable?
A. Solar power plant C. Tidal power plant
B. Wind energy D. Geothermal power plant

117. Geothermal energy is

A. a renewable energy resource C. inexhaustible energy source
B. alternative energy source D. any of these

118. The disadvantage of renewable sources of energy is

A. lack of dependability C. availability in low energy densities
B. intermittency D. all of these

119. Solar cells are made of

A. silicon B. germanium C. silver D. aluminum

120. The source of energy for satellite is

A. battery B. solar cell C. cryogenic storage D. any of these

121. Baume scale measures

A. purity of water C. specific gravity of liquids
B. radioactivity D. specific gravity of gases

122. In geothermal power plants waste water is

A. recirculated after cooling in cooling towers C. discharged back to earth
B. discharged into sea D. evaporated in ponds

123. Which of the following is heavy oil?

A. Gasoline B. Kerosene oil C. Diesel oil D. Bunker oil
124. Natural gas is obtained
A. as by product from blast furnace C. from earth's surface usually along with crude
B. as by product from petroleum refining D. from ammonia

125. TNT stands For a

A. thermonuclear thorium C. total neutron transition
B. thermal neutron treatment D. trinitrotoluene

126. Which of the following category of consumers can provide highest load factor?
A. A domestic consumer C. A steel melting unit using arc furnace
B. A continuous process plant D. A cold storage plant

127. When load on a thermal unit is increased, fuel input

A. Increased B. Does not change C. Decreased D. slightly decreased

128. When generating units are loaded to equal incremental cost:

A. Minimum fuel cost result C. Fuel cost are not affected
B. Fuel cost at a maximum D. efficiency decreased
129. Air standard efficiency of a diesels engine depends on
A. compression ratio B. speed C. fuel D. torque

130. Most of the heat generated in internal combustion engine is lost

A. in cooling water B. exhaust gases C. lubricating oil D. radiation

131. Economizers are used to heat

A. air B. feedwater C. steam D. boiler

132. Surge tank is provided for the protection of

A. weir B. penstock C. blade D. intake pipe

133. For the same maximum demand, if the load factor is decreased the cost of energy is
A. increased B. decreased C. not affected D. no relation

134. In a power system using both Hydro and thermal generation, the proportion of hydro generation
can be increased by.
A. Increasing the price of water C. Increasing the field current of the Hydro generators
B. Reducing the price of water D. Used salt water

135. Which of the following methods of generating electric power from the sea is more advantageous?
A. Water power B. Ocean power C. Tidal power D. sea power

136. The efficiency of a thermal power plant improves with.

A. increased quantity of coal burnt C. Lower load on the plant
B. Use of high steam pressure D. Larger quantity of water used

137. A Gas turbine works on

A. Carnot cycle B. Brayton cycle C. Dual cycle D. Rankine cycle

138. A diversity factor of 2.5 gives a saving of % in the generating equipment.

A. 60 B. 50 C. 40 D. 25
139. Which of the following variety of coal has lowest percentage of carbon?
A. anthracite coal C. lignite
B. bituminous coal D. all have nearly same percentage of carbon

140. Site for which of the following plant is decided on the basis of the controus of the land only?
A. steam power plant C. diesel power plant
B. hydro-electric power plant D. nuclear power plant

141. Which of the following plant has the highest cost per MW installed?
A. steam power plant. C. hydro-electric power plant
B. diesel power plant D. nuclear power plant

142. In an analysis report of a sample of coal, the percentage of one of the constituents is specified as
2.5%. This constituent could be
A. carbonh B. moisture C. as D. sulphur
143. LPG stands For a
A. low pressure gas B. liquefied petroleum gas C. light phosgene gas D. lubricated petroleum gas

144. Bagasse is
A. a variety of coal C. fibrous portion of sugar cane left after extracting the juice
B. a fuel consisting of wood, etc D. a kind of rice straw

145. Boilers using bagasse as fuel use

A. spreader stokers C. chain grate strokers
B. underfeed strokers D. pulverized fuel burners

146. Temporary hardness of water is caused by

A. bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium C. chlorides of calcium and magnesium
B. sulphates of calcium and magnesium D. nitrates of calcium and magnesium

147. The analysis of coal which gives the composition in respect of moisture, volatile matter, ash and
fixed carbon is known as
A. ultimate analysis C.proximate analysis
B. orsat analysis D. chemical analysis

148. Analysis of flue gases can be obtained by

A. gas calorimeter C. bomb calorimeter
B. orsat apparatus D. none of the above

149. Low grade fuels have

A. low moisture content C. low ash content
B. low caloric value D. all of the above

150. Which of the following plant will take least time to start from cold conditions?
A. steam power plant C. hydro-electric power plant
B. nuclear power plant D. diesel engine power plant

151. The cost of transmission and distribution will be least for which type of power plant?
A. diesel engine power plant C. nuclear power plant
B. steam power plant D. hydro-electric power plant
152. Which of the following power plant can be installed closest to load centre?
A. hydro-electric power plant C. diesel power plant
B. steam power plant D. nuclear power plant

153. Heating value of coal largely depend on

A. ash content B. moisture content C. volatile matter D. size of coal particle

154. The most economical cross section of a conductor is that which makes the interest on the capital
outlay plus depreciation due to the conductor in the cable equal to the annual cost of energy loss.
A. Ferranti law B. Kelvins law C. Mc Kevins Law D. Vanderwhaals Law

155. Power plant using coal work closely on which of the following cycle
A. Rankine cycle B. Binary vapour cycle C. Otto cycle D.. Brayton cycle

156. Which of the following contributes to the efficiency of Rankine cycle in thermal power plant.
A. Used of high pressure C. Regeneration use of steam for heating boiler
B. Reheating of steam at intermediate stag D. All of these

157. In steam turbine cycle, the lowest pressure occurs in

A. Turbine inlet B. Boiler C. Condenser D. Superheater

158. For low head and high discharge the hydraulic turbine used is.
A. Kaplan B. Francis type C. Pelton wheel D. Jonvas

159. Overall efficiency of Gas Turbine is

A. equal to Carnot cycle efficiency C. Less than Diesel cycle efficiency
B. equal to Rankine cycle efficiency D. More than Otto or Diesel cycle efficiency

160. The function of moderator in Nuclear Reaction is

A. to accelerate the reaction C. to absorb excessive neutrons
B. to control the reaction D. to liberate excessive neutron

161. A low utilization factor for a plant indicates that

A. plant is used for base load only C. plant is under maintenance
B. plant is used for standby purpose only D. plant is used for peak load

162. Which of the following relations is incorrect?

A. Capacity factor = Utilization factor x Load factor
B. Load factor x Maximum load = Average load
C. Demand factor x Connected load = Maximum demand
D. None of these

163. Deaeration of boiler feed water is done to reduce

A. weight of water to be handled C. corrosion
B. priming difficulties in feed pumps D. amount of heat required to convert water into steam

164. 'Coking' is
A. formation of lumps or masses of coke in boiler furnaces at high temperature
B. heating of coal in absence of air, driving out carbon dioxide and leaving behind the residue of carbon
C. burning of coal in furnace
D. producing lumps of coal from fine powders with the help of a binder
165. 'Caking' is
A. making cakes of coal out of fine powders
B. a variety of free burning coals
C. coal produced from burning of wood in inert atmosphere
D. in boiler furnace some coals become plastic and form lumps or masses of coal

166. Which of the following power plant offers the least running cost?
A. steam power plant C. hydro-electric power plant
B. diesel power plant D. nuclear power plant

167. Which of the following power plant has least expenditure on transportation of fuel?
A. steam-power plant C. diesel power plant
B. Bhydro-electric power plant D. nuclear power plant

168. Which of the following power plant has least overall efficiency?
A. steam power plant C. nuclear power plant
B.diesel power plant D. hydro-electric power plant

169. The overall efficiency of a steam power plant can be expected to be around
A.10% B. 50% C. 25% D. 65%

170. The calorific value of methane gas can be determined by

A. bomb calorimeter C. Orsat's apparatus
B. bunsens calorimeter D. exhaust gas calorimeter

171. The advantage of a hydro-electric power station is

A. low operating cost C. no fuel transportation problems
B. free from pollution problems D. all of the above

172. Low head hydro-electric plants invariable make use of

A. Francis turbines B. Pelton's wheels C. Kaplan turbines D. any of the above

173. Pelton's wheels are installedon

A. run-of river plants with pandage C. base load plant
B. run-of-river plants without pandage D. high head plants

174. A hydrograph is a plot of discharge through a river versus

A. time B. rate of flow of water C. velocity of water D. none of the above

175. In pumped storage systems, water is pumped

A. upstream during peak periods C. upstream during off season
B. upstream during off peak periods D. none of the above

176. A Francis turbine is

A. inward flow reaction turbine C. outward flow reaction turbine
B. inward flow impulse turbine D. outward flow impulse turbine

177. A Kaplan turbine is suitable For a

A. high head, low discharge C.low head, high discharge
B. high head, high discharge D. low head, low discharge
178. If the specific speed of a turbine is 6, then which type of turbine should it be?
A. Francis turbine B. Kaplan turbine C. Pelton's wheel D. Girard turbine

179. A Pelton wheel is

A. inward flow impulse turbine C. inward flow reaction turbine
B. outward flow impulse turbine D. axial flow impulse turbine

180. A surge tank is provided in turbine installation

A. to smoothen the flow of water C. to prevent occurrence of hydraulic jump
B. to minimize friction losses D. to relieve pressure due to water hammer

181. The lowest portion of storage basin from which from where the water is not drawn usually, is
A. bottom storage B. spinning reserve C. dead storage D. sub-soil storage

For questions 182 to 184:

Power plants considered are
I. Diesel II. Thermal III. Hydro IV. Nuclear

182. Plants in ascending order of capital cost per MW are

A. I, II, III, IV B. II, III, IV, I C. III, IV, I, II D. IV. III, I, II

183. Plants in descending order of their expected useful life are

A. I, III, II, IV B. II, I, III, IV C. III, II, IV, I D. IV, I, II, III

184. Plants in ascending order of their operating cost per MWH generated are
A. IV, I, II, III B. III, II, IV, I C. II, I, III, IV D. I, III, II, IV

185. In thermal electric generating plant, overall efficiency is improved when

A. Boiler pressure is increased
B. The difference between initial pressure and temperature and exhaust pressure and temperature are
held at a maximum
C. Load on the units is increased
D. Increased the no. of generator

186. The portion of the power canal that extends from the intake works to the power plant, is known as
A. head race B. tail race C. main storage D. diversion canal

187. One advantage of computer control of generating units is that

A. Var. output of the units are minimized
B. All units under the control of the computer will be loaded to the same load
C. Loading of the units will be frequently adjusted to maintain them at equal incremental cost
D. It can control all equipment

188. A porsion of the power canal which extends from the power house to the recipient water course, is
known as
A. tailrace B. discharge channel C. exhaust D. tail surge channel

189. A moderator is used to

A. slow down electrons C. accelerate neutrons
B. slow down neutrons D. direct flow of electrons
190. The reactor in which fissionable fuel produced is more than the fuel consumed, is known as
A. fast reactor B. thermal factor C. breeder reactor D. none of the above

191. Which of the following materials is not used as moderator

A. graphite B. aluminum C. beryllium D. light water

192. In a nuclear power plant which of the following is used to slow down the fast neutrons?
A. reflector B. control rod C. shield D. moderator

193. Control rods for nuclear reactors are made of

A. graphite B. cadmium C. concrete D. lead

194. Which of the following material is used for reactor shielding?

A. graphite B. copper C. carbon D. concrete

195. Out of the following, which is not a non-conventional source of energy?

A. Tidal Power B. Geothermal Energy C. Nuclear Energy D. Wind power

196. Coal used in power plant is also known as

A. Steam coal B. Charcoal C. Coke D. Soft coal

197. The efficiency of thermal power plant improves With a

A. increased quantity of coal burnt C. lower load in the plant
B. larger quantity of water used D. use of high steam pressures

198. Power plants using coal work closely on known which of the following cycle?
A. Otto cycle C. Brayton cycle B. Binary vapor cycle D. Rankine cycle

199. Pulverized coal is

A. coal free from ash C. non smoking coal
B. coal which burns for long time D. coal broken into fine particles

200. Which of the following enters the super heater of a boiler?

A. Cold water B. Wet steam C. How water D. Super-heated steam

201. Which engine will have highest efficiency, between given temperature limits?
A. Carnot cycle B. Otto cycle C. Diesel cycle D. Dual cycle

202. Rank of coal is based on

A. fixed carbon and heating value C. ash content
B. size D. ash and moisture content

203. Equipment used for pulverizing the coal is known as

A. ball mill B. hopper C. burner D. stoker

204. Which of the following is considered as superior quality of coal?

A. Bituminous coal B. Peat C. Lignite D. Coke

205. In a power plant, coal is carried from storage place to boilers generally by means of
A. bucket C. trolleys B. V-belts D. manually
206. The equipment installed in power plants to reduce air pollution due to smoke is
A. induced draft fans B. de-super heaters C. electrostatic precipitators D. re-heaters

207. Permissible pH value of water for boilers is

A. 1 B. 7 C. slightly more than 7 D. 10

208. A condenser in a thermal power plant condenses steam combing out of

A. boiler B. super-heater C. economizer D. turbine

209. In a system if the base load is the same as the maximum demand, the load factor will be
A. 1 B. O C. infinity D. 1%

210. A system having connected load of 100 KW, peak load of 80 KW. base load of 20 KW and average
load of 40 KW, will have a load factor of
A. 40% B. 50% C. 60% D. 80%

211. Running cost of a hydro plant with respect to that of a thermal plant is
A. More B. Less C. Varying from installation to installation D.. equal

212. Pick up the odd plant from the following

A. Steam B. Hydro C. Tidal D. Nuclear

213. Pick up the odd plant from the following:

A. Steam B. Wind turbine generator plant C. Tidal D. Solar

214. The role of the economizer is to pre-heat

A. Pulverised coal B. Boiler feed water C. Air used for combustion D. provide clean air

215. Super heater & re heater are used to

A. improve the condition of steam C. heat boiler feed water
B. heat air used for combustion D. decrease effluent

216. Governor is used with the steam turbine to regulate

A. Steam temperature B. Steam pressure C. Power output D. Speed

217. Cooling of 500 MW turbo-generators is usually done by the following coolants

A. Nitrogen & hydrogen C. Carbon dioxide & hydrogen
B. Hydrogen & water D. Water only

218. The specific speed of a hydro turbine depends on

A. Actual speed C. Output power
B. Head of operation D. Actual speed ,head of operation & output power

219. The most common type of hydro turbine with a moderate value of the specific speed is
A. Pelton B. Francis C. Kaplan D. wind

220. Pumped storage hydroelectric plant can be operated With a

A. Upstream reservoir only C. a and b
B. downstream reservoir only D. none of these
221. Hydro-generators are usually
A. Round rotor machines C. Homopolar machines
B. Salient pole machines D. Bipolar machine

222. Heavy water in a nuclear reactor is used For a

A. Cooling & moderation C. Moderation & shielding radiation
B. Cooling and shielding radiation D. Moderation only

223. The size and weight per unit power of a fast breeder reactor in comparison to a reactor of any of
the thermal types is
A. Much less B. Much more C. more or less the same D. always zero

224. Compared to turbines in the conventional coal-fired thermal stations, nuclear power plant turbines
use steam at
A. higher pressure & temperature
B. lower pressure & temperature
C. higher temperature & lower pressure
D. higher power factor

225. Gas turbine temperature corresponds to

A Boiling water temperature of 100°C C. Around 1000°C
B. Superheated steam temperature of 550°C D. Around 66000°C

226. Gas turbine works on

A. Rankine cycle B. Brayton cycle C. Carnot cycle D. Roel cycle

227. From the economic point of view , a power system should have a load factor
A. About 0.12 B. About 0.5 C. About1 D. zero

228. From the economic point of view , a power system should have a diversity factor
A. Much less than 1 C. Always constant
B. Nearly equal to but less than one C. Greater than one

229. Peak load hydro power plants compared to base load thermal plants have plant capacity factor
A. Much lower B. Much higher C. Almost equal D. Always constant

230. Run-of-river plants are used For a

A. Base load operation C. Near base load
B. Peak load operation D. Regulating plant

231. The two-part tariff is based on

A. MW and MVar B. MW and MVA C. MWH and MVA D. MVArH

232. In order to have lower cost of electrical energy generation:

A. The load factor and diversity factor should be low.
B. The load factor should be low but diversity factor should be high.
C. The load factor should be high but diversity factor low.
D. The load factor and diversity factor should be high.
233. If the penalty factor of a plant is unity, its incremental transmission loss is:
A. 1.0. B. - 1.0. C. Zero. D. 10.0
234. If the load of an isolated generator is increased without increasing the power input to the prime
mover:
A. The generator will slow down. C. The generator voltage will increase.
B. The generator will speed up. D. The generator field current will increase.

235. When alternative sources of energy are available to a power system, they should be used in such a
way that:
A. Thermal generation is held at a minimum.
B. The most efficient plants are always loaded to their maximum.
C. Overall production cost is minimized.
D. Near at the load point

236. In a thermal-electric generating plant, overall efficiency is improved when:

A. Boiler pressure is increase.
B. The difference between initial pressure and temperature and exhaust pressure and temperature are
held at a maximum.
C. Load on the units is increased.
D. It is always loaded

237. When load on a thermal unit is increased, fuel input

A. Increase. B. Does not change C. Decrease. D. It is constant

238. Incremental-heat-rate curves, for thermal generating units, are used to determine the
A. Fuel cost in P per hour.
B. Values to which the units should be loaded to result in minimum fuel cost.
C. Cost per unit of electrical output.
D. Ramp rate

239. When generating units are loaded to equal incremental cost:

A. Minimum fuel cost result. C. Fuel cost is not affected.
B. Fuel cost is at a maximum. D. Losses are minimized

240. One advantage of computer control of generating units is that:

A. Var output of the unit is minimized.
B. All units under the control of the computer will be loaded to the same load.
C. Loading of the units will be frequently adjusted to maintain them at equal
D. Incremental fuel costs

241. If the fuel cost of one unit, operating in parallel with other units, is increased and it is desired to
maintain fuel cost, the load on the unit will be
A. Increase. B. Held constant. C. Decrease. D. None of these

242. The ratio of the average load on the plant for the period of time considered to the aggregate rating
of all the generating equipment
A. Capacity factor B. Utilization factor C. Load factor D. Diversity factor

243. The ratio of the individual maximum demands of the systems to the overall maximum demand of
the whole system
A. load factor B. diversity factor C. utilization factor D. demand factor
244. In parallel operation of alternator, if the excitation of one alternate is changed it will only change
A. real power taken by the machine C. apparent power taken by the machine
B. reactive power taken by the machine D. synchronizing power of the machine

245. Which power plant cannot have single units of 100 MW capacity?
A. Steam power plant C. Nuclear power plant
B. Hydroelectric power plant D. Diesel engine power plant

246. A regenerator in a gas turbine

A. reduces heat loss in exhaust C. permits use of fuels of inferior quality
B. permits use of higher compression ratio D. improves thermal efficiency

247. A rotameter is used to measure

A. velocity of fluids B. viscosity of fluids C. density of fluids D. discharge of fluids

248. Vacuum can be measured by

A. venturimeter B. pitot tube C. U tube manometer D. rotameter

249. The maximum past or present demand, which are taken into account to establishing billings for the
previous or subsequent periods.
A. Ratchet Demand C. Seasonal Diversity
B. diversity demand D. meter demand

250. The ratio of the maximum coincident total demand of a group of consumers to the sum of the
maximum power demand of the individual consumers comprising the group both taken at the same
point of supply for the same time.
A. Non- Coincidence factor C. Plant use (Output) factor
B. Coincidence factor D. Utilization Factor

251. The ratio of the average load for a given period to the operating capacity in actual service only (for
multi-set plant).
A. Capacity factor B. Load factor C. Diversity factor D. Demand factor

252. The product of the load factor (LF) and the demand factor (DF).
A. Plant factor B. Use Factor C. Average factor D. Connected Load factor

253. The water enters the spiral case from the penstock, passes through the stay ring guided by the
stationary stay ring vanes, then through the movable wicket gates through the runner and into the draft
tube through which it flows into a tailrace or tailwater reservoir. This type of hydraulic turbine is known
as
A. Francis type B. Propeller type C. Axial flow turbine D. Impulse Turbine

254. It pertains to the units available, maintained at operating temperature and ready for service
although not in actual operation.
A. cold reserve B. Hot reserve C. spinning reserve D. Operating reserve

255. It is the product of the Utilization factor (UF) and Load factor (LF).
A. Capacity factor B. Use Factor C. Average factor D. Connected Load factor

256. It is the modern equipment of removing sulfur content from the flue gas of the power plant.
A. ESP B. EMS C. FGD D. DAC
257. The feed water is usually heated before it is injected to the boiler for the following reason EXCEPT
one. Which one is this?
A. Improves the overall performance of the plant
B. Recover part of the flue gas heat which is otherwise lost to the atmosphere
C. Derating types of preheaters permit the removal of dissolves gases from the feedwater
D. Increase the efficiency of the boiler

258. An effective remover of dust, carbon particles and others from the flue gas of the power plant is
called
A. Electrostatic Precipitator C. Mechanical collector
B. Soot blower and collector D. Dust scrubber

259. In fission, energy is produced when.

A. Chemical compound splits into its constituents
B. Nuclear particles combine
C. Nuclear particles split
D. Molecules combine

260. In the list below which one is not a type of present day nuclear power plant.
A. boiling water B. fusion-fission reactor C. low pressure reactor D. fast breeder reactor

261. How does the output of the hydraulic turbine vary with the diameter of the blade?
A. It varies directly as the square of the diameter of the blade
B. It varies directly as the two-thirds power of the diameter of the blade
C. It varies directly as the diameter of the blade
D. It varies directly as the cube of the diameter of the blade

262. A ten-year investigation of rivers potential gave an average water flow of 25 cm per second at the
bottom and 90 cm per second at the surface. The average cross section at the same location is 80 sq. m.
What is the average flow rate in cubic meter per hour?
A. 165,000 B. 57,500 C. 46,500 D. 5,760

263. In a steam power plant which component needs maximum maintenance attention?
A. Condenser B. Boiler C. Turbine D. Water treatment plant

264. As the load factor approaches unity, the shape of load duration curve will be nearly
A. L shaped B. inverted T shaped C. triangular D. rectangular

265. When maximum and average loads are equal, the load factor will be
A. 0 B. 0.01 C. 0.5 D. 1

266. Which of the following relation is incorrect?

A. Capacity factor = Utilization factor x Load factor
B. Load factor x Maximum load = Average load
C. Demand factor x Connected load = Maximum demand
D. None of these
267. Capacity factor and load factor become identical when
A. peak load is equal to the capacity of the plant
B. Average load is half the capacity of the plant
C. Average load is same as peak load
D. Group diversity factor is equal to peak diversity factor
268. A low utilization factor for a plant indicates that
A. plant is under maintenance C. plant is used for stand by purpose only
B. plant is used for base load only D. plant is used for peak load as well as baco load

269. High water level of a boiler drum can damage

A. boiler tubes B. turbine and steam line C. turbine only D. none of these

270. Non-conventional source-based power plants are generally best suited For a
A. Working with the nearby power grid
B. Isolated operation from the power grid
C. Operation with similar plants irrespective of length of connecting transmission system
D. Island

ILLUMINATION:
1. A light source has an illumination of 100 foot-candles (fc), what is the illumination in lux?
A. 1,204 B. 1,075 C. 1,496 D. 1,360

2. A room with dimensions of 72 ft x 36 ft x 13 ft requires 50 foot-candles, maintenance factor of 0.7,

coefficient of utilization of 0.46 and RI of 4. Calculate the required lumens output of the lamps.
A. 144,000 B. 136,800 C. 402,485 D. 74,690

3. The illumination of a room is being designed. The illumination intensity required is 50 foot-candles.
The maintenance factor is 70% and coefficient of utilization is 0.6. If the room is 20 ft by 15 ft, what is the
total required lumens output of the lamp?
A. 35,000 lumens B.10,050 lumens C. 6,300 lumens D. 12,800 lumens

4. A piece of paper lies on a table 2 m away from a point directly below a bulb of 100 cd and is 4 m
above the table. Calculate the illumination on the center of the paper in lux.
A. 5.2 B. 5.7 C. 4.5 D. 3.4
5. A measure of the lumen output per watt input produced by the light source.
A. Lumen B. Efficacy C. Coefficient of utilization D. Quality factor

6. A medium unshaded lamp hangs 8 m directly above the table. To what distance should it be lowered
to increase the illumination to 4.45 times its former value?
A. 4.02m B. 3.86 m C. 3.79 m D. 4.21 m

7. Two lamps are placed 100 m apart. Lamp A and lamp B have luminous intensity of 150 and 450
candelas respectively. Lamp A is placed 15 m above the ground while lamp B is placed 20 m above of the
same level. What is the illumination at the center of the lamp posts at ground level?
A. 0.016 B. 0.07 C. 0.06 D. 0.04

8. A floodlight emitting 25,000 candelas in the center of its beam isaimed at 60? to a point on the
ground 20 meters away. The illumination of the point in lux is
A. 54.12 B. 62.5 C. 31.25 D. 625

9. The floor area of a room is 10 meters by 10 meters. The desired illumination level is 150 ft candle.
Assume the coefficient of utilization is 0.51, the maintenance factor of 0.95 and in the market a
fluorescent luminaire provides 1,200 lumens output of light. Design the number of luminaries needed
for the room.
A. 198 B. 278 C . 365 D. 154

10. A light is to be placed on a wall in order to obtain maximum brightness of illumination. To achieve
this brightness, how high on the wall should this light bulb be placed to a point on the floor that is 3.6 m
from the wall?
A. 2.54 m B.2.25 m C. 2.08 m D. 2.86 m
11. A room measuring 40 ft by 80 ft is to be illuminated by fluorescent lamps having an output of 3300
lumens per lamp arranged in 4 rows. The maintenance factor and utilization factor are 0.7 and 0.6
respectively. If the required illumination is 60 cp, calculate the number of fixtures required in each row.
A. 70 lamps per row B. 140 lampe per row C. 35 lamps per row D. 40 lampe por row

12. A lamp of 500 cd is placed at the center of a room, 20 m ? 10 m x 5 m. Calculate the illumination in
each corner of the floor.
A. 0.83 lux B. 0.81 lux C. 0.78 lux D. 0.98 lux

13. A room measuring 40 ft by 80 ft is to be illuminated by fluorescent lamps arranged in 16 rows. Each

fixture has 2 fluorescent lamps having an output of 3300 lumens per lamp. The maintenance factor and
utilization factor are 0.65 and 0.75 respectively. If the required illumination is 60 cp, calculate the
number of fixtures required.
A. 120 B. 80 C. 60 D. 150

14. A lamp of 500 cd power is placed at the center of a room, 20 m x 10 m x 6 m. Calculate the
illumination in a point in the middle of a 10 m wall at a height of 2 m from the floor.
A. 4.75 lux B. 4.98 lux C. 4.69 lux D. 4.88 lux

15. The luminous efficiency of a sodium vapor lamp is about lumen/watt.

A. 10 B. 3. 30 C. 50 D. 70

16. Luminaires of 2000 lumens output will be installed in a room. The desired illumination is 200 foot-
candle. The coefficient of utilization is 0.45 and maintenance factor is 90%. Determine the number of
luminaires needed if the size of the room is 120 m2.
A. 30 B. 28 C. 32 D. 36
17. The average working life of a fluorescent lamp is about. hours.
A. 1000 B. 4000 C. 3000 D. 5000

18. A hall 35 m x 20 m is to be provided with a general illumination of 130 lux. If the depreciation factor
is 1.4 and the coefficient of utilization is 0.50, determine the number of fluorescent lamp required.
Assume luminous efficiency of the fluorescent tube as 50 lumens per watt for 80-watt lamp.
A. 62 lamps B. 65 lamps C. 63 lamps. D. 64 lamps

19. An incandescent lamp can be used

A. in any position B. both ac & dc supply C. for street lighting D. all of these

20. A hall 30 m long and 12 m wide is to be illuminated and the illumination required is 50 meter-
candles. Calculate the number of lamps required taking a depreciation factor of 1.3 and utilization
coefficient of 0.5 given that the output of the lamp to be used is rated 100 W, 1615 lumens.
A. 30 B. 29 C. 28 D. 27

21. Which of the following lamp has minimum initial cost of installation but maximum running cost?
A. incandescent B. fluorescent C. mercury vapor D. sodium vapor

22. A room 20 m x 10 m is to be illuminated by eight lamps and the average illumination is to be 50

lumens per meter. If the utilization factor is 0.48 and depreciation factor 1.2, calculate the mean
spherical power per lamp.
A. 249 cp B. 255 cp C. 235 cp D. 224 cp

23. Flood lighting is NOT used for. purposes.

A. reading B. aesthetic C. advertising D. industrial

24. It is required to provide illumination of 150 metercandle in a factory hall 45 m x 15 m. Assume that
the depreciation factor is 0.80, coefficient of utilization is 0.40 and efficiency of the lamp is 20 lumens
per watt. Calculate the number of 250 W lamps.

A. 60 C. 63 B. 62 D. 61
25. Total flux required in any lighting scheme depends inversely on
A. illumination B. surface area C. utilization factor D. space/height ratio

26. The illumination of a room is being designed. The data are as follows: Room length = 30 ft, Room
width = 20 ft, Coefficient of utilization = 0.6, Maintenance factor = 70%, Required foot-candle = 50,
Lumens per lamp = 3300 Watts per lamp = 53, Voltage = 220, Power factor = 75%
What is the total current of the lamp required to satisfy the requirements
A.21 B.7 C. 15 D. 25

27. The direct lighting scheme is most efficient but is liable to cause
A. monotony B. glare C. hard shadows D. both B and C

28. The floor area of a room is 10 meters by 10 meters. The desired illumination level is 150 lux. Assume
the coefficient of utilization is 0.51, the maintenance factor is 0.95 and in the market a fluorescent
luminaire provide 1200 lumens output of light. Determine the number of luminaires needed for the
room.
A. 24 lamps B. 28 lamps C. 25 lamps D. 26 lamps

29. The illumination of a room having dimensions of 20 x 10 sq ft is 50 fc. Find the luminous flux if the
maintenance factor is 70% and the illumination factor is 0.60.
A. 35,760 B.15,150 C. 23,810 D. 20,345

30. A perfect diffuser surface is one that

A. diffuses all the incident light C. transmits all the incident light
B. absorbs all the incident light D. scatters light uniformly in all directions
31. Which of the following affect the overall efficiency of a lighting installation?
A. age of lamp B. dust and dirt C. voltage D. all of these

32. The M.S.C.P. Of a lamp which gives out a total luminous flux of 400 n lumen is _ candela.
A. 200 B. 100 C. 50 D. 400

33. The rate of passage of radiant energy evaluated by reference to the luminous sensation produced by
it is called
A. luminous flux B. luminous radiation C. luminous plane D. luminosity

34. The illumination at various points on a horizontal surface illuminated by the same source varies as
A. cos3 0 B. cos 0 C. 1/r2 D. cos2 e

35. An instrument used to measure the intensity of a light source

A. illumination meter B. Bensen photometer C. cygnometer D. candle meter

36. The unit of illuminance is

A. lumen B. cd/m2 C. lux D. steradian

37. The ratio of lumens reaching the work plane divided by the total lumens generated by the light is
A. room ratior B. coefficient of utilization C. illumination facto D. maintenance factor

38. A 40 ft by 20 ft office is to be illuminated with duplex fluorescent luminaires at a level of 50 foot-

candles. The maintenance factor and coefficient of utilization are estimated to be 70% and 60%,
respectively. Each fluorescent produces 3,300 lumens. How many luminaires are required?
A. 18 B. 8 C. 14 D. 28

39. Candela is the unit of

A. flux B. luminous intensity C. illumination D. luminance