Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 46 views

    ECM442 Lecture 5 Preparation of BQ - NE

    Uploaded by

    Nur Syahirah
    -

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    ECM442 Lecture 5 Preparation of BQ - NE

    Uploaded by

    Nur Syahirah
    46 views22 pages
    -

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    -

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    46 views22 pages

    ECM442 Lecture 5 Preparation of BQ - NE

    Uploaded by

    Nur Syahirah
    -

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 22

    WEEK 5

    LEARNING OUTCOMES (CO1-PO1)

    Understand the preparation of bill of quantities


    Preparation of the
    bill of quantities

    Taking off

    Abstracting

    Writing a bill of quantities


    Preparation Of Bill Of Quantity

    1. List down all works related to the project and refer to any standard method of
    measurement (SMM) for example:
    Piling – Refer to CESMM for piling
    Excavation – Refer to CESMM earthwork class
    Pile Cap construction – Refer to CESMM concrete class

    2. What to refer – unit of measurement and description of works (D.O.W)

    3. Taking off quantities based on suggested unit of measurement

    4. Write A BQ- refer to SMM for D.O.W and Unit of measurement


    Taking Off

    Taking off is the process of measuring from drawings and


    recording all dimensions in recognized form on a special ruled
    paper called taking off sheet or ‘dimension paper’ as shown
    below.
    Abstracting

    Transferring the description quantity from the dimension sheet to


    the abstract sheet and collecting together items which can be
    billed under one item.

    Abstract Sheet : The cost


    under item of work
    calculated from the
    quantities already
    computed at
    workble rate, and the total
    cost is worked out in a
    prescribed from known as
    abstract sheet.
    Writing a bill of quantities

    • Ruling of bill of quantities based on CESMM


    Writing Bill Of Quantity
    There are certain principles, which should always be followed when writing a bill of quantities. It should be
    concise, accurate and well written.

    Descriptions- Each item should be described in detail enough to enable anyone reading the bill of quantities is
    able to locate the item in the works.

    Order - Item should be entered in logical order. Example :

    Excavation : Cubic

    Mass concrete : Cubic

    Reinforcement : Largest diameters first

    Brickwork : Cubic

    Steel work : Heaviest item first

    Accuracy - It is usually necessary to re-measure civil engineering works when they are completed to
    determine the exact value of the work, and therefore it is not necessary to calculate the quantities
    too accurately when preparing the bill.
    Writing Bill Of Quantity
    Numbering – All items should be measured consecutively page by page
    In building work the most usual practice is to letter the item alphabetically on each page to
    Avoid the use of large number.
    For example, the third item on page 20 of the bill of quantities. Would be referred to as item
    20/C (page 20 item C ).

    Abbreviations -The following abbreviations are often used on the dimension sheet :
    Bwk : Brickwork
    C.I : Cast iron
    M.S : Mild steel
    R.C : Reinforced concrete
    P.C : Prime cost
    L.S : Lump sum
    Thk : Thickness
    Ex : Excavation

    Abbreviations are acceptable in the dimension sheet but should never be used in the bill
    of quantities except for quantity units.
    Writing Bill Of Quantity
    Units of measurement

    The following abbreviation should be used :

    Cubic cu

    Square sq

    Linear in

    Milimetre mm

    Metre m

    Kilometer km

    Kilogram kg

    Hectare ha
    A complete set of bill of quantities

    PROVISIONAL PROVISIONAL PRIME COST PREAMBLES DAY WORK


    SUM QUANTITIES ITEMS ITEMS SCHEDULES
    amount or a Items or prime cost sum is A preamble is Daywork is a
    sum given for components of an allowance, means by which
    an explanation
    usually calculated by
    the works that work for which of a document, a contractor is
    the cost consultant,
    cannot be exact for the supply of commonly paid for
    predicted, requirements work or materials found in specifically
    defined, or and quantities to be provided by a contracts, instructed
    described in are not known sub-contractor or specifications work on the
    detail at the at the time of supplier that will basis of the
    and bills of
    be nominated by the
    time of the tendering. quantities. It cost of labour,
    client - that is, a
    tender Payment to the supplier that is can help with materials
    document are contractor is on selected by the client The and plant plus
    issued. the basis of the to carry out an interpretation a mark up for
    actual work element of of the overheads and
    carried out at the works and profit. It is
    document.
    imposed on the
    rates agreed in generally used
    main contractor after
    the contract. the main contractor when work can
    has been appointed. not be priced in
    the normal way.
    A complete set of bill of quantities

    The example of a bill of quantities for a river works contract for a


    new power station might contain the following;

    Section A - list of principal quantities


    Section B - Preamble
    Section C - Day work schedule
    Section D - Work items
    Section E - Grand Summary

    List of Section D-Work item:-


    Part 1 - General Items
    Part 2 - Demolition and site works
    Part 3 - Access roads
    Part 4 - Pipe work
    Part 5 - Dredging
    Part 6 - Pump chambers
    Part 7 - Circulating water ducts
    Part 8 - Wharf wall
    Part 9 - Jetty
    Section A- List of Principal Quantities
    The list of principal quantities being the main components of the works, with their approximate
    estimated quantities, so that tenderers obtain an overall picture of the general scale and
    character of the proposed works at the outset.

    A list of principal quantities relating to a reservoir as follows:


    Section B - Preambles

    • Introductory clauses inserted at the commencement of bill of quantities containing any


    necessary instructions, references to obligations imposed on the contractor under the term of
    the contract.

    A preamble might include:

    • A description of the parties to the contract.


    • A description of the competence (or lack of it) of the parties to the contract. This can be
    taken to set a general standard for the quality of goods or services expected, or the level
    of support required.
    • The background to the document.
    • A summary of the negotiations.
    • Tendering procedures.
    • The objectives of the project.
    • Other related documents or previous contracts and their relationship to the current
    document.
    It should only include important information and should avoid including or repeating rights or
    obligations which should be set out in the main body of the document.
    Section C – Daywork schedule/rates

    It is necessary to make provision for a daywork evaluation of work which cannot be assessed at
    bill rates. CESMM provides three alternative procedures :

    • A list of the various classes of labor, material and plant for which daywork rates or prices
    are to be inserted by the tenderer.
    • Provision for payment at the rates and prices and prices and percentage variations
    contained in the current federation schedules of daywork.
    • The insertion of provisional sums in the bill of quantities for work executed on a daywork
    basis comprising separate items for labor, materials, plants etc.
    Section D – Work Items
    Part 1 : General Item
    i)Prime Cost Items
    -Shall be inserted in BOQ under General Items (Class A) to cover work carried out by
    nominated sub contractors.
    - A prime cost sum is an allowance, usually calculated by the cost consultant, for the
    supply of work or materials to be provided by a sub-contractor or supplier that will be
    nominated by the client - that is, a supplier that is selected by the client to carry out an
    element of the works and imposed on the main contractor after the main contractor has
    been appointed.
    -work or materials by a specialist contractor or statutory body, e.g. gas, electricity, water
    and sewer connections.
    ii)Provisional sums
    - A provisional sum is an allowance, usually estimated by a cost consultant, for a
    specific element of the works that is not yet defined in enough detail for tenderers to
    accurately price.
    - Shall be used to cover contingencies of various types and they can be entered in
    various section of the BOQ for subsequent adjustment.
    - Is a monetary amount for work for which the full extent or character cannot be
    determined precisely at the time of preparing tender documents.
    Provisional quantites- cannot be determined precisely at the time of preparing tender
    documents. (subjected to remeasurement)
    Provisional Sum Example
    Provisional sum items shall be added in the separate bill called Provisional sums or Prime
    cost and Provisional sums in the Bills of Quantities.
    1. Construction of the below-ground drainage system. (When there are no tender drawings)
    2. Landscaping works
    3. Road marking for car park

    Quantity column and rate columns are usually not filled in this bill section. In the unit
    column, “Pro Sum” or “Item” can be used as a unit.
    In the amount column, the consultant will add a rounded provisional amount based on the
    experience or previous records of projects.
    Section E – General Summary

    • Total cost for the sections


    Past Year Questions
    JUNE 2016

    DEC 2016
    Past Year Questions
    JULY 2017
    Past Year Questions
    JAN 2018

    JUNE 2018
    Past Year Questions
    DEC 2018

    DEC 2019

    You might also like