𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2024 Page 1

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HIGHER SECONDARY FIRST YEAR PUBLIC EXAMINATION
MARCH– 2024
MATHEMATICS – ANSWER KEY
PART-I
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

Note: i) Answer all the questions. [𝟐𝟎 × 𝟏 = 𝟐𝟎]

ii) Choose the most appropriate answer from the given four alternatives and
write the option code and the corresponding answer
TYPE-A TYPE-B
n(n + 1) 1
1. (d) (a)
2 4
1 2
2. (c) 3 (a) a
2

et
1 2
3. (a) a (a) P(A⁄B) ≥ P(A)
2

i.N
4. (b) 2n (c) 10
5. (a) P(A⁄B) ≥ P(A) (a) 9
6. (d) 0 (b) √tan x + C
7. (d) 4 (c) 3
8. (c) 3
1 la (c) 3
sa
9. (a) (c) [0, 9]
4
10. (a) 26 (d) 4𝑖̂ + 5ĵ
11. (c) 10 (a) 0
da

4
12. (a) − (a) 0
15
13. (a) 0 (c) cos x esin x
Pa

14. (c) cos x esin x (b) 2n

4
15. (a) 9 (a) −
15
w.

a
16. (d) 4𝑖̂ + 5ĵ (d) log ( )
b
n(n + 1)
17. (b) √tan x + C (d)
ww

2
18. (a) 0 (d) 0
19. (c) [0, 9] (a) 26
a
20. (d) log ( ) (d) 4
b
PART-II
Note: [𝟕 × 𝟐 = 𝟏𝟒]
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

(i) Answer any SEVEN questions

(ii) Question number 30 is compulsory.
𝟏 𝟏 𝐀
21. If 𝟕! + 𝟖! = 𝟗! then find the value of A.
Solution:
1 1 A
+ =
7!to our
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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2024 Page 2
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1 1 A
+ =
7! 8 × 7! 9 × 8 × 7!
9 A
=
8 9×8
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

⟹ A = 9 × 9 ⟹ A = 81
22. Show that the lines are 𝟑𝐱 + 𝟐𝐲 + 𝟗 = 𝟎 and 𝟏𝟐𝐱 + 𝟖𝐲 − 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎 are parallel lines.
Solution:
Let m1 and m2 be the slopes of given lines
2
Slope of 3x + 2y + 9 = 0 is m1 = −
3
8 2
Slope of 12x + 8y − 15 = 0 is m2 = − = −
12 3
m1 = m2

et
∴ The given lines are parallel
𝟑 𝟒 𝟏
23. Compute |𝐀| if 𝐀 = [𝟎 −𝟏 𝟐].

i.N
𝟓 −𝟐 𝟔
Solution:
|A| = 3(−6 + 4) − 4(0 − 10) + 1(0 + 5)

la
= 3(−2) − 4(−10) + 5
= −6 + 40 + 5
= 39
sa
𝟑 𝟏
24. If and are mutually exclusive events 𝐏(𝐀) = and 𝐏(𝐁) = , then find 𝐏(𝐀 ̅∪𝐁 ̅)
𝟖 𝟖
Solution:
da

A and B are mutually exclusive events ⟹ P(A ∩ B) = 0

P(A̅∪B ̅) = P(A ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
∩ B)
= 1 − P(A ∩ B)
Pa

= 1−0=1
25. Find |⃗⃗⃗⃗𝐚 × ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐛 |, where ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝐚 = 𝟑𝒊̂ + 𝟒𝐣̂ and ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ̂.
𝐛 = 𝒊̂ + 𝐣̂ + 𝐤
Solution:
w.

𝑖̂ ĵ k̂
⃗⃗⃗a × ⃗⃗⃗⃗b = |3 4 0| = 𝑖̂(4 − 0) − ĵ(3 − 0) + k̂(3 − 4) = 4𝑖̂ − 3ĵ − k̂
1 1 1
ww

|⃗⃗⃗a × ⃗⃗⃗⃗b | = |4𝑖̂ − 3ĵ − k̂| = √16 + 9 + 1 = √26

𝟏
26. Find the domain of .
𝟏 − 𝟐 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝐱
Solution:
The function is defined for all x ∈ ℝ except 1 − 2 sin x = 0.
1 π
That is, except sin x = ⟹ sin x = sin
2 6
π
That is, except x = nπ + (−1)n , n ∈ Z.
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

6
π
Hence the domain is ℝ − {nπ + (−1)n }, n ∈ Z
6
𝟏−𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐀
27. Show that 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝟒𝟓° − 𝐀) = .
𝟏+𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐀
Solution:
tan 45° − tan A 1 − tan A
tan(45° − A) = =
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tan A 1 + tan A
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′′
28. Find 𝐟 if 𝐟(𝐱) = 𝐱 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝐱.
Solution:
f(x) = x cos x
′ (x)
f = x(− sin x) + cos x (1)
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

= −x sin x + cos x
′′ (x)
f = −(x(cos x) + sin x (1)) + (− sin x)
= −x cos x − sin x − sin x
′′ (x)
f = −x cos x − 2 sin x
29. Find the separate the equation of the straight lines 𝟓𝐱 𝟐 + 𝟔𝐱𝐲 + 𝐲 𝟐 = 𝟎.
Solution:
5x 2 + 6xy + y 2 = 0
5x 2 + 5xy + xy + y 2 = 0

et
5x(x + y) + y(x + y) = 0
(5x + y)(x + y) = 0

i.N
5x + y = 0 ; x + y = 0
30. Find the number of ways of arranging the letters of the word INDIA.
Solution:
INDIA

la
Number of letters = 5
Number of I’s = 2
sa
5!
Required number of arrangements = = 60
2!
PART-III
da

Note: [𝟕 × 𝟑 = 𝟐𝟏]
(i) Answer any SEVEN questions
(ii) Question number 40 is compulsory.
Pa

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
31. Simplify: 𝟑−√𝟖 − +
√𝟕−√𝟔
− +
√𝟓−𝟐
.
√𝟖−√𝟕 √𝟔−√𝟓
Solution:
1 1 1 1 1
w.

− + − +
3 − √8 √8 − √7 √7 − √6 √6 − √5 √5 − 2
1 3 + √8 1 √8 + √7 1 √7 + √6
= × − × + ×
ww

3 − √8 3 + √8 √8 − √7 √8 + √7 √7 − √6 √7 + √6
1 √6 + √5 1 √5 + 2
− × + ×
√6 − √5 √6 + √5 √5 − 2 √5 + 2
3 + √8 √8 + √7 √7 + √6 √6 + √5 √5 + 2
= − + − +
9−8 8−7 7−6 6−5 5−4
= 3 + √8 − √8 − √7 + √7 + √6 − √6 − √5 + √5 + 2
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

=5
32. Evaluate : ∫ 𝐱𝐞𝐱 𝐝𝐱
Solution:
Let I = ∫ xex dx
Take u = x ; dv = ex dx
du to
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w. k. t. ∫ u dv = uv − ∫ v du

∫ xex dx = xex − ∫ ex dx
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

∫ xex dx = xex − ex + c = ex (x − 1) + c
33. Compute the sum of first n terms of the series: 𝟔 + 𝟔𝟔 + 𝟔𝟔𝟔 + 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 + · · ·
Solution:
Given Sn = 6 + 66 + 666 + 6666 + ⋯
Sn = 6(1 + 11 + 111 + 1111 + ⋯ )
6
Sn = (9 + 99 + 999 + 9999 + ⋯ n terms)
9

et
6 (10 − 1) + (100 − 1) + (1000 − 1)
Sn = ( )
9 +(10000 − 1) + ⋯ n terms
6 (10 − 1) + (102 − 1) + (103 − 1)

i.N
Sn = ( )
9 +(104 − 1) + ⋯ n terms
6 (10 + 102 + 103 + 104 + ⋯ n terms )
Sn = ( )
9 −(1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + ⋯ n terms)

2 la
[In the above 10 + 102 + 103 + ⋯ n terms is in GP
3
10(10n − 1) 10(10n − 1)
sa
10 + 10 + 10 + ⋯ n terms = = ]
10 − 1 9
6 10(10n − 1)
Sn = ( − n)
9 9
da

60(10n − 1) 6n
Sn = −
81 9
𝐱 𝟐 −𝟔𝐱+𝟓
34. Calculate 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟑 .
Pa

𝐱→𝟑 𝐱 −𝟖𝐱+𝟕
Solution:
lim (x 2 − 6x + 5)
x 2 − 6x + 5 x→3
lim =
w.

x→3 x 3 − 8x + 7 lim (x 3 − 8x + 7)
x→3
(3)2 − 6(3) + 5
=
ww

(3)3 − 8(3) + 7
9 − 18 + 5
=
27 − 24 + 7
4
=−
10
2
=−
5
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

35. Differentiate the following with respect to x : 𝐲 = 𝐱𝐞𝐱 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝐱

Solution:
y = xex log x
dy 1
= x ex ( ) + ex . log x (1) + x log x (ex )
dx x
= e + ex log x + x ex log x
x
x (1
= eAnswers
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to xour
+ xemail
log x)
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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2024 Page 5
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𝐧 𝐧
36. If 𝐏𝐫 = 𝟕𝟐𝟎, and 𝐂𝐫 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎, find n, r.
Solution:
Given nPr = 720 and nCr = 120
w. k. t. nPr = r! × nCr
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

720 = r! × 120
r! = 6 ⟹ r! = 3! ⟹ r = 3
n
Pr = 720
n
P3 = 720
n(n − 1)(n − 2) = 72 × 10
n(n − 1)(n − 2) = 10 × 9 × 8
n = 10

et
37. Find the value of 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟏𝟎𝟓 °.
Solution:

i.N
cos 105 ° = cos(60° + 45 °)
= cos 60° cos 45° − sin 60° sin 45°
1 1 √3 1 1 − √3 √2 − √6

la
= ( )( )− ( )( ) = =
2 √2 2 √2 2√2 4
𝟐
𝐱 +𝐱−𝟓 𝐢𝐟 𝐱 ∈ (−∞, 𝟎)
sa
𝟐
𝐱 + 𝟑𝐱 − 𝟐 𝐢𝐟 𝐱 ∈ (𝟑, ∞)
38. Write the values of f at −𝟑, 𝟓, 𝟎 if 𝐟(𝐱) =
𝐱𝟐 𝐢𝐟 𝐱 ∈ (𝟎, 𝟐)
da

𝟐
{𝐱 −𝟑 𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐰𝐢𝐬𝐞
Solution:
f(−3) = (−3)2 − 3 − 5 = 9 − 8 = 1
Pa

f(5) = 52 + 3(5) − 2 = 25 + 15 − 2 = 38
f(0) = 02 − 3 = −3
Show that the vectors 𝟐𝒊̂ − 𝐣̂ + 𝐤 ̂ , 𝟑𝒊̂ − 𝟒𝐣̂ − 𝟒𝐤 ̂ , 𝒊̂ − 𝟑𝐣̂ − 𝟓𝐤 ̂ form a right-angled
39.
triangle.
w.

Solution:
⃗⃗⃗a = 2𝑖̂ − ĵ + k̂, ⃗⃗⃗⃗b = 3𝑖̂ − 4ĵ − 4k̂, ⃗⃗⃗c = 𝑖̂ − 3ĵ − 5k̂
ww

|⃗⃗⃗a | = |2𝑖̂ − ĵ + k̂| = √22 + (−1)2 + 12 = √6 ⟹ |⃗⃗⃗a |2 = 6

2
|⃗⃗⃗⃗b | = |3𝑖̂ − 4ĵ − 4k̂| = √32 + (−4)2 + (−4)2 = √41 ⟹ |⃗⃗⃗⃗b | = 41
|⃗⃗⃗c | = |𝑖̂ − 3ĵ − 5k̂| = √12 + (−3)2 + (−5)2 = √35 ⟹ |⃗⃗⃗c |2 = 35
2
|⃗⃗⃗⃗b | = |⃗⃗⃗a |2 + |⃗⃗⃗c |2
∴The vectors 2𝑖̂ − ĵ + k̂, 3𝑖̂ − 4ĵ − 4k̂, 𝑖̂ − 3ĵ − 5k̂ form a right-angled triangle
𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟏𝟏°+𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟏𝟏°
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

40. Prove that 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟏𝟏°−𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟏𝟏° = 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝟓𝟔°.

Solution:
cos 11° sin 11°
cos 11° + sin 11° cos 11° + cos 11° 1 + tan 11° tan 45° + tan 11°
= = =
cos 11° − sin 11° cos 11° − sin 11° 1 − tan 11° 1 − tan 45° tan 11°
cos 11° cos 11°
= tan(45° + 11°) = tan 56°
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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2024 Page 6
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PART-IV
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. [𝟕 × 𝟓 = 𝟑𝟓]
𝟐𝐱
41. (a) Resolve into partial fractions: (𝐱𝟐 +𝟏)(𝐱−𝟏)
.
Solution:
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

2x Ax + B C
Let = + → ①
(x 2 + 1)(x − 1) x 2 + 1 x − 1
2x = (Ax + B)(x − 1) + C(x 2 + 1)
Put x = 1 Put x = 0
2
2(1) = 0 + C(1 + 1) 0 = (0 + B)(0 − 1) + C(0 + 1)
C=1 0 = −B + C ⟹ 0 = −B + 1 ⟹ B = 1
Put x = −1
2(−1) = (A(−1) + B)(−1 − 1) + C((−1)2 + 1)

et
−2 = (−A + B)(−2) + C(2)
−1 = A − B + C

i.N
−1 = A − 1 + 1
A = −1
Sub A, B and C values in ①

la ∴ 2
2x
= 2
(x + 1)(x − 1) x + 1 x − 1
1−x
+
1
sa
(OR)
−𝟏
(b) If 𝐲 = 𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐱 , show that (𝟏 + 𝐱 𝟐 )𝐲 ′′ + (𝟐𝐱 − 𝟏)𝐲 ′ = 𝟎.
Solution:
da

−1
y = etan x
−1 1
y ′ = etan x ×
1 + x2
Pa

−1
(1 + x 2 )y ′ = etan x
(1 + x 2 )y ′ = y
(1 + x 2 )y ′′ + y ′ (2x) = y ′
w.

(1 + x 2 )y ′′ + 2xy ′ − y ′ = 0
(1 + x 2 )y ′′ + (2x − 1)y ′ = 0
42. (a) If ABCD is a quadrilateral and E and F are the midpoints of AC and BD
ww

respectively, then prove that ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝐀𝐃 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝐀𝐁 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝐂𝐁 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐂𝐃 = 𝟒𝐄𝐅 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ .
Solution:
Let O be a origin.
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = a⃗, OB
Let OA ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = b ⃗ , OC
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = c, OD ⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = d
⃗ +c
a ⃗
E is a midpoint of AC, then ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OE = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = a⃗ + c
⟹ 2OE
2
⃗b+d⃗
F is a midpoint of BD, then ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗b + ⃗d
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

OF = ⟹ 2OF
2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + AD
L. H. S = AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + CB
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + CD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ − OA
= OB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + OD
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ − OA ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + OB
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ − OC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + OD
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ − OC⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
= ⃗b − a⃗ + ⃗d − a⃗ + ⃗b − c + ⃗d − c
= 2(b ⃗ + ⃗d) − 2(a⃗ + c)
= 2(2OF ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ) − 2(2OE ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ) = 4(OF ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ − ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OE) = 4EF ⃗⃗⃗⃗ = R. H. S
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(OR)
𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝐱
+ 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝐱 ; 𝐢𝐟 𝐱 ≠ 𝟎
(b) Let 𝐟(𝐱) = { 𝐱 Show that f is continuous at 𝐱 = 𝟎.
𝟐 ; 𝐢𝐟 𝐱 = 𝟎
Solution:
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

sin x
f(x) = { x + cos x ; if x ≠ 0
2 ; if x = 0
f(0) = 2
sin x sin x
lim f(x) = lim ( + cos x) = lim + lim cos x = 1 + 1 = 2
x→0 x→0 x x→0 x x→0
∴ lim f(x) = f(0)
x→0
Hence f(x) is continuous at x = 0

et
𝟏𝟔 𝟐𝟓 𝟖𝟏
43. (a) Prove that 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟏𝟐 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟕 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟏.
𝟏𝟓 𝟐𝟒 𝟖𝟎

i.N
Solution:
16 25 81
L. H. S. = log10 2 + 16 log10 + 12 log10 + 7 log10
15 24 80
= log10 2 + 16(log10 16 − log10 15) + 12(log10 25 − log10 24)

la + 7(log10 81 − log10 80)

= log10 2 + 16(log10 24 − log10 3 × 5)
sa
+ 12(log10 52 − log10 23 × 3) + 7(log10 34 − log10 24 × 5)
= log10 2 + 16(4 log10 2 − log10 3 − log10 5)
+ 12(2 log10 5 − 3 log10 2 − log10 3)
da

+ 7(4 log10 3 − 4 log10 2 − log10 5)

= log10 2 + 64 log10 2 − 16 log10 3 − 16 log10 5 + 24 log10 5
− 36 log10 2 − 12 log10 3 + 28 log10 3 − 28 log10 2
Pa

− 7 log10 5
= log10 2 + log10 5
= log10 10 = 1 = R. H. S.
(OR)
w.

(b) There are two identical urns containing respectively 6 black and 4 red balls, 2
black and 2 red balls. An urn is chosen at random and a ball is drawn from it.
ww

(i) find the probability that the ball is black (ii) if the ball is black, what is the
probability that it is from the first urn?
Solution:
Let U1 , U2 be the event of selecting urn1 and Urn2 respectively
B, R be the event of selecting Black and Red colour respectively
1 6 3 1 2 1
P(U1 ) = ; P(B⁄U1 ) = = P(U2 ) = ; P(B⁄U2 ) = =
2 10 5 2 4 2
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

i) P(selected ball is black) = P(B)

= P(U1 )P(B⁄U1 ) + P(U2 )P(B⁄U2 )
1 3 1 1
= ( )( ) + ( )( )
2 5 2 2
22 11
= =
40 20
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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2024 Page 8
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ii) P(Selected black ball is drawn from first urn) = P(U1 ⁄B)
P(U1 )P(B⁄U1 )
=
P(U1 )P(B⁄U1 ) + P(U2 )P(B⁄U2 )
1 3 3
( 2) ( ) 6
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

= 5 = 10 =
1 3 1 1 11
(2) ( ) + (2) (2) 20 11
5
𝟑𝐱+𝟓
44. (a) Evaluate: ∫ 𝟐 𝐝𝐱.
𝐱 +𝟒𝐱+𝟕
Solution:
3x + 5
Let I = ∫ 2 dx
x + 4x + 7
d
3x + 5 = A (x 2 + 4x + 7) + B

et
dx
3x + 5 = A(2x + 4) + B
Comparing x term comparing constent

i.N
3 = 2A 5 = 4A + B
3 | 3
A= 5 = 4 ( ) + B ⟹ B = −1
2 2

la I=∫ 2
3
2
(2x + 4) − 1
dx
sa
x + 4x + 7
3 2x + 4 1
= ∫ 2 dx − ∫ 2 dx
2 x + 4x + 7 x + 4x + 7
3 2x + 4 1
da

= ∫ 2 dx − ∫ 2 dx
2 x + 4x + 7 2
(x + 2) + (√3)
3x + 5 3 2
1 −1
x+2
Pa

∫ dx = log|x + 4x + 7| − tan ( )+c

x 2 + 4x + 7 2 √3 √3
(OR)
𝟏
(b) Show that 𝐜𝐨𝐭 (𝟕 °) = √𝟐 + √𝟑 + √𝟒 + √𝟔.
w.

𝟐
Solution:
θ 1 + cos θ
cot =
ww

2 sin θ
1 15 1 + cos 15°
cot (7 °) = cot ( °) =
2 2 sin 15°
√3 + 1 2√2 + √3 + 1
1+
2√2 2√2 2√2 + √3 + 1
= = =
√3 − 1 √3 − 1 √3 − 1
2√2 2√2
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

2√2 + √3 + 1 √3 + 1
= ×
√3 − 1 √3 + 1
2√6 + 2√2 + 3 + √3 + √3 + 1
=
3−1
= √6 + √2 + 2 + √3
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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2024 Page 9
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45. (a) 𝟑 𝟑
Prove that √𝐱 𝟑 + 𝟔 − √𝐱 𝟑 + 𝟑 is approximately equal to 𝟐 when x is
𝟏
𝐱
sufficiently large.
Solution:
3 3 1 1
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

√x 3 + 6 − √x 3 + 3 = (x 3 + 6)3 − (x 3 + 3)3
1
x is sufficiently large ⟹ is smaller
x
1 1
3 3 1 6 3 1 3 3
√x 3 + 6 − √x 3 + 3 = (x 3 )3 (1 + 3 ) − (x 3 )3 (1 + 3 )
x x
1 1
6 3 3 3
= x (1 + 3 ) − x (1 + 3 )
x x

et
1 1 1 1
1 6 ( −1)
3 3 6 2 1 3 ( −1)
3 3 3 2
= x (1 + ( ) ( 3 ) + (x3 ) + ⋯ ) − x (1 + (3) (x3 ) + (x3 ) + ⋯ )
3 x 2! 2!
6 2 3 2

i.N
2 1 1 1
= x (1 + − ( 3 ) + ⋯ ) − x (1 + 3 − ( 3 ) + ⋯ )
x3 9 x x 9 x
2 36 1 1 1 9
=x+ − (x5 ) + ⋯ − x − x2 + 9 (x5 ) − ⋯
x2 9
2−1
≈
x2

la 3 3
√x 3 + 6 − √x 3 + 3 ≈
1
sa
x2
(OR)
(b) If 𝐟 ∶ 𝐑 → 𝐑 is defined by 𝐟(𝐱) = 𝟐𝐱 − 𝟑, prove that f is a bijection and find its
da

inverse.
Solution:
f(x) = 2x − 3
Pa

one – to – one:
f(x) = f(y) ⟹ 2x − 3 = 2y − 3 ⟹ 2x = 2y ⟹ x = y
∴ f is one − to − one function
onto:
w.

y+3
∀ y ∈ ℝ such that x =
2
y+3 y+3
ww

f(x) = f ( ) = 2( ) − 3 = y + 3 − 3 ⟹ f(x) = y
2 2
∴ f is onto
Hence, f is bijection function
Inverse:
y = f(x) ⟹ x = f −1 (y) → ①
y+3
y = f(x) = 2x − 3 ⟹ y + 3 = 2x ⟹ x = → ②
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

2
From ① and ②, we get
y+3
f −1 (y) =
2
Replace y by x
x+3
f −1 (x) =
2
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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2024 Page 10
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46. (a) State and prove Napier’s Formula.
In ΔABC, we have
A−B a−b C
(i) tan = cot
2 a+b 2
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

B−C b−c A
(ii) tan = cot
2 b+c 2
C−A c−a B
(iii) tan = cot
2 c+a 2
Proof:
w. k. t. a = 2R sin A , b = 2R sin B , c = 2R sin C
a−b C 2R sin A − 2R sin B C
cot = cot
a+b 2 2R sin A + 2R sin B 2

et
sin A − sin B C
= cot
sin A + sin B 2
A+B A−B

i.N
2 cos sin
= 2 2 cot C
A+B A−B 2
2 sin cos
2 2
A+B A−B C

la = cot
2
C
tan
2
A−B
cot
2
C
sa
= cot (90° − ) tan cot
2 2 2
C A−B 1
= tan tan
2 2 tan C
da

2
A−B
= tan
2
Similarly, we can prove the other two results.
Pa

(OR)
(b) If the equation 𝛌𝐱 − 𝟏𝟎𝐱𝐲 + 𝟏𝟐𝐲 𝟐 + 𝟓𝐱 − 𝟏𝟔𝐲 − 𝟑 = 𝟎 represents a pair of
𝟐

straight lines, find (i) the value of λ and the separate equations of the lines (ii)
w.

point of intersection of the lines (iii) angle between the lines

Solution:
(i) general equation is ax 2 + 2hxy + by 2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
ww

Comparing the given equation λx 2 − 10xy + 12y 2 + 5x − 16y − 3 = 0

5
a = λ, b = 12, c = −3, h = −5, g = , f = −8
2
condition for pair of straight lines
abc + 2fgh − af 2 − bg 2 − ch2 = 0
5 5 2
λ(12)(−3) + 2(−8) ( ) (−5) − λ(−8) − 12 ( ) − (−3)(−5)2 = 0
2
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

2 2
−36λ + 200 − 64λ − 75 + 75 = 0, ⟹ λ = 2
The equation is 2x 2 − 10xy + 12y 2 + 5x − 16y − 3 = 0
2x 2 − 10xy + 12y 2 ≡ (x − 2y)(2x − 6y)
2x 2 − 10xy + 12y 2 + 5x − 16y − 3 ≡ (x − 2y + c1 )(2x − 6y + c2 )
Equating like terms, we get
2c1key
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2 = 5, to our
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1 + cid
2 = 8, c1 c2 = −3
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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2024 Page 11
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Solving first two equations, we get c1 = 3, c2 = −1
The separate equations of the lines are x − 2y + 3 = 0 and 2x − 6y − 1 = 0
(ii) Point of intersection of the lines is given by
hf − bg hg − af 7
( , ) = (−10, − )
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

ab − h2 ab − h2 2
(iii) Angle between the lines is given by
2√h2 − ab 2√25 − 24 1
tan θ = | |= =
a+b 2 + 12 7
1
θ = tan−1 ( )
7
𝟐
𝐛+𝐜 𝐚 𝐚
47. (a) Show that | 𝐜 + 𝐚 𝐛 𝐛𝟐 | = (𝐚 + 𝐛 + 𝐜)(𝐚 − 𝐛)(𝐛 − 𝐜)(𝐜 − 𝐚)

et
𝐚 + 𝐛 𝐜 𝐜𝟐
Solution:

i.N
b + c a a2
Let |A| = | c + a b b2 |
a + b c c2
Put a = b

la b + c b b2
|A| = | c + b b b2 |
sa
b + b c c 2 ∵R1≡R2
|A| = 0
2−1
∴ (a − b) = (a − b) is a factor of |A|
da

Similarly, (b − c) and (c − a) are factor of |A|

d. d = 4 ; f. d = 3
m = d. d − f. d = 4 − 3 = 1
Pa

other factor is k(a + b + c)

2
b+c a a
| c + a b b2 | = k(a + b + c)(a − b)(b − c)(c − a) → ①
a + b c c2
w.

put a = 0 ; b = 1 ; c = 2
2
1+2 0 0
ww

|2 + 0 1 12 | = k(0 + 1 + 2)(0 − 1)(1 − 2)(2 − 0)

0 + 1 2 22
3 0 0
|2 1 1| = 6k
1 2 4
3(4 − 2) − 0 + 0 = 6k
6 = 6k
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

k=1
Sub k = 1 in ① we get
2
b+c a a
| c + a b b2 | = (a + b + c)(a − b)(b − c)(c − a)
a + b c c2
(OR)
(b) 𝟐𝐧+𝟐
Prove that 𝟑 − 𝟖𝐧 − 𝟗 is divisible by 8 for all 𝐧 ≥ 𝟏.
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 𝕄𝕊′ 𝕤 𝕄𝔸𝕋ℍ𝔼𝕄𝔸𝕋𝕀ℂ𝕊 XI –ANSWER KEY-MARCH-2024 Page 12
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Solution:
P(n) ≔ 32n+2 − 8n − 9 is divisible by 8
Put n = 1
P(1) ≔ 32(1)+2 − 8(1) − 9 = 81 − 17 = 64 is a multiple of 8
M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

P(1) is divisible by 8
P(1) is true
Let us assume that the statement is true for n = k
i. e. , P(k) ≔ 32k+2 − 8k − 9 is divisible by 8
32k+2 − 8k − 9
= m ⟹ 32k+2 − 8k − 9 = 8m
8
32k+2 = 8m + 8k + 9
To prove that the statement is true for n = k + 1

et
i. e. , P(k + 1) = 32(k+1)+2 − 8(k + 1) − 9
= 32k+2 32 − 8k − 8 − 9

i.N
= [8m + 8k + 9]9 − 8k − 17
= 72m + 72k + 81 − 8k − 17
= 72m + 64k + 64

la
= 8[9m + 8k + 8] is a multiple of 8
P(k + 1) is divisible by 8
⟹ P(k + 1) is true
sa
∴ P(k + 1) is true whenever p(k) is true
Hence by the principle of mathematical induction for n ≥ 1
32n+2 − 8n − 9 is divisible by 8.
da
Pa

Prepared by
M. SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.
POST GRADUATE TEACHER
w.

BHARATHIDASAN MAT. HR. SEC. SCHOOL

Tiruvallur
ww

M.SANKAR M.Sc., B.Ed.,

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