COMPLEX NUMBER

CONTENTS
KEY CONCEPT .................................................................. Page –2

ELEMENTARY EXERCISE .............................................. Page –7

EXERCISE–I ...................................................................... Page –8

EXERCISE–II ..................................................................... Page –11

EXERCISE–III(A) .............................................................. Page –23

EXERCISE–III(B) .............................................................. Page –31

EXERCISE–IV .................................................................... Page –41

ANSWER KEY .................................................................... Page –43-45

 COMPLEX NUMBER

KEY CONCEPTS
1. DEFINITION :
Complex numbers are definited as expressions of the form a + ib where a, b R & i = 1 . It is
denoted by z i.e. z = a + ib. ‘a’ is called as real part of z (Re z) and ‘b’ is called as imaginary part of
z (Im z).
EVERY COMPLEX NUMBER CAN BE REGARDED AS

Purely real Purely imaginary Imaginary

if b = 0 if a = 0 if b  0
Note :
(a) The set R of real numbers is a proper subset of the Complex Numbers. Hence the Complete Number
system is N  W  I  Q  R  C.
(b) Zero is both purely real as well as purely imaginary but not imaginary.
(c) i = 1 is called the imaginary unit. Also i² =  l ; i3 = i ; i4 = 1 etc.
(d) a b = a b only if atleast one of either a or b is non-negative.

2. CONJUGATE COMPLEX :
If z = a + ib then its conjugate complex is obtained by changing the sign of its imaginary part &
is denoted by z . i.e. z = a  ib.
Note that :
(i) z + z = 2 Re(z) (ii) z  z = 2i Im(z) (iii) z z = a² + b² which is real
(iv) If z lies in the 1 quadrant then z lies in the 4 quadrant and  z lies in the 2nd quadrant.
st th

3. ALGEBRAIC OPERATIONS :
The algebraic operations on complex numbers are similiar to those on real numbers treating i as a
polynomial. Inequalities in complex numbers are not defined. There is no validity if we say that complex
number is positive or negative.
e.g. z > 0, 4 + 2i < 2 + 4 i are meaningless .
However in real numbers if a2 + b2 = 0 then a = 0 = b but in complex numbers,
z12 + z22 = 0 does not imply z1 = z2 = 0.
4. EQUALITY IN COMPLEX NUMBER :
Two complex numbers z1 = a1 + ib1 & z2 = a2 + ib2 are equal if and only if their real & imaginary
parts coincide.
5. REPRESENTATION OF A COMPLEX NUMBER IN VARIOUS FORMS :
(a) Cartesian Form (Geometric Representation) :
Every complex number z = x + i y can be represented by a point on
the cartesian plane known as complex plane (Argand diagram) by the
ordered pair (x, y).
length OP is called modulus of the complex number denoted by z &
 is called the argument or amplitude .
eg. z = x 2  y 2 & 
y
 = tan1 (angle made by OP with positive xaxis)
x

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

NOTE :
z if z  0
(i) z is always non negative . Unlike real numbers z =  is not correct
 z if z  0
(ii) Argument of a complex number is a many valued function . If  is the argument of a complex number
then 2 n+  ; n  I will also be the argument of that complex number. Any two arguments of a
complex number differ by 2n.
(iii) The unique value of  such that –  <   is called the principal value of the argument.
(iv) Unless otherwise stated, amp z implies principal value of the argument.
(v) By specifying the modulus & argument a complex number is defined completely. For the complex number
0 + 0 i the argument is not defined and this is the only complex number which is given by its modulus.
(vi) There exists a one-one correspondence between the points of the plane and the members of the set of
complex numbers.
(b) Trignometric / Polar Representation :
z = r (cos  + i sin ) where | z | = r ; arg z =  ; z = r (cos  i sin )
Note: cos  + i sin  is also written as CiS .
eix  e ix eix  e ix
Also cos x = & sin x = are known as Euler's identities.
2 2
(c) Exponential Representation :
z = rei ; | z | = r ; arg z =  ; z = re i
6. IMPORTANT PROPERTIES OF CONJUGATE / MODULI / AMPLITUDE :
If z , z1 , z2  C then ;
(a) z + z = 2 Re (z) ; z  z = 2 i Im (z) ; (z) = z ; z1  z 2 = z1 + z 2 ;

 z1 
z1  z 2 = z1  z 2 ; z1 z 2 = z1 . z 2   = z1 ; z2  0
z  z2
 2
2
(b) | z |  0 ; | z |  Re (z) ; | z |  Im (z) ; | z | = | z | = | – z | ; z z = | z | ;
z1 | z1 |
 z1 z2  =  z1 | .  z2  ; = , z2  0 , | zn | = | z |n ;
z2 | z2 |

| z1 + z2 |2 + | z1 – z2 |2 = 2 [| z1 |2  | z 2 |2 ]
z1 z2  z1 + z2  z1+ z2 [ TRIANGLE INEQUALITY ]
(c) (i) amp (z1 . z2) = amp z1 + amp z2 + 2 k. kI
z 
(ii) amp  1  = amp z1  amp z2 + 2 k; kI
 z2 
(iii) amp(zn) = n amp(z) + 2k .
where proper value of k must be chosen so that RHS lies in (, ].

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

(7) VECTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF A COMPLEX :

Every complex number can be considered as if it is the position vector of that point. If the point P
 
represents the complex number z then, OP = z &  OP  = z
NOTE :
   
(i) If OP = z = r ei  then OQ = z1 = r ei ( + ) = z . e i. If OP and OQ are
 
of unequal magnitude then OQ  OP e i
(ii) If A, B, C & D are four points representing the complex numbers
z1, z2 , z3 & z4 then
z z
AB  CD if 4 3 is purely real ;
z 2  z1
z 4  z3
AB  CD if z  z is purely imaginary ]
2 1
(iii) If z1, z2, z3 are the vertices of an equilateral triangle where z0 is its circumcentre then
(a) z 12 + z 22 + z 23  z1 z2  z2 z3  z3 z1 = 0 (b) z 12 + z 22 + z 23 = 3 z 20
8. DEMOIVRE’S THEOREM :
Statement : cos n  + i sin n  is the value or one of the values of (cos + i sin )n ¥ n  Q. The
theorem is very useful in determining the roots of any complex quantity
Note : Continued product of the roots of a complex quantity should be determined
using theory of equations.
9. CUBE ROOT OF UNITY :
 1 i 3  1 i 3
(i) The cube roots of unity are 1 , , .
2 2
(ii) If w is one of the imaginary cube roots of unity then 1 + w + w² = 0. In general
1 + wr + w2r = 0 ; where r  I but is not the multiple of 3.
(iii) In polar form the cube roots of unity are :
2 2 4 4
cos 0 + i sin 0 ; cos + i sin , cos + i sin
3 3 3 3
(iv) The three cube roots of unity when plotted on the argand plane constitute the verties of an equilateral triangle.
(v) The following factorisation should be remembered :
(a, b, c  R &  is the cube root of unity)
a3  b3 = (a  b) (a  b) (a  ²b) ; x2 + x + 1 = (x  ) (x  2) ;
a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a + b) (a + 2b) ;
a3 + b3 + c3  3abc = (a + b + c) (a + b + ²c) (a + ²b + c)
10. nth ROOTS OF UNITY :
If 1 , 1 , 2 , 3 ..... n  1 are the n , nth root of unity then :
(i) They are in G.P. with common ratio ei(2/n) &
(ii) 1p +  1p +  2p + .... + pn  1 = 0 if p is not an integral multiple of n
= n if p is an integral multiple of n
(iii) (1  1) (1  2) ...... (1  n  1) = n &
(1 + 1) (1 + 2) ....... (1 + n  1) = 0 if n is even and 1 if n is odd.
(iv) 1 . 1 . 2 . 3 ......... n  1 = 1 or 1 according as n is odd or even.

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11. THE SUM OF THE FOLLOWING SERIES SHOULD BE REMEMBERED :

sin n 2  n 1
(i) cos  + cos 2  + cos 3  + ..... + cos n  = cos   
sin  2  2 
sin n 2  n  1 
(ii) sin  + sin 2  + sin 3  + ..... + sin n  = sin   
sin  2  2 
Note : If  = (2/n) then the sum of the above series vanishes.
12. STRAIGHT LINES & CIRCLES IN TERMS OF COMPLEX NUMBERS :
nz  mz 2
(A) If z1 & z2 are two complex numbers then the complex number z = 1 divides the joins of z1
mn
& z2 in the ratio m : n.
Note:
(i) If a , b , c are three real numbers such that az1 + bz2 + cz3 = 0 ;
where a + b + c = 0 and a,b,c are not all simultaneously zero, then the complex numbers z1 , z2 & z3
are collinear.
(ii) If the vertices A, B, C of a  represent the complex nos. z1, z2, z3 respectively, then :
z1  z 2  z 3
(a) Centroid of the  ABC = :
3
(b) Orthocentre of the  ABC =
a sec A z1  b sec Bz 2  c sec Cz3 z1 tan A  z 2 tan B  z 3 tan C
OR
a sec A  b sec B  c sec C tan A  tan B  tan C
(c) Incentre of the  ABC = (az1 + bz2 + cz3)  (a + b + c) .
(d) Circumcentre of the  ABC = :
(Z1 sin 2A + Z2 sin 2B + Z3 sin 2C)  (sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C) .
(B) amp(z) =  is a ray emanating from the origin inclined at an angle  to the x axis.
(C) z  a = z  b is the perpendicular bisector of the line joining a to b.
(D) The equation of a line joining z1 & z2 is given by ;
z = z1 + t (z1  z2) where t is a perameter.
(E) z = z1 (1 + it) where t is a real parameter is a line through the point z1 & perpendicular to oz1.
(F) The equation of a line passing through z1 & z2 can be expressed in the determinant form as

z z 1
z1 z1 1 = 0. This is also the condition for three complex numbers to be collinear..
z2 z2 1
(G) Complex equation of a straight line through two given points z1 & z2 can be written as
z z1  z 2   z z1  z 2   z1z 2  z1z 2  = 0, which on manipulating takes the form as  z   z  r = 0
where r is real and  is a non zero complex constant.
(H) The equation of circle having centre z0 & radius  is :
z  z0 =  or z z  z0 z  z 0 z + z 0 z0  ² = 0 which is of the form

zz  zz r = 0 , r is real centre  & radius   r .

Circle will be real if    r  0 .

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(I) The equation of the circle described on the line segment joining z1 & z2 as diameter is :
z  z2 
(i) arg = ± or (z  z1) ( z  z 2) + (z  z2) ( z  z 1) = 0
z  z1 2
(J) Condition for four given points z1 , z2 , z3 & z4 to be concyclic is, the number
z 3  z1 z 4  z 2
. is real. Hence the equation of a circle through 3 non collinear points z1, z2 & z3 can be
z 3  z 2 z 4  z1
z  z 2  z 3  z1  z  z 2 z 3  z1  z  z 2 z3  z1 
taken as is real 
z  z1  z 3  z 2  z  z1 z3  z 2  = z  z1 z3  z 2 
13. Reflection points for a straight line :
Two given points P & Q are the reflection points for a given straight line if the given line is the right
bisector of the segment PQ. Note that the two points denoted by the complex numbers z1 & z2 will be
the reflection points for the straight line  z   z  r  0 if and only if ;  z   z  r  0 , where r is
1 2
real and is non zero complex constant.

14. PTOLEMY’S THEOREM :

It states that the product of the lengths of the diagonals of a convex quadrilateral inscribed in
a circle is equal to the sum of the lengths of the two pairs of its opposite sides.
i.e. z1  z3 z2  z4 = z1  z2 z3  z4 + z1  z4 z2  z3.

15. LOGARITHM OF A COMPLEX QUANTITY :

1  
(i) Loge (+ i ) = Loge (² + ²) + i  2n  tan 1  where n  I.
2  
 
  2 n  
 2
(ii) ii represents a set of positive real numbers given by e , n  I.

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ELEMENTARY EXERCISE
Q.1 Simplify and express the result in the form of a + bi
2 2 2
 4i 3  i 
(a) i (9 + 6 i) (2  i)1 (b)   (c) 3  2i  3  2i (d) 2  i   2  i  (e) i   i
 2i  1  2  5i 2  5i 2  i 2  i
 
(f) A square P1P2P3P4 is drawn in the complex plane with P1 at (1, 0) and P3 at (3, 0). Let Pn denotes
the point (xn, yn) n = 1, 2, 3, 4. Find the numerical value of the product of complex numbers
(x1 + i y1)(x2 + i y2)(x3 + i y3)(x4 + i y4).
x y 5  6i
Q.2 Given that x , y  R, solve : (a) (x + 2y) + i (2x  3y) = 5  4i (b)  
1  2i 3  2i 8i  1
(c) x²  y²  i (2x + y) = 2i (d) (2 + 3i) x²  (3  2i) y = 2x  3y + 5i

Q.3 Find the square root of : (a) 9 + 40 i (b) 11  60 i (c) 50 i

Q.4 (a) If f (x) = x4 + 9x3 + 35x2  x + 4, find f ( – 5 + 4i)

(b) If g (x) = x4  x3 + x2 + 3x  5, find g(2 + 3i)

Q.5 Among the complex numbers z satisfying the condition z  3  3 i  3 , find the number having the
least positive argument.
Q.6 Solve the following equations over C and express the result in the form a + ib, a, b  R.
(a) ix2  3x  2i = 0 (b) 2 (1 + i) x2  4 (2  i) x  5  3 i = 0
Q.7 Locate the points representing the complex number z on the Argand plane:
2 2 z3
(a) z + 1  2i = 7 ; (b) z  1  z  1 = 4 ; (c) = 3 ; (d) z  3 = z  6
z3

Q.8 If a & b are real numbers between 0 & 1 such that the points z1 = a + i, z2 = 1 + bi & z3 = 0 form an
equilateral triangle, then find the values of 'a' and 'b'.

Q.9 Let z1 = 1 + i and z2 = – 1 – i. Find z3  C such that triangle z1, z2, z3 is equilaterial.

Q.10 For what real values of x & y are the numbers  3 + ix2 y & x2 + y + 4i conjugate complex?

Q.11 Find the modulus, argument and the principal argument of the complex numbers.
2i
(i) 6 (cos 310°  i sin 310°) (ii) 2 (cos 30° + i sin 30°) (iii)
4 i  (1  i) 2

x y
Q.12 If (x + iy)1/3 = a + bi ; prove that 4 (a2  b2) =  .
a b

1 z  z2
Q.13 Let z be a complex number such that z  c\R and R, then prove that | z | =1.
1  z  z2

Q.14 Prove the identity,  

| 1  z1z 2 |2  | z1  z 2 |2  1 | z1 |2 1 | z 2 |2 
Q.15 Prove the identity,  
| 1  z1z 2 |2  | z1  z 2 |2  1  | z1 |2 1  | z 2 |2 
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2 2 2 2
Q.16 For any two complex numbers, prove that z1  z 2  z1  z 2 
= 2 z1  z 2  . Also give the
geometrical interpretation of this identity.

Q.17 (a) Find all nonzero complex numbers Z satisfying Z = i Z².

(b) If the complex numbers z1, z2, .................zn lie on the unit circle |z| = 1 then show that
|z1 + z2 + ..............+zn| = |z1–1+ z2–1+................+zn–1| .

Q.18 Find the Cartesian equation of the locus of 'z' in the complex plane satisfying, | z – 4 | + z + 4 | = 16.

n
Q.19 Let z = (0, 1)  C. Express  zk in terms of the positive integer n.
k 0
Paragraph for question nos. 20 to 22
zi
Consider a complex number w = where z = x + iy, where x, y  R.
2z  1
Q.20 If the complex number w is purely imaginary then locus of z is
(A) a straight line
 1 1 5
(B) a circle with centre   ,  and radius .
 4 2 4
1 1
(C) a circle with centre  ,   and passing through origin..
4 2
(D) neither a circle nor a straight line.

Q.21 If the complex number w is purely real then locus of z is

(A) a straight line passing through origin
(B) a straight line with gradient 3 and y intercept (–1)
(C) a straight line with gradient 2 and y intercept 1.
(D) none

Q.22 If | w | = 1 then the locus of P is

(A) a point circle (B) an imaginary circle (C) a real circle (D) not a circle.

EXERCISE-1 (Subjective Questions)

Q.1 Find the modulus, argument and the principal argument of the complex numbers.

 10   10 
(i) z = 1 + cos   + i sin  9  (ii) (tan1 – i)2
 9   

5  12i  5  12i i 1
(iii) z = (iv)  2  2
5  12i  5  12i i 1  cos   sin
 5  5
Q.2(a) Let Z is complex satisfying the equation, z2 – (3 + i)z + m + 2i = 0, where m  R.
Suppose the equation has a real root, then find the value of m.
(b) a, b, c are real numbers in the polynomial, P(Z) = 2Z4 + aZ3 + bZ2 + cZ + 3
If two roots of the equation P(Z) = 0 are 2 and i, then find the value of 'a'.

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Q.3 Find the real values of x & y for which z1 = 9y2  4  10 i x and
z2 = 8y2  20 i are conjugate complex of each other.

Q.4(a) Solve the following equation z2 – (3 – 2 i)z = (5i – 5) expressing your answer in the form of (a + ib).
(b) If (1  i) is a root of the equation, z3  2 (2  i) z2 + (4  5 i) z  1 + 3 i = 0, then find the other two roots.

Q.5(a) If i Z3 + Z2  Z + i = 0, then find | Z |.

z1  2z 2
(b) Let z1 and z2 be two complex numbers such that = 1 and | z2 |  1, find | z1 |.
2  z1z 2
Q.6(a) Let z1, z2 be complex numbers with | z1 | = | z2 | = 1, prove that | z1 + 1 | + | z2 + 1 | + | z1z2 + 1 |  2.
(b) Find the minimum value of the expression E = | z |2 + | z – 3 |2 + | z – 6i |2
(where z = x + iy, x, y  R).

Q.7 Show that the product,

22 2n
  1i    1i     1i     1i  
2
 
1 2  1 2   1 2  ......1 2   is equal to  1  1n  (1+ i) where n  2 .
       


 
 
  2
2 

Q.8 Interpret the following locii in z  C.

 z  2i 
(a) 1 < z  2i < 3 (b) Re    4 (z  2i)
iz 2
(c) Arg (z + i)  Arg (z  i) = /2 (d) Arg (z  a) = /3 where a = 3 + 4i.

Q.9 Let A = {a  R | the equation (1 + 2i)x3 – 2(3 + i)x2 + (5 – 4i)x + 2a2 = 0}

has at least one real root. Find the value of a2 .
aA
Q.10 One root of the cubic 3 2
2z – (5 + 6i)z + 9iz + 1 – 3i = 0 is real. If all the three roots of this cubic are
plotted on the complex plane, the find the area of the triangle formed by them.

Q.11 ABCD is a rhombus. Its diagonals AC and BD intersect at the point M and satisfying
BD = 2AC. If the points D and M represent the complex numbers 1 + i and 2 – i respectively and if
x1x 2
(x1 + iy1) and (x2 + iy2) are the complex numbers of the points A and C, then find the value of .
y1y 2
Q.12 Let  + i;  R, be a root of the equation x3 + qx + r = 0; q, r  R. Find a real cubic equation,
independent of  & , whose one root is 2.

Q.13 Given the z1, z2 and z3 are complex numbers with | z1 | = | z2 | = | z3 | = 1, z1 + z2 + z3 = 1 and
z1z2z3 = 1. Find z1  2 z 2  2 z3  2 .

Q.14(a)Let z = x + iy, where x, y  R and i   1 . Find the radius of circle inscribed in the triangle formed

z2 1
by locus of P(z) satisfying  R and the line 4x + 3y = 12.
z2 1
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 COMPLEX NUMBER

2  1
Q.14(b) Consider a complex number z = where  = x + iy (  i and x, y  R). If Im (z) = – 2,
i  1
then the locus of  is a straight line. Find the x-intercept of the line.
[Note : Im (z) denotes imaginary part of z and i2 = – 1.]

Im Z5
Q.15 If Z is a non-real complex number, then find the minimum value of .
Im5 Z


Q.16 Resolve Z5 + 1 into linear & quadratic factors with real coefficients. Deduce that : 4·sin  ·cos = 1.
10 5

Q.17 Dividing f(z) by z  i, we get the remainder i and dividing it by z + i, we get the remainder
1 + i. Find the remainder upon the division of f(z) by z² + 1.

Q.18 Let z1, z2  C such that z12 + z22  R. If z1(z12 – 3z22) = 10 and z2(3z12 – z22) = 30,
Find the value of (z12 + z22).

Q.19 If the expression z5 – 32 can be factorised into linear and quadratic factors over real coefficients as
(z5 – 32) = (z – 2)(z2 – pz + 4)(z2 – qz + 4) then find the value of (p2 + 2p).

Q.20 Let zi (i = 1, 2, 3, 4) represent the vertices of a square all of which lie on the sides of the triangle with
vertices (0,0), (2,1) and (3, 0). If z1 and z2 are purely real, then area of triangle formed by
m
z3 , z4 and origin is (where m and n are in their lowest form). Find the value of (m + n).
n
Q.21(i) Let Cr's denotes the combinatorial coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)n, n  N. If the integers
an = C0 + C3 + C6 + C9 + ........
bn = C1 + C4 + C7 + C10 + ........
and cn = C2 + C5 + C8 + C11 + ........, then
prove that (a) a 3n  b3n  c3n – 3anbncn = 2n, (b) (an – bn)2 + (bn – cn)2 + (cn – an)2 = 2.
(ii) Prove the identity: (C0 – C2 + C4 – C6 + .....)2 + (C1 – C3 + C5 – C7 + .......)2 = 2n

Q.22 Let z1 , z2 , z3 , z4 be the vertices A , B , C , D respectively of a square on the Argand diagram

taken in anticlockwise direction then prove that :
(i) 2z2 = (1 + i) z1 + (1 i)z3 & (ii) 2z4 = (1 i) z1 + (1 + i) z3

Q.23 Let f (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d be a cubic polynomial with real coefficients satisfying f (i) = 0 and
f (1 + i) = 5. Find the value of a2 + b2 + c2 + d2.

Q.24 A particle starts to travel from a point P on the curve C1 : |z – 3 – 4i| = 5, where | z | is maximum.
3
From P, the particle moves through an angle tan–1 in anticlockwise direction on |z – 3 – 4i| = 5
4
and reaches at point Q. From Q, it comes down parallel to imaginary axis by 2 units and reaches at
point R. Find the complex number corresponding to point R in the Argand plane.
p
32  10  2q 2q  
Q.25 Evaluate:  (3 p  2)    sin  i cos 
p 1  q 1  11 11  

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EXERCISE-2

SPECIAL DPP-1

Q.1 If z + z3 = 0 then which of the following must be true on the complex plane?
(A) Re(z) < 0 (B) Re(z) = 0 (C) Im(z) = 0 (D) z4 = 1

Q.2 Let i =  1 . The product of the real part of the roots of z2 – z = 5 – 5i is

(A) – 25 (B) – 6 (C) – 5 (D) 25
Q.3 There is only one way to choose real numbers M and N such that when the polynomial
5x4 + 4x3 + 3x2 + Mx + N is divided by the polynomial x2 + 1, the remainder is 0. If M and N assume
these unique values, then M – N is
(A) – 6 (B) – 2 (C) 6 (D) 2
Q.4 In the quadratic equation x2 + (p + iq) x + 3i = 0, p & q are real. If the sum of the squares of the roots
is 8 then
(A) p = 3, q =  1 (B) p = –3, q = –1 (C) p = ± 3, q = ± 1 (D) p =  3, q = 1
Q.5 The complex number z satisfying z + | z | = 1 + 7i then the value of | z |2 equals
(A) 625 (B) 169 (C) 49 (D) 25
Q.6 Number of values of z (real or complex) simultaneously satisfying the system of equations
1 + z + z2 + z3 + .......... + z17 = 0 and 1 + z + z2 + z3 + .......... + z13 = 0 is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
Q.7 Number of complex numbers z satisfying z 3  z is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 5
Q.8 If 1/3
x=9 9 9 1/9 1/27 ......ad inf

y = 41/3 4–1/9 41/27 ...... ad inf and z=  (1 + i) – r
r 1
then , the argument of the complex number w = x + yz is
 2  2  2 
(A) 0 (B)  – tan–1  3  (C) – tan–1  3  (D) – tan–1  
     3
Q.9 Let z = 9 + bi where b is non zero real and i2 = – 1. If the imaginary part of z2 and z3 are equal, then b2 equals
(A) 261 (B) 225 (C) 125 (D) 361
2
Q.10 If z is a complex number satisfying the equation | z – (1 + i) |2 = 2 and  = ,
z
then the locus traced by '' in the complex plane is
(A) x – y – 1 = 0 (B) x + y – 1 = 0 (C) x – y + 1 = 0 (D) x + y + 1 = 0
13
Q.11 The value of the sum  i n  i n 1  , where i = 1 , equals
n 1

(A) i (B) i  1 (C)  i (D) 0

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.12 If the expression (1 + ir)3 is of the form of s(1 + i) for some real 's' where 'r' is also real and i = 1 ,
then the value of 'r' can be
  5
(A) cot (B) sec  (C) tan (D) tan
8 12 12
Q.13 Consider two concentric circles S1 : | z | = 1 and S2 : | z | = 2 on the Argand plane. A variable parabola
is drawn through the points where 'S1' meets the real axis and having arbitrary tangent drawn to 'S2'
as its directrix. If the locus of the focus of the parabola is a conic C then find the area of the quadrilateral
formed by the tangents at the ends of the latus-rectum of conic C.

SPECIAL DPP-2
imaginary
Q.1 The digram shows several numbers in the complex plane. The circle is axis F
the unit circle centered at the origin. One of these numbers is the reciprocal
D
of F, which is
(A) A (B) B O real axis
C
(C) C (D) D
1  iz B A
Q.2 If z = x + iy &  = then = 1 implies that, in the complex plane
zi
(A) z lies on the imaginary axis (B) z lies on the real axis
(C) z lies on the unit circle (D) none
Q.3 On the complex plane locus of a point z satisfying the inequality
2  | z – 1 | < 3 denotes
(A) region between the concentric circles of radii 3 and 1 centered at (1, 0)
(B) region between the concentric circles of radii 3 and 2 centered at (1, 0) excluding the inner and outer
boundaries.
(C) region between the concentric circles of radii 3 and 2 centered at (1, 0) including the inner and outer
boundaries.
(D) region between the concentric circles of radii 3 and 2 centered at (1, 0) including the inner boundary
and excluding the outer boundary.
Q.4
(a) The locus of z, for arg z = –  3 is
(A) same as the locus of z for arg z = 2 3
(B) same as the locus of z for arg z =  3
(C) the part of the straight line 3 x  y = 0 with (y < 0, x > 0)
(D) the part of the straight line 3 x  y = 0 with (y > 0, x < 0)
2
(b) Let z be a complex number such that arg (z – 2) = and | z | = 2. Then principle value of the argument
3
of z is
   
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 3 6 2

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.5 If z1 & z1 represent adjacent vertices of a regular polygon of n sides with centre at the origin and
Im z1
if  2  1 then the value of n is equal to
Re z1
(A) 8 (B) 12 (C) 16 (D) 24

1 1
Q.6 Let z = x + iy, where x, y  R and i =  1 . If locus of P(z) satisfying Re   =
z 2
represents a circle then maximum distance of a point on the circle from M ( – 2, 4), is equal to
[Note: Re(z) denotes the real part of z.]
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 8

x
Q.7 All real numbers x which satisfy the inequality 1  4i  2  5 where i =  1 , x  R are
(A) [ 2 , ) (B) (– , 2] (C) [0, ) (D) [–2, 0]

6
1 i 6
1 i 6
1 i
Q.8 For Z1 = ; Z2 = ; Z3 = which of the following holds good?
1 i 3 3 i 3 i
2 3
(A)  | Z1 |  (B) | Z1 |4 + | Z2 |4 = | Z3 |–8
2
(C)  | Z1 |3  | Z 2 |3  | Z3 |6 (D) | Z1 |4  | Z2 |4  | Z3 |8

Q.9 Number of real or purely imaginary solution of the equation, z3 + i z  1 = 0 is :

(A) zero (B) one (C) two (D) three

Q.10 A point 'z' moves on the curve z  4  3 i = 2 in an argand plane. The maximum and minimum values
of z are
(A) 2, 1 (B) 6, 5 (C) 4, 3 (D) 7, 3

Q.11 If z is a complex number satisfying the equation | z + i | + | z – i | = 8, on the complex plane then
maximum value of | z | is
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8

Q.12 Let zr (1  r  4) be complex numbers such that | zr | = r  1

and | 30 z1 + 20 z2 + 15 z3 + 12 z4| = k | z1z2 z3+ z2z3 z4+ z3z4 z1+ z4z1 z2 |.
Then the value of k equals
(A) | z1z2 z3 | (B) | z2z3 z4 | (C) | z3z4 z1 | (D) | z4z1 z2 |

SPECIAL DPP-3

Q.1 If z1 & z2 are two non-zero complex numbers such that z1 + z2 = z1 + z2, then Arg z1  Arg z2
is equal to
(A)   (B)  /2 (C) 0 (D) /2

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.2 Let Z be a complex number satisfying the equation

(Z3 + 3)2 = – 16 then | Z | has the value equal to
(A) 51/2 (B) 51/3 (C) 52/3 (D) 5

3 4 5
Q.3 If z1, z2, z3 are 3 distinct complex numbers such that = = ,
z 2  z3 z 3  z1 z1  z 2

9 16 25
then the value of   equals
z 2  z 3 z 3  z1 z1  z 2
(A) 0 (B) 5 (C) 5 (D) 25

334 365
 1 i 3  1 i 3
Q.4 If i = 1 , then 4 + 5     + 3     is equal to
 2 2   2 2 
(A) 1  i 3 (B)  1 + i 3 (C) i 3 (D)  i 3

Q.5 Consider two complex numbers  and  as

2 2
 a  bi   a  bi  z 1
=   +  , where a, b  R and  = , where | z | = 1, then
 a  bi   a  bi  z 1
(A) Both  and  are purely real (B) Both  and  are purely imaginary
(C)  is purely real and  is purely imaginary (D)  is purely real and  is purely imaginary

Q.6 Let Z is complex satisfying the equation

z2 – (3 + i)z + m + 2i = 0, where m  R. Suppose the equation has a real root.
The additive inverse of non real root, is
(A) 1 – i (B) 1 + i (C) – 1 – i (D) –2

Q.7 The minimum value of | z – 1 + 2i | + | 4i – 3 – z | is

(A) 5 (B) 5 (C) 2 13 (D) 15
Q.8 3 2
The area of the triangle whose vertices are the roots of z + iz + 2i = 0 is
3 3
(A) 2 (B) 7 (C) 7 (D) 7
2 4

Q.9 A particle starts from a point z0 = 1 + i, where i =  1 . It moves horizontally away from origin by 2
units and then vertically away from origin by 3 units to reach a point z1. From z1 particle
moves 5 units in the direction of 2î  ˆj and then it moves through an angle of cos ec 1 2 in
anticlockwise direction of a circle with centre at origin to reach a point z2. The arg z2 is given by

1  3  1  1   1 
(A) sec–1 2 (B) cot–10 (C) sin  
 (D) cos  
 2 2   2 

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

1 z
Q.10 Let z = x + iy then locus of moving point P(z) such that  R , is (where i2 = – 1)
z
1
(A) union of lines with equations x = 0 and y = but excluding origin.
2
1
(B) union of lines with equations x = 0 and y = but excluding origin.
2
1
(C) union of lines with equations x = and y = 0 but excluding origin.
2
1
(D) union of lines with equations x = and y = 0 but excluding origin.
2

Q.11 Let C1 and C2 are concentric circles of radius 1 and 8/3 respectively having centre at (3, 0) on the
 | z  3 |2 2 
argand plane. If the complex number z satisfies the inequality, log1/3   > 1 then :
 11| z  3 | 2 
 
(A) z lies outside C1 but inside C2 (B) z lies inside of both C1 and C2
(C) z lies outside both of C1 and C2 (D) none of these

1 1 1 1
Q.12 If P and Q are represented by the complex numbers z1 and z2 such that    ,
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
then the circumcentre of OPQ (where O is the origin) is
z1  z 2 z1  z 2 z1  z 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) z1 + z2
2 2 3

z z
Q.13 Number of complex numbers z such that | z | = 1 and  = 1 is
z z
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) more than 8

Q.14 Let a point P(x, y) denoting complex number z moves in argand plane satisfying 0 < Re (iz) < 1,
where i2 = – 1, then

(A) ( x , y )  R 2 | 0  y  1  
(B) ( x , y)  R 2 |  1  y  0 
(C)  ( x , y )  R 2
| 1  y  1  (D)  ( x , y )  R 2
| 1  y   
Q.15 Number of complex numbers satisfying the relation | z  z |  | z  z |  2 and | z  i |  | z  i |  2 , is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Paragraph for question nos. 16 to 18

Consider complex number z1 and z2 satisfying | z1 | = 1 and | z2 – 2 | + | z2 – 4 | = 2.

Q.16 Let m and M denotes minimum and maximum value of | z1 – z2 |, then (m + M) is equal to
(A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 8

Q.17 Re (z1 z2) can never exceed

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

Q.18 If principal argument of z1 = principal argument of z2, then | z1 + 2 | is equal to

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

z 1
Q.19 Let | z | = 2 and w = where z, w  C (where C is the set of complex numbers).
z 1
If M and m respectively be the greatest and least modulus of w, then find the value of (2013 m + M).

SPECIAL DPP-4

Q.1 Consider az2 + bz + c = 0, where a, b, c  R and 4ac > b2.

(i) If z1 and z2 are the roots of the equation given above, then which one of the following complex numbers
is purely real?
(A) z1z 2 (B) z1z 2 (C) z1 – z2 (D) (z1 – z2)i

OA
(ii) In the argand's plane, if A is the point representing z1, B is the point representing z2 and z = then
OB
(A) z is purely real (B) z is purely imaginary
(C) | z | = 1 (D)  AOB is a scalene triangle.

Q.2 Let z be a complex number having the argument , 0 <  < /2 and satisfying the equality
6
z  3i = 3. Then cot   is equal to
z
(A) 1 (B)  1 (C) i (D)  i
1
Q.3 If the complex number z satisfies the condition z  3, then the least value of z  is equal to :
z
(A) 5/3 (B) 8/3 (C) 11/3 (D) none of these

     
Q.4 Given zp = cos  P  + i sin  P  , then nLim (z z z .... zn) =
 1 2 3
2  2 
(A) 1 (B)  1 (C) i (D) – i

Q.5 The maximum & minimum values of z + 1 when z + 3  3 are :

(A) (5 , 0) (B) (6 , 0) (C) (7 , 1) (D) (5 , 1)

Q.6 If z3 + (3 + 2i) z + (–1 + ia) = 0 has one real root, then the value of 'a' lies in the interval (a  R)
(A) (– 2, – 1) (B) (– 1, 0) (C) (0, 1) (D) (1, 2)

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

 2
Q.7 If Arg (z + a) = and Arg (z – a) = ; a R  , then
6 3
(A) z is independent of a (B) | a | = | z + a |
 
(C) z = a Cis (D) z = a Cis
6 3

Q.8 If z1, z2, z3 are the vertices of the  ABC on the complex plane which are also the roots of the equation,
z3  3 z2 + 3 z + x = 0, then the condition for the  ABC to be equilateral triangle is
(A) 2 =  (B)  = 2 (C) 2 = 3  (D)  = 32

Q.9 The points z1 = 3 + 3 i and z2 = 2 3 + 6i are given on a complex plane. The complex number lying
on the bisector of the angle formed by the vectors z1 and z2 is :

(A) z =
3  2 3   32
i (B) z = 5 + 5i
2 2
(C) z =  1  i (D) none

Q.10 Let z1 & z2 be non zero complex numbers satisfying the equation, z12  2 z1z2 + 2 z22 = 0. The
geometrical nature of the triangle whose vertices are the origin and the points representing z1 & z2 is :
(A) an isosceles right angled triangle (B) a right angled triangle which is not isosceles
(C) an equilateral triangle (D) an isosceles triangle which is not right angled.

Q.11 Let P denotes a complex number z on the Argand's plane, and Q denotes a complex number
 
2 | z |2 CiS 4   where  = amp z. If 'O' is the origin, then the  OPQ is :
(A) isosceles but not right angled (B) right angled but not isosceles
(C) right isosceles (D) equilateral.

1  i  i   
Q.12 If z =

(1 + i)4    then  | z |  equals
  
4    i 1  i   amp z 
(A) 1 (B)  (C) 3 (D) 4

Q.13 Let z1, z2, z3 be non-zero complex numbers satisfying the equation z4 = iz.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
 3 1
(A) The complex number having least positive argument is  ,  .
 2 2
3

(B)  Amp (z k ) 
k 1 2
 1 1
(C) Centroid of the triangle formed by z1, z2 and z3 is  , 
 3 3 

3 3
(D) Area of triangle formed by z1, z2 and z3 is
2

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.14 If z  C, which of the following relation(s) represents a circle on an Argand diagram?

(A) | z – 1 | + | z + 1 | = 3 (B) (z – 3 + i) z  3  i  = 5
(C) 3| z – 2 + i | = 7 (D) | z – 3 | = 2

Q.15 Let P(z) be a moving point on the argand plane satisfying | z  4 |  | z  4 |  4 where z = x + iy, then
locus of P(z) is a hyperbola whose
(A) distance between foci equals 4
(B) eccentricity equals 2
(C) distance between directrices equals 2
(D) product of the length of perpendiculars from foci upon any tangent equals 4

SPECIAL DPP-5
1 1
Q.1 z is a complex number such that z + = 2 cos 3°, then the value of z2000 + 2000 + 1 is equal to
z z
(A) 0 (B) – 1 (C) 3 1 (D) 1 – 3

Q.2 The complex number  satisfying the equation 3 = 8i and lying in the second quadrant on the complex
plane is
3 1
(A) – 3 +i (B) – + i (C) – 2 3 + i (D) – 3 + 2i
2 2

Q.3 If z4 + 1 = 3 i
(A) z3 is purely real (B) z represents the vertices of a square of side 21/4
(C) z9 is purely imaginary (D) z represents the vertices of a square of side 23/4.

Q.4 If z is a complex number satisfying the equation

Z6 + Z3 + 1 = 0.
If this equation has a root rei with 90° <  < 180° then the value of '' is
(A) 100° (B) 110° (C) 160° (D) 170°
Q.5 P(z) is the point moving in the Argand's plane satisfying arg(z – 1) – arg(z + i) =  then, P is
(A) a real number, hence lies on the real axis.
(B) an imaginary number, hence lies on the imaginary axis.
(C) a point on the hypotenuse of the right angled triangle OAB formed by O  (0, 0); A  (1, 0);
B  (0, – 1).
(D) a point on an arc of the circle passing through A  (1, 0); B  (0, – 1).

A B
Q.6 If A and B be two complex numbers satisfying  = 1. Then the two points represented by A and
B A
B and the origin form the vertices of
(A) an equilateral triangle
(B) an isosceles triangle which is not equilateral
(C) an isosceles triangle which is not right angled
(D) a right angled triangle

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.7 On the complex plane triangles OAP & OQR are similiar and l (OA) = 1.
If the points P and Q denotes the complex numbers z1 & z2 then the
complex number ' z ' denoted by the point R is given by :

z1
(A) z1 z2 (B)
z2

z2 z1  z 2
(C) (D)
z1 z2

2008
Q.8 If 1, 1, 2......., 2008 are (2009)th roots of unity, then the value of  r ( r   2009  r ) equals
r 1

(A) 2009 (B) 2008 (C) 0 (D) – 2009

1 3 i
Q.9 If x = then the value of the expression, y = x4 – x2 + 6x – 4, equals
2
(A) – 1 + 2 3 i (B) 2 – 2 3 i (C) 2 + 2 3 i (D) none

Q.10 If w(1) is a cube root of unity and (1 + w)7 = A + Bw , then A & B are respectively the numbers
(A) 0 , 1 (B) 1 , 1 (C) 1 , 0 (D) 1 , 1
1 1 i  w2 w2
Q.11 If (w  1) is a cube root of unity then 1  i 1 w2  1 =
i  i  w 1 1

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) i (D) w

Paragraph for question nos. 12 to 14

Let A, B, C be three sets of complex numbers as defined below.
 z 1 
A = {z : | z +1 |  2 + Re(z)}, B = {z : | z –1 |  1} and C = z :  1
 z 1 
Q.12 The number of point(s) having integral coordinates in the region A B C is
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 10
Q.13 The area of region bounded by A B C is
(A) 2 3 (B) 3 (C) 4 3 (D) 2

Q.14 The real part of the complex number in the region A B C and having maximum amplitude is
3 1
(A) –1 (B) (C) (D) – 2
2 2
Q.15 Find the number of solution(s) of the equation | z |5 – 2z | z |3 = z 2 | z |3 – 1,
where z = x + iy (x, y  R, x  1)

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.16 If  is the imaginary cube root of unity, then find the number of pairs of integers (a, b) such that
| a  + b | = 1.

Q.17 A polynomial f (z) when divided by (z – w) leaves remainder 2  i 3 and when divided by
(z – w2) leaves remainder 2  i 3 . If the remainder obtained when f (z) is divided by z2 + z + 1 is
az + b (where w is a non- real cube root of unity and a, b  R+), then find the value of (a + b).

SPECIAL DPP-6

Q.1 If the six solutions of x6 = – 64 are written in the form a + bi, where a and b are real, then the product of
those solutions with a > 0, is
(A) 4 (B) 8 (C) 16 (D) 64

 
Q.2 If zn = cos + i sin , then Limit
n 
(z1 . z2 . z3 . ...... zn) =
(2 n  1) (2n  3) (2 n  1) (2n  3)

    5 5 3 3
(A) cos + i sin (B) cos + i sin (C) cos + i sin (D) cos + i sin
3 3 6 6 6 6 2 2

Q.3 The straight line (1 + 2i)z + (2i – 1) z = 10i on the complex plane, has intercept on the imaginary axis
equal to
5 5
(A) 5 (B) (C) – (D) – 5
2 2

Q.4 If cos  + i sin  is a root of the equation xn + a1xn  1 + a2xn  2 + ...... + an  1x + an = 0 then the value
n
of  a r cos r  equals (where all coefficient are real)
r 1
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 1 (D) none
Q.5 4 3 2
If the equation, z + a1z + a2z + a3z + a4 = 0, where a1, a2, a3, a4 are real coefficients different from
a3 a a
zero has a pure imaginary root then the expression + 1 4 has the value equal to:
a1 a 2 a2 a3
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C)  2 (D) 2

Q.6 Suppose A is a complex number & n  N, such that An = (A + 1)n = 1, then the least value of n is
(A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 12

Q.7 Intercept made by the circle z z +  z +  z + r = 0 on the real axis on complex plane, is

(A) (   )  r (B) (   ) 2  2r (C) (   ) 2  r (D) (   ) 2  4r

50 50 1
Q.8 If Zr ; r = 1, 2, 3,..., 50 are the roots of the equation  (Z)r = 0, then the value of  is
r0 r 1 Zr  1
(A)  85 (B)  25 (C) 25 (D) 75

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.9 All roots of the equation, (1 + z)6 + z6 = 0 :

(A) lie on a unit circle with centre at the origin
(B) lie on a unit circle with centre at (- 1, 0)
(C) lie on the vertices of a regular polygon with centre at the origin
(D) are collinear

Q.10 Let  be a complex cube root of unity with 0 < arg() < 2. A fair die is thrown three times.
If a, b, c are the numbers obtained on the die, then probability that (a + b + c2) (a + b2 + c) = 1,
is equal to
1 1 5 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
18 9 36 6
Q.11 It is given that complex numbers z1 and z2 satisfy | z1 | = 2 and | z2 | = 3. If the included angle of their

z1  z 2 N
corresponding vectors is 60° then z  z can be expressed as where N is natural number then
1 2 7
N equals
(A) 126 (B) 119 (C) 133 (D) 19

Q.12 All complex numbers 'z' which satisfy the relation z  | z  1 | = z  | z  1 | on the complex plane lie on
the
(A) line y = 0 or an ellipse with foci (– 1, 0) and (1, 0)
(B) radical axis of the circles | z – 1 | = 1 and | z + 1 | = 1
(C) circle x2 + y2 = 1
(D) line x = 0 or on a line segment joining (–1, 0) to (1, 0)

Paragraph for question nos. 13 to 15

3 
Let A(z1) be the point of intersection of curves arg(z – 2 + i) =
4

and arg z  i 3 = .
3



B(z2) be the point on the curve arg z  i 3 =  3
such that |z2 – 5| is minimum and C(z3) be the
centre of circle |z – 5| = 3. [Note : i2 = – 1]

Q.13 The area of triangle ABC is equal to

3 3
(A) 4 3 (B) (C) 2 3 (D) 4
2
Q.14 The equation of straight line passing through origin and perpendicular to line joining A(z1) and B(z2) on
the complex plane is equal to

(A) z   2  i 3  
(B) z    3  i  
(C) z   1  i 3  (D) z    3 i 
(where  is real parameter.)

Q.15 If | z – z1 | = 1 and  = Re (z + 2) then  lie on

(A) real axis. (B) line not passing through the origin .
(C) line segment joining (2, 0) and (4, 0). (D) circle centred at (1, 0) and radius 2.

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.16 Let f (x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + c be a cubic polynomial with real coefficients and all real roots. Also
| f (i) | = 1 where i   1
Statement-1: All 3 roots of f (x) = 0 are zero
Statement-2: a + b + c = 0
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
Q.17 Equation of a straight line on the complex plane passing through a point P denoting the complex number
 and perpendicular to the vector O P where 'O' is the origin can be written as

z z
(A) Im 0 (B) Re 0 (C) Re(  z )  0 (D)  z   z  2 |  |2  0
     
Q.18 Which of the following represents a point on an argands' plane, equidistant from the roots of the equation
(z + 1)4 = 16z4?
 1  1   2 
(A) (0, 0) (B)   , 0 (C)  , 0 (D)  0, 
 3  3   5
Q.19 If z is a complex number which simultaneously satisfies the equations
3 | z – 12 | = 5 |z – 8i | and | z – 4 | = | z – 8 | then the Im(z) can be
(A) 15 (B) 16 (C) 17 (D) 8
n 1
Q.20 If 1, 2, 3 , ......., n – 1 are the imaginary nth roots of unity then the product  i   r 
r 1

(where i   1 ) can take the value equal to

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) i (D) (1 + i)

Q.21 Let tangents at A(z1) and B(z2) are drawn to the circle | z | = 2. Then which of the following is/are
CORRECT?
z z
(A) The equation of tangent at A is given by   2.
z1 z1
2 z1z 2
(B) If tangents at A(z1) and B(z2) intersect at P(zp), then zp = .
z1  z 2
1  z1  z1 
(C) Slope of tangent at A(z1) is  .
i  z1  z1 

(D) If points A(z1) and B(z2) on the circle | z | = 2 are such that z1 +z2 = 0, then tangents intersect at .
2

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.22 Which of the following statement(s) is/are TRUE?

z2
(A) If  R, then z either lies on a circle x2 + y2 + 2x = 0 or on real axis excluding the point
z 1
(– 1, 0) (where z = x + iy).
(B) If |z| = 4 5 , then the points representing the complex numbers 3  5 z will lie on a circle of radius 20.

(C) If z = (2 + a) + i 3  a 2 where a  R and a2 < 3, then the locus of z for different values of
a is semi-circle with centre (2, 0).
1  iz a  ib
(D) If z(1 + a) = b + ic and a2 + b2 + c2 = 1, then 
1  iz 1 c
(where a, b, c  R and z = x + iy).
Q.23 Let b z  bz  c , (where b is a non-zero complex number and c is a real number) be a line in the
complex plane. If a point z1 is the reflection of a point z2 in the given line then
(A) bz1  bz 2  c  0 (B) bz1  bz2  c  0

(C) bz1  bz 2  c  0 (D) bz1  bz2  c  0

Q.24 If the vertices of triangle ABC in argand plane are the roots of equation z3 + iz2 + 2i = 0, then which
of the following is(are) correct?
5
(A) Area of triangle ABC is 2 sq. units. (B) Circumradius of triangle ABC is .
2
5 1
(C) Triangle ABC is isosceles. (D) Inradius of triangle ABC is .
2
[Note: where i2 = – 1]

Q.25 Match the equation in z, in Column-I with the corresponding values of arg(z) in Column-II.
Column-I Column-II
(equations in z) (principal value of arg (z) )
(A) z2 – z + 1 = 0 (P) – 2 3
(B) z2 + z + 1 = 0 (Q) – 3
(C) 2z2 + 1 + i 3 = 0 (R) 3
(D) 2z2 + 1 – i 3 = 0 (S) 2 3

EXERCISE-3
SECTION-A
(JEE-ADVANCE Previous Year's Questions)

Q.1(a) The locus of z which lies in shaded region is best represented by

(A) z : |z + 1| > 2, |arg(z + 1)| < /4
(B) z : |z - 1| > 2, |arg(z – 1)| < /4
(C) z : |z + 1| < 2, |arg(z + 1)| < /2
(D) z : |z - 1| < 2, |arg(z - 1)| < /2

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

(b) If a, b, c are integers not all equal and w is a cube root of unity (w  1), then the minimum value of
|a + bw + cw2| is
3 1
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) (D)
2 2
[JEE 2005 (Scr), 3 + 3]

(c) If one of the vertices of the square circumscribing the circle |z – 1| = 2 is 2  3 i . Find the other
vertices of square. [JEE 2005 (Mains), 4]

w  wz
Q.2 If w =  + i where   0 and z  1, satisfies the condition that is purely real, then the set of
1 z
values of z is
(A) {z : | z | = 1} (B) {z : z = z ) (C) {z : z  1} (D) {z : | z | = 1, z  1}
[JEE 2006, 3]

Q.3(a) A man walks a distance of 3 units from the origin towards the North-East (N 45° E) direction. From
there, he walks a distance of 4 units towards the North-West (N 45° W) direction to reach a point P.
Then the position of P in the Argand plane is
(A) 3e i 4 + 4i (B) (3  4i )e i 4 (C) (4  3i )e i 4 (D) (3  4i )e i 4

z
(b) If | z | = 1 and z  ± 1, then all the values of lie on
1 z2
(A) a line not passing through the origin (B) | z | = 2
(C) the x-axis (D) the y-axis [JEE 2007, 3+3]

Q.4(a) A particle P starts from the point z0 = 1 + 2i, where i =  1 . It moves first horizontally away from origin
by 5 units and then vertically away from origin by 3 units to reach a point z1. From z1 the particle moves

2 units in the direction of the vector î  ˆj and then it moves through an angle 2 in anticlockwise
direction on a circle with centre at origin, to reach a point z2. The point z2 is given by
(A) 6 + 7i (B) – 7 + 6i (C) 7 + 6i (D) – 6 + 7i
(b) Comprehension (3 questions together)

Let A, B, C be three sets of complex numbers as defined below

A = z : Im z  1
B = z :| z  2  i | 3

C = z : Re((1  i ) z )  2 
(i) The number of elements in the set A  B  C is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

(ii) Let z be any point in A  B  C. Then, | z + 1 – i |2 + | z – 5 – i |2 lies between

(A) 25 and 29 (B) 30 and 34 (C) 35 and 39 (D) 40 and 44
(iii) Let z be any point in A  B  C and let w be any point satisfying | w – 2 – i | < 3.
Then, | z | – | w | + 3 lies between
(A) –6 and 3 (B) –3 and 6 (C) –6 and 6 (D) –3 and 9
[JEE 2008, 3 + 4 + 4 + 4]
15
Q.5(a) Let z = cos  + i sin . Then the value of  Im(z 2m1 ) at  = 2° is
m 1

1 1 1 1
(A) sin 2 (B) 3 sin 2 (C) 2 sin 2 (D) 4 sin 2

(b) Let z = x + iy be a complex number where x and y are integers. Then the area of the rectangle whose
vertices are the roots of the equation zz 3  zz 3  350 is
(A) 48 (B) 32 (C) 40 (D) 80
[JEE 2009, 3 + 3]
Q.6(a) Let z1 and z2 be two distinct complex numbers and let z = (1 – t)z1 + tz2 for some real number t with
0 < t < 1. If Arg(w) denotes the principal argument of a nonzero complex number w, then
(A) | z – z1 | + | z – z2 | = | z1 – z2 | (B) Arg (z – z1) = Arg(z – z2)
z  z1 z  z1
(C) z  z z 2  z1 = 0 (D) Arg (z – z1) = Arg(z2 – z1)
2 1

2 2
(b) Let  be the complex number cos  i sin . Then the number of distinct complex number z
3 3
z 1  2
satisfying  z  2 1 = 0 is equal to
2
 1 z
(c) Match the statements in Column I with those in Column-II
[Note : Here z takes values in the complex plane and Im z and Re z denote, respectively, the
imaginary part and the real part of z.]
Column I Column II
4
(A) The set of points z satisfying (p) an ellipse with eccentricity
5
z–i z  z  i z
is contained in or equal to
(B) The set of points z satisfying (q) the set of points z satisfying Im z = 0
|z + 4| + |z – 4| = 10
is contained in or equal to
(C) If | w | = 2, then the set of points (r) the set of points z satisfying | Im z |  1
1
z=w  is contained in or equal to
w
(D) If | w | = 1, then the set of points (s) the set of points z satisfying |Re z|  2
1
z= w is contained in or equal to (t) the set of points z satisfying |z|  3
w
[JEE 2010, 3+3+3+(2+2+2+2)]
BANSAL CLASSES Page # 25
 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.7
(a) Let  1 be a cube root of unity and S be the set of all non-singular matrices of the form
 1 a b
  1 c
2  1 
 
2
where each of a, b and c is either  or  . Then the number of distinct matrices in the set S is
(A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 4 (D) 8
(b) Let a, b and c be three real numbers satisfying
1 9 7
[a b c] 8 2 7 = [0 0 0] .......(E)
7 3 7
 
(i) If the point P(a, b, c), with reference to (E), lies on the plane 2x + y + z = 1,
then the value of 7a + b + c, is
(A) 0 (B) 12 (C) 7 (D) 6
3
(ii) Let  be a solution of x – 1 = 0 with Im() > 0. If a = 2 with b and c satisfying (E), then the value of
3 1 3
  is equal to
a b c
(A) – 2 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) – 3
(iii) Let b = 6, with a and c satisfying (E). If  and  are the roots of the quadratic equation
 n
 1 1
ax2 + bx + c= 0, then     , is
n 0   
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 6/7 (D) 
(c) If z is any complex number satisfying | z – 3 – 2i |  2, then the minimum value of | 2z – 6 + 5i | is
2 i
(d) Let  = e3 and a, b, c, x, y, z be non-zero complex numbers such that
a+b+c=x
a + b + c2 = y
a + b2 + c = z
| x |2  | y |2  | z |2
Then the value of , is
| a |2  | b |2  | c |2
(e) Match the statements given in Column I with the intervals/union of intervals given in Column II.
Column-I Column-II
 2iz  
(A) The set Re 2
: z is a complex number, | z | 1, z   1 (P) (– , – 1)  (1, )
 1 z  
x 2 
1  8(3)
(B) The domain of the function f (x) = sin   
2( x 1)  , is (Q) (– , 0)  (0, )
1 3 

1 tan  1
(C) If f () =  tan  1 tan  , (R) [2, )
1  tan  1

 
then the set f () : 0     , is (S) (– , – 1]  [1, )
 2
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 COMPLEX NUMBER

3
(D) If f (x) = x 2 (3x  10) , x  0 then f (x) is increasing in
(T) (– , 0]  [2, )
(f) Match the statement given in column-I with the values given in column-II
Column-I Column-II
   
(A) If a  ˆj  3k̂ , b   ˆj  3 k̂ and c  2 3 k̂ from a triangle, (P)
6
  2
then the internal angle of the triangle between a and b , is (Q)
3
b

(B) If  f ( x )  3x dx  a
2
 b 2 , then the value of f   , is (R)

a 6 3

5
2 6

(C) The value of sec(x ) dx is (S) 
ln 3 7
6

 1  
(D) The maximum value of arg  for | z | = 1, z  1 (T)
1 z  2
[JEE 2011, 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 4 + 2(2+2+2+2)]
Q.8 Let z be a complex number such that the imaginary part of z is nonzero and a = z2 + z + 1 is real.
Then a cannot take the value
1 1 3
(A) – 1 (B) (C) (D) [JEE 2012, 3]
3 2 4
1
Q.9 Let complex numbers  and lie on circles (x – x0)2 + (y – y0)2 = r2 and (x – x0)2 + (y – y0)2 = 4r2,

respectively. If z0 = x0 + iy0 satisfies the equation 2 | z0 |2 = r2 + 2, then |  | =
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 7 3
[JEE Adv. 2013, 2]
3 i  1
Q.10 Let w = and P = {w n : n= 1, 2, 3, …….}. Further H 1 = z  C : Re z   and
2  2
  1
H2 = z  C : Re z   , where C is the set of all complex numbers. If z1  P  H1, z2  P  H2 and
 2
O represents the origin, then z1Oz2 =
  2 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 6 3 6
[JEE Adv. 2013, 3]
Q.11 Let  be a complex cube root of unity with  1 and P = [pij] be a n × n matrix with pij = i+j.
Then P2  0, when n =
(A) 57 (B) 55 (C) 58 (D) 56
[JEE ADV 2013, 3]
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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Paragraph for Questions 12 and 13

Let S = S1  S2  S3, where

  z 1 3 i  
S1 = {z  C : | z | < 4}, S2 = z  C : Im    0 and S3 = {z  C : Re z > 0}.
  1 3 i  

Q.12 Min | 1  3i  z | =
z S

2 3 2 3 3 3 3 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 2
Q.13 Area of S =
10 20 16 32
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 3 3 3
[JEE Adv. 2013, 3 + 3]

 2 k   2 k 
Q.14 Let zk = cos    i sin   ; k = 1, 2, …….,9.
 10   10 
List-I List-II
P. For each zk there exists a zj such that zk · zj = 1 1. True

Q. There exists a k  {1, 2, ……., 9} such that z1 · z = zk 2. False

has no solution z in the set of complex numbers

| 1  z1 | | 1  z 2 | . | 1  z9 |
R. equals 3. 1
10
9
 2 k 
S. 1–  cos  10  equals

4. 2
k 1
Codes:
P Q R S
(A) 1 2 4 3
(B) 2 1 3 4
(C) 1 2 3 4
(D) 2 1 4 3 [JEE Adv. 2014, 3]
 k   k 
Q.15 For any integer k, let k = cos   + i sin   , where i =  1 . The value of the expression
 7   7 
12

α
k 1
k 1  αk
3
is [JEE Adv. 2015]
α
k 1
4k 1  α 4k  2

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Q.16 Column I Column II

(A) In R2, if the magnitude of the projection (P) 1
vector of the vector  î  ˆj on 3î  ˆj is 3
and if  = 2  3 , then possible value(s) of
|| is(are)
(B) Let a and b be real numbers such that the function (Q) 2
 3ax 2  2, x  1
f (x)   2
bx  a , x 1
is differentiable for all x  R. Then possible value(s)
of a is(are)
(C) Let  1 be a complex cube root of unity. If (R) 3
(3 – 3 + 2 ) 2 4n + 3 2
+ (2 + 3 – 3 ) 4n + 3 2
+ (–3 + 2 + 3 ) 4n + 3 = 0,
then possible value(s) of n is(are)
(D) Let the harmonic mean of two positive real numbers (S) 4
a and b be 4. If q is a positive real number such that
a, 5, q, b is an arithmetic progression, then the value(s)
of |q – a| is(are) (T) 5
[JEE Adv. 2015]

 1  3i ( z) r z 2s 
Q.17 Let z = , where i =  1 , and r, s  {1, 2, 3}. Let P  z 2s zr 
 and I be the identity matrix
2 
of order 2. Then the total number of ordered pairs (r, s) for which p2 = –I is [JEE Adv. 2016]

 1 
Q.18 Let a, b  R and a2 + b2  0. Suppose S = z  C : z  , t  R , t  0 , where i = 1 .
 a  ibt 
If z = x + iy and z  S, the (x, y) lies on
1  1  for a > 0, b  0
(A) the circle with radius and centre  ,0
2a  2a 
1 1
(B) the circle with radius  and centre   , 0  for a < 0, b  0
2a  2a 
(C) the x-axis for a  0, b = 0
(D) the y-axis for a = 0, b  0 [JEE Adv. 2016]

Q.19 Let a, b, x and y be real numbers such that a – b = 1 and y  0. If the complex number z = x + iy satisfies
 az  b 
Im   = y, then which of the following is(are) possible value(s) of x? [JEE Adv. 2017]
 z 1 
(A) – 1 + 1 y2 (B) 1 – 1 y 2 (C) 1 + 1 y 2 (D) – 1 – 1 y2

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Q.20 For a non-zero complex number z, let arg(z) denote the principal argument with –  < arg (z) . Then,
which of the following statement(s) is(are) FALSE?

(A) arg (– 1 – i) = , where i =  1 .
4
(B) The function f : R  (– , ], defined by f(t) = arg (– 1 + it) for all t  R, is continuous at all points
of R, where i = 1 .
z 
(C) For any two non-zero complex numbers z1 and z2, arg  1  – arg (z1) + arg (z2) is an integer
 z2 
multiple of 2.
(D) For any three given distinct complex numbers z1, z2 and z3, the locus of the point z satisfying the
 (z  z1 ) (z 2  z3 ) 
condition arg   =  lies on a straight line. [JEE ADV-2018]
 (z  z3 ) (z 2  z1 ) 
Q.21 Let s, t, r be non-zero complex numbers and L be the set of solutions z = x + iy (x, y  R, i =  1 )
of the equation sz + tz + r = 0, where z = x – iy. Then which of the following statement(s) is(are)
TRUE ?
(A) If L has exactly one element, then | s |  | t |
(B) If | s | = | t |, then L has infinitely many elements
(C) The number of elements in L {z : | z – 1 + i | = 5} is at most 2
(D) If L has more than one element, then L has infinitely many elements [JEE ADV-2018]

Q.22 Let S be the set of all complex numbers z satisfying | z  2  i |  5 . If the complex number z0 is such
1  1  4  z0  z0
that is the maximum of the set  : z  S , then the principal argument of is
| z0 1 | | z  1 |  z 0  z 0  2i
 3  
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 4 4 2
[JEE ADV-2019]
Q.23 Let   1 be a cube root of unity. Then the minimum of the set
{ | a  b  c2 |2 : a, b, c distinct non-zero integers}
equals ______ [JEE ADV-2019]

Q.24 Let S be the set of all complex numbers z satisfying |z2 + z + 1| = 1. Then which of the following
statements is/are TRUE? [JEE ADV-2020]
1 1
(A) | z  | for all z  S (B) | z | 2 for all z  S
2 2
1 1
(C) | z  |  for all z  S (D) The set S has exactly four elements
2 2

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Q.25 For a complex number z, let Re(z) denote the real part of z. Let S be the set of all complex numbers z
satisfying z4 – |z|4 = 4 i z2, where i = – 1 . Then the minimum possible value of |z1 – z2|2, where z1, z2
 S with Re(z1) > 0 and Re(z2) < 0, is ________________. [JEE ADV-2020]

Q.26 Let 1, 2, ..., 10 be positive valued angles (in radian) such that 1+ 2 + .......... + 10 = 2.
Define the complex numbers z1 = , zk = zk_1 for k = 2, 3,..., 10, where i = 1 .
Consider the statements P and Q given below: [JEE ADV-2021]

Then,
(A) P is TRUE and Q is FALSE (B) Q is TRUE and P is FALSE
(C) both P and Q are TRUE (D) both P and Q are FALSE

Q.27 For any complex number w = c + id, let arg(w)  (–, ], where i =  1 . Let  and  be real

numbers such that for all complex numbers z = x + iy satisfying , the ordered pair
(x, y) lies on the circle [JEE ADV-2021]
x2
+ 5x – 3y + 4 = 0+y2
Then which of the following statements is (are) TRUE ?
(A) = –1 (B)  = 4 (C)  = –4 (D)  = 4

SECTION-B
(JEE-MAIN Previous Year's Questions)
z
Q.1 If w = 1
and | w | = 1, then z lies on - [AIEEE - 2005]
z i
3
(1) an ellipse (2) a circle (3) a straight line (4) a parabola

Q.2 If the cube roots of unity are 1, , 2 then the roots of the equation (x – 1)3 + 8 = 0, are -
(1) –1, –1 + 2, – 1 – 22 (2) –1, –1, –1
(3) –1, 1 – 2, 1 – 2 2 (4) –1, 1 + 2, 1 + 22 [AIEEE-2005]
10
 2k 2k 
Q.3 The value of   sin 11  i cos 11  is –
k 1

(1) 1 (2) – 1 (3) – i (4) i [AIEEE - 2006]

Q.4 If z2 + z + 1 = 0, where z is a complex number, then the value of
2 2 2 2
 1  2 1   3 1   6 1 
z   + z  2  + z  3  + ...... + z  6  is –
 z  z   z   z 
(1) 54 (2) 6 (3) 12 (4) 18 [AIEEE 2006]

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Q.5 If |z + 4|  3, then the maximum and minimum value of |z + 1| are -

(1) 4, 1 (2) 4, 0 (3) 6, 1 (4) 6, 0 [AIEEE - 2007]
1
Q.6 The conjugate of a complex number is . Then that complex number is-
i 1
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4) [AIEEE - 2008]
i 1 i 1 i 1 i 1

Q.7 Let A and B denote the statements

A : cos  + cos  + cos  = 0
B : sin  + sin  + sin  = 0
3
If cos  + cos  + cos  =  ,
2
then :
(1) A is false and B is true (2) both A and B are true
(3) both A and B are false (4) A is true and B is false [AIEEE-2009]
4
Q.8 If z  = 2, then the maximum value of | z | is equal to :
z
(1) 5  1 (2) 2 (3) 2 + 2 (4) 3  1 [AIEEE 2009]

Q.9 The number of complex numbers z such that z  1  z  1  z  i equals

(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4)  [AIEEE-2010]

Q.10 If  and  are the roots of the equation x2 – x + 1 = 0, then 2009 + 2009 is equal to
(1) – 2 (2) – 1 (3) 1 (4) 2 [AIEEE-2010]

Q.11 Let  be real and z be complex number. If z2 + z +  = 0 has two distinct roots on the line
Re z = 1, then it is necessary that [AIEEE-2011]
(1)  (0, 1) (2)  (–1, 0) (3) |  | = 1 (4)  (1, )
Q.12 If (1) is a cube root of unit, and (1 + )7 = A + B. Then (A, B) equals [AIEEE-2011]
(1) (0, 1) (2) (1, 1) (3) (2, 0) (4) (–1, 1)
z
Q.13 If z  1and is real, then the point represented by the complex number z lies
z 1
(1) either on the real axis or on a circle not passing through the origin.
(2) on the imaginary axis.
(3) either on the real axis or on a circle passing through the origin.
(4) on a circle with centre at the origin. [AIEEE-2012]
 1 z 
Q.14 If z is a complex number of unit modulus and argument , then arg   equals
1 z 

(1)   (2)  (3)  –  (4) – [JEE Main 2013]
2

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1
Q.15 If z is complex number such that | z |  2, then the minimum value of z 
2
3 5 5
(1) is strictly greater than but less than (2) is equal to
2 2 2
5
(3) lies in the interval (1, 2) (4) is strictly greater than [JEE Main 2014]
2
Q.16 A complex number z is said to be unimodular if |z| = 1. Suppose z1 and z2 are complex numbers such that
z1  2z 2
2  z1 z2 is unimodular and z2 is not unimodular. Then the point z1 lies on a
(1) straight line parallel to y-axis (2) circle of radius 2
(3) circle of radius 2 (4) straight line parallel to x-axis [JEE Main 2015]
2  3i sin 
Q.17 A value of  for which is purely imaginary, is:
1  2i sin 

1  1    1
 3
(1) sin   (2) (3) (4) sin  4 
 3 3 6  
[JEE Main2016]
Q.18 Let  be a complex number such that 2 + 1 = z where z =  3 . If

1 1 1
1    1 2
2
= 3k,
1 2 7
then k is equal to:
(1) –1 (2) 1 (3) –z (4) z [JEE Main2017]

Q.19 If ,   C are the distinct roots, of the equation x2 – x + 1 = 0, then 101 + 107 is equal to :
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) –1 (4) 0 [JEE Main2018]

     3  2i sin  
Q.20 Let A =    ,  : is purely imaginary . Then the sum of the element in A is
  2  1  2i sin  
3 5 2
(1)  (2) (3) (4) [JEE Main 2019]
4 6 3

Q.21 Let  and  be two roots of the equation x2 + 2x + 2 = 0, then 15 + 15 is equal to
(1) – 512 (2) 256 (3) 512 (4) – 256
[JEE Main 2019]

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Q.22 Let z0 be a root of the quadratic equation, x2 + x + 1 = 0. If z = 3 + 6i z 81 93

0 – 3i z 0 , then arg z is equal
to [JEE Main 2019]
  
(1) (2) (3) (4) 0
4 3 6
3z1 2z 2
Q.23 Let z1 and z2 be two non-zero complex numbers such that 3 | z1 | = 4 | z2 |. If z =  then
2z 2 3z1

5 1 17
(1) Re(z) = 0 (2) | z | = (3) Im(z) = 0 (4) | z | =
2 2 2
[JEE Main 2019]
5 5
 3 i  3 i
Q.24 Let z =        . If R(z) and I(z) respectively denote the real and imaginary parts of z,
 2 2  2 2
then
(1) R(z) = – 3 (2) I(z) = 0 [JEE Main 2019]
(3) R(z) > 0 and I(z) > 0 (4) R(z) < 0 and I(z) > 0
3
 1  x  iy
Q.25 Let   2  i  
3  27
 
i   1 , where x and y are real numbers, then y – x equals

(1) 91 (2) –85 (3) 85 (4) –91 [JEE Main 2019]

z
Q.26 If (  R ) is a purely imaginary number and | z | = 2, then a value of  is
z
1
(1) 2 (2) 2 (3) (4) 1 [JEE Main 2019]
2

Q.27 Let z1 and z2 be two complex numbers satisfying | z1 | = 9 and | z2 – 3 – 4i | = 4. Then the minimum
value of | z1 – z2 |, is [JEE Main 2019]
(1) 2 (2) 2 (3) 0 (4) 1
n

Q.28 If  and  be the roots of the equation x2 – 2x + 2 = 0, then the least value of n for which    1 is

(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 2 (4) 3
[JEE Main 2019]
3 i
Q.29 If z =
2 2
 
 i   1 , then (1 + iz + z5 + iz8)9 is equal to

(1) (–1 + 2i)9 (2) –1 (3) 0 (4) 1 [JEE Main 2019]

  i 
Q.30 All the points in the set S =  :   R  (i   1) lie on a
  i 
(1) straight line whose slope is –1 (2) circle whose radius is 2
(3) straight line whose slope is 1 (4) circle whose radius is 1 [JEE Main 2019]

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

y 1  
Q.31 Let  and  be the roots of the equation x2 + x + 1 = 0. Then for y  0 in R,  y   1 is
 1 y
equal to
(1) y3 – 1 (2) y(y2 – 3) (3) y(y2 – 1) (4) y3 [JEE Main 2019]
5  3z
Q.32 Let z C be such that |z| < 1. If   , then [JEE Main 2019]
5(1  z)
(1) 5 Re() > 1 (2) 5Im() < 1 (3) 4 Im() > 5 (4) 5 Re() > 4

(1  i) 2 2
Q.33 If a > 0 and z  , has magnitude , then z is equal to [JEE Main 2019]
a i 5
1 3 1 3 3 1 1 3
(1)   i (2)   i (3)   i (4)  i
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

Q.34 If z and w are two complex numbers such that |zw| = 1 and arg(z) – arg(w) = , then
2
 1 i 1 i
(1) zw  (2) zw   i (3) zw  i (4) zw 
2 2
[JEE Main 2019]
Q.35 The equation | z – i | = | z – 1 |, i   1 , represents
1
(1) a circle of radius 1 (2) a circle of radius
2
(3) the line through the origin with slope –1 (4) the line through the origin with slope 1
[JEE Main 2019]
2z  n
Q.36 Let z C with Im(z) = 10 and it satisfies  2i 1 for some natural number n. Then
2z  n
(1) n = 20 and Re(z) = – 10 (2) n = 40 and Re(z) = 10
(3) n = 40 and Re(z) = – 10 (4) n = 20 and Re(z) = 10 [JEE Main 2019]

Q.37 Let A(3, 0, –1), B(2, 10, 6) and C(1, 2, 1) be the vertices of a triangle and M be the midpoint of AC. If
G divides BM in the ratio, 2 : 1, then cos (GOA ) (O being the origin) is equal to
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 15 30 15 6 10
[JEE Main 2019]
 z 1 
Q.38 If Re   = 1, where z = x + iy, then the point (x, y) lies on a :
 2z  i 
 1 3 5
(1) circle whose centre is at   ,   (2) circle whose diameter is
 2 2 2
3 2
(3) straight line whose slope is (4) straight line whose slope is – [JEE Main 2020]
2 3
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 COMPLEX NUMBER

3  i sin 
Q.39 If ,  [0 , 2] is a real number, then an argument of sin + i cos is
4  i cos 

3 4 4 3

(1) –tan–1   (2) tan–1   (3)  – tan–1   (4)  – tan–1  
4 3 3 4
[JEE Main 2020]

Q.40 If the equation x2 + bx + 45 = 0 (b  R) has conjugate complex roots and they satisfy |z + 1| = 2 10 ,
then [JEE Main 2020]
(1) b2 – b = 42 (2) b2 + b = 12 (3) b2 + b = 72 (4) b2 – b = 30

100 100
 1 i 3
Q.41 Let  = . If a = 1      2k
and b    3 k , then a and b are the roots of the quadratic
2 k 0 k 0

equation :
(1) x2 – 102x + 101 = 0 (2) x2 + 101x + 100 = 0
(3) x2 – 101x + 100 = 0 (3) x2 + 102x + 101 = 0 [JEE Main 2020]

z i 5
Q.42 Let z be complex number such that = 1 and |z| = . Then the vlaue of | z + 3i| is :
z  2i 2
7 15
(1) 10 (2) 2 3 (3) (4) [JEE Main 2020]
2 4
Q.43 If z be a complex number satisfying |Re (z) | + |Im (z) | = 4, then |z| cannot be [JEE Main 2020]
17
(1) (2) 10 (3) 8 (4) 7
2
3
 2 2 
 1  sin  i cos 
 9 9 
Q.44 The value of  2 2  is
 1  sin  i cos 
 9 9 

1 1 1 1
(1)
2
 3 i  (2) 
2
 3 i  (3) 
2

1 i 3  (4)
2

1 i 3 
[JEE Main 2020]
1 1
2 2
Q.45 
The imaginary part of 3  2 54   3  2 54  can be:

(1) 2 6 (2) 6 (3) 6 (4)  6

[JEE Main 2020]
m n
 1 i  2  1 i 3
Q.46 If   =  = 1, (m, n  N) then the greatest common divisor of the least values of m and n
 1 i   i 1 
is _______ . [JEE Main 2020]

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 COMPLEX NUMBER


Q.47 If z1, z2 are complex numbers such that Re(z1) = |z1 – 1|, Re(z2) = |z2 – 1| and arg(z1 – z2) = ,then Im
6
(z1 + z2) is equal to: [JEE Main 2020]
3 2 1
(1) (2) (3) (4) 2 3
2 3 3

 cos  i sin      a b 
Q.48 If A = i sin  cos   ,     and A5 =  c d  , where i = 1 , then which one of the following
   24 
is not true? [JEE Main 2020]
1
(1) 0  a2 + b2  1 (2) a2 – d2 = 0 (3) a2 – b2 = (4) a2 – c2 = 1
2
2z  i
Q.49 Let u = , z = x + iy and k > 0. If the curve represented by Re(u) + Im(u) = 1 intersects the y-axis
z  ki
at the points P and Q where PQ = 5, then the value of k is :
(1) 3/2 (2) 4 (3) 2 (4) 1/2
[JEE Main 2020]
 1 i 3
Q.50 If a and b are real numbers such hat (2 + )4 = a + b, where  = , then a + b is equal to :
2
(1) 57 (2) 33 (3) 24 (4) 9
[JEE Main 2020]
Q.51 If the four complex numbers z, z, z – 2Re (z) and z – 2Re(z) represent the vertices of a square of side
4 units in the Argand plane, then |z| is equal to :
(1) 4 (2) 2 (3) 4 2 (4) 2 2
[JEE Main 2020]
30
 1  i 3 
Q.52 The value of  is : [JEE Main 2020]
 1  i 
 
(1) 215 i (2) –215 (3) –215 i (4) 65

Q.53 The region represented by {z = x + iy  C : |z| – Re(z)  1} is also given by the inequality :
1  1
(1) y2  x + 1 (2) y2  2(x + 1) (3) y2  x + (4) y2  2  x  
2  2
[JEE Main 2020]

Q.54 Let z = x + iy be a non-zero complex number such that z2 = i|z|2, where i = 1 , then z lies on the :
(1) imaginary axis (2) real axis (3) line, y = x (4) line, y = –x
[JEE Main 2020]

Q.55 If the least and the largest real values of  for which the equation z + |z – 1| + 2i = 0 (z  C and
i=  1 ) has a solution, are p and q respectively; then 4(p2 + q2) is equal to ____________.
[JEE Main FEB 2021]

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

(1  i 3 ) 21 (1  i 3 ) 21
Q.56 If i =  1 . If 
1  i 24 1  i 24 = k, and n = [|k|] be the greatest integral part of |k|. Then
n 5 n 5

  j  52    j  5 is equal to __________.

j 0 j 0
[JEE Main FEB 2021]

Q.57 Let the lines (2 – i)z = (2 + i ) z and (2 + i) z + (i – 2) z – 4i = 0, (here i2 = –1) be normal to a circle C.
If the line iz + z + 1 + i = 0 is tangent to this circle C, then its radius is: [JEE Main FEB 2021]
3 1 3
(A) (B) (C) 3 2 (D)
2 2 2 2 2

Q.58 The sum of 162th power of the roots of the equation x3 – 2x2 + 2x – 1 = 0 is [JEE Main FEB 2021]

Q.59 Let z be those complex numbers which satisfy |z +5| < 4 and z(1 + i) + z (1 – i) > –10, i =  1 . If the
maximum value of |z + 1|2 is  +  2 , then the value of ( + ) is _________.[JEE Main FEB 2021]

 | z | 11 
Q.60 Let a complex number z, |z|  1, satisfy log 1    2 . Then the largest value of |z| is equal to
2 
2  | z | 1 

________. [JEE Main MAR 2021]

(A) 8 (B) 7 (C) 6 (D) 5
zi
Q.61 Let z and w be two complex numbers such that w = z z – 2z + 2, = 1 and Re (w) has minimum
z  3i
value. Then the minimum value of n  N for which wn is real, is equal to _______
[JEE Main MAR 2021]

Q.62 The least value of |z| where z is complex number which satisfies the inequality ,
 | z | 3 | z | 1 
exp  log e 2   log 2
5 7  9i , i =  1 , is equal to: [JEE Main MAR 2021]
 || z | 1 | 
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 2 (D) 8

Q.63 The area of the triangle with vertices A(z), B(iz) and C(z + iz) is : [JEE Main MAR 2021]
1 1 1
(A) 1 | z |2
(B) (C) (D) | z  iz |2
2 2 2
Q.64 Let S1, S2 and S3 be three sets defined as [JEE Main MAR 2021]
S1 = {z  C : |z – 1| < 2 }
S2 = {z  C : Re ((1 – i) z) > 1}
S3 = {z  C : Im (z) < 1}
Then the set S1  S2  S3
(A) is a singleton (B) has exactly two elements
(C) has infinitely many elements (D) has exactly three elements

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.65 If the equation a|z|2 +  z  z + d = 0 represents a circle where a, d are real constants then which of the
following condition is correct? [JEE Main MAR 2021]
2 2
(A) || – ad  0 (B) || – ad  and a  R – {0}
(C) ||2 – ad  and a  R (D)  = 0, a, d  R+
Q.66 Let z1, z2 be the roots of the equation z2 + az + 12 = 0 and z1, z2 form an equilateral triangle with origin.
Then, the value of |a| is [JEE Main MAR 2021]

Q.67 Let a complex number be w = 1 – 3 i. Let another complex number z be such that

|zw| = 1 and arg (z) – arg (w) = . Then the area of the triangle with vertices origin, z and w is equal to:
2
1 1
(A) 4 (B) (C) (D) 2
2 4
[JEE Main MAR 2021]

Q.68 If f(x) and g(x) are two polynomials such that the polynomial P(x) = f(x3) + xg (x3) is divisible by
x2 + x + 1, then P(1) is equal to __________. [JEE Main MAR 2021]

3  1  2 z 
Q.69 If z and  are two complex numbers such that |z| = 1 and arg(z) – arg(w) = , then arg 
2  1  3z  
is :
(Here arg(z) denotes the principal argument of complex number z)
 3  3
(1) (2)  (3)  (4)
4 4 4 4
1
Q.70 If the real part of the complex number (1 – cos + 2i sin )–1 is for  (0, ), then the value of the
5

integeral  sin x dx is equal to :
0
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) – 1 (4) 0

Q.71 Let n denote the number of solutions of the equation z 2  3z = 0, where z is a complex number..

1
Then the value of  k is equal to
k 0 n

4 3
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4) 2
3 2

Q.72 The equation of a circle is Re(z2) + 2 (Im(z))2 + 2Re(z) = 0, where z = x + iy. A line which passes through
the center of the given circle and the vertex of the parabola, x2 – 6x – y + 13 = 0, has y-intercept equal
to ____.

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.73 Let C be the set of all complex numbers. Let

S1 = {z  C | |z – 3 – 2i|2 = 8},
S2 = {z  C | Re(z)  5} and
S3 = {z  C | | z – z |  8}.
Then the number of elements in S1  S2 S3 is equal to
(1) 1 (2) 0 (3) 2 (4) Infinite

Q.74 Let C be the set of all complex numbers.

Let S1 = {zC :|z – 2|  1) and
S2 = {zC :z(1 + i) + z (1 – i)  4).
2
5
Then, the maximum value of z  for z  S1  S2 is equal to:
2

3 2 2 5 2 2 3 2 2 5 2 2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 2 2 4
3  2i cos   
Q.75 If the real part of the complex number z  ,    0,  is zero, then the value of
1  3i cos   2
sin23 + cos2 is equal to _____.

 z 1  
Q.76 The equation arg   represents a circle with :
 z 1 4
(1) centre at (0, –1) and radius 2 (2) centre at (0, 1) and radius 2
(3) centre at (0,0) and radius 2 (4) centre at (0,1) and radius 2

1 i 3
Q.77 Let z  , i   1. Then the value of
2
3 3 3 3
 1  1   1  1 
2l   z     z 2  2    z 3  3   ....   z 21  21  is _______.
 z  z   z   z 

100
Q.78 If  3 i  2 p  iq , then p and q are roots of the equation :
99

(1) x 2   3  1x  3  0 (2) x   3  1x 

2
30
(3) x 2   3  1x  3  0 (4) x   3  1x 
2
30

2i n , i   1 is a positive integer, is _____.

Q.79 The least positive integer n such that
1  i n 2
 zi 
Q.80 If S  z  C :  R , then :
 z  2i 
(1) S contains exactly two elements (2) S contains only one element
(3) S is a circle in the complex plane (4) S is a straight line in the complex plane

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 COMPLEX NUMBER


Q.81 Let z1 and z2 be two complex numbers such that argz1  z 2   and z1, z2 satisfy the equation
4
z  3  Rez . Then the imaginary part of z1 + z2 is equal to _______.

a1 a2 a3
2 r 2 r
Q.82 If a r  cos  i sin , r  1, 2, 3, ....., i   1, then the determinant a 4 a5 a 6 is equal to :
9 9 a7 a8 a9
(1) a2a6 – a4a8 (2) a9 (3) a1a9 – a3a7 (4) a5

z2 
Q.83 A point z moves in the complex plane such that arg   , then the minimum value of
z2 4
2
z  9 2  2i is equal to ______.

zi
Q.84 If z is a complex number such that is purely imaginary, then the minimum value of |z – (3 + 3i)| is :
z 1
(1) 2 2  1 (2) 3 2 (3) 6 2 (4) 2 2

Q.85 If for the complex numbers z satisfying |z – 2 – 2i|  1, the maximum value of |3iz + 6| is attained at
a + ib, then a + b is equal to ______.

EXERCISE-4 (Rank Booster)

Q.1(a) Let z = x + iy be a complex number, where x and y are real numbers. Let A and B be the sets defined by
A = {z | | z |  2} and B = {z | (1 – i)z + (1 + i) z  4}. Find the area of the region A  B.
1
(b) For all real numbers x, let the mapping f (x) = , where i =  1 . If there exist real number a, b, c and d
x i
for which f (a), f (b), f (c) and f (d) form a square on the complex plane. Find the area of the square.
1
(c) For all real numbers x, let the mapping f(x) = , where i =  1 . If there exist real numbers
2x  i
a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6 for which f(a1), f(a2), f(a3), f(a4), f(a5) and f(a6) form a regular hexagon on the
a b
complex plane whose area is (a, b, c N). Compute minimum value of (a + b + c).
c

Q.2 Prove that , with regard to the quadratic equation z2 + (p + ip) z + q + iq = 0
where p , p, q , q are all real.
(i) if the equation has one real root then q 2  pp  q + qp 2 = 0 .
(ii) if the equation has two equal roots then p2  p2 = 4q & pp = 2q .
State whether these equal roots are real or complex.

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

Q.3 A function f is defined on the complex number by f (z) = (a + bi)z, where 'a' and 'b' are positive
numbers. This function has the property that the image of each point in the complex plane is equidistant
u
from that point and the origin. Given that | a + bi | = 8 and that b2 = where u and v are coprimes. Find
v
the value of (u + v).

Q.4 Consider the diagonal matrix An = dia (d1, d2, d3, ....... dn) of order n where di = i–1, 1  i  n
i 2
and  = en  1 , is the nth root of unity. Let
;i=
L : represent the value of Tr. (A7)7 ,
M: denotes the value of det (A2n+1) + det (A2n). Find the value of (L + M).
[Note : Tr(A) denotes trace of square matrix A.]

Q.5 If z is one of the imaginary 7th roots of unity, then find the equation whose roots are (z + z4 + z2) and
(z6 + z3 + z5).

Q.6 Let ,  be fixed complex numbers and z is a variable complex number such that,
2 2
z   + z   = k.
Find out the limits for 'k' such that the locus of z is a circle. Find also the centre and radius of the circle.

Q.7 C is the complex number. f : C  R is defined by f (z) = | z3 – z + 2|. Find the maximum value of f (z)
if | z | = 1.

Q.8 Let a, b, c are distinct integers and w, w2 are the imaginary cube roots of unity. If minimum value of
1
2 2
| a + bw + cw | + | a + bw + cw | is n4 where n  N, then find the value of n.

Q.9 If the biquadratic x4 + ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0 (a, b, c, d  R) has 4 non real roots, two with sum
3 + 4i and the other two with product 13 + i. Find the value of 'b'.

Q.10 If the area of the polygon whose vertices are the solutions (in the complex plane) of the equation
a b c
x7 + x6 + x5 + x4 + x3 + x2 + x + 1 = 0, can be expressed in the simplest form as , find the
d
value of (a + b + c + d).

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

ELEMENTARY EXERCISE
21 12 22
Q.1 (a)  i; (b) 3 + 4i; (c)  8 + 0i; (d) i; (e) + 2  0 i or 0  2 i ; (f) 15
5 5 29 5
 2 2  5
Q.2 (a) x =1, y = 2; (b) x = 1 & y = 2 ; (c) (2 , 2) or   3 ,  3  ; (d) (1 ,1) 0 , 
 2

Q.3 (a) ± (5 + 4i) ; (b) ± (5  6i) (c) ± 5(1 + i) Q.4 (a) 160 ; (b)  (77 +108 i)
3 3 3 3  5i 1 i
Q.5 –  i Q.6 (a)  i ,  2i (b) or 
2 2 2 2
Q.7 (a) on a circle of radius 7 with centre (1, 2) ; (b) on a unit circle with centre at origin
(c) on a circle with centre (15/4, 0) & radius 9/4 ; (d) a straight line
Q.8 a=b=2 3; Q.9 z3 = 3(1  i) and z'3  3(1  i)
Q.10 x = 1, y =  4 or x =  1, y =  4
5 5
Q.11 (i) Modulus = 6 , Arg = 2 k  + (K  I) , Principal Arg = (K  I)
18 18
7 5
(ii) Modulus = 2 , Arg = 2 k  + , Principal Arg = 
6 6
5
(iii) Modulus = , Arg = 2 k  tan1 2 (K  I) , Principal Arg =  tan12
6

3 i 3 i x 2 y2
Q.17 (a)  ,  ,i Q.18  1
2 2 2 2 64 48

(1, 0) for n  4k
(1,1) for n  4k  1
Q.19 (0,1) for n  4k  2 Q.20 B Q.21 C Q.22 C
(0, 0) for n  4k  3


EXERCISE-1
4 4 4
Q.1 (i) Principal Arg z =  ; z = 2 cos ; Arg z = 2 k  k I
9 9 9
(ii) Modulus = sec21 , Arg = 2 n (2 –  ) , Principal Arg = (2 –  )
 3  2
(iii) Principal value of Agr z =  & z = ; Principal value of Arg z = & z =
2 2 2 3
1  11 11
(iv) Modulus = cos ec , Arg z = 2n  , Principal Arg =
2 5 20 20

Q.2 (a) 2, (b) – 11/2 Q.3 [( 2, 2) ; ( 2,  2)]

Q.4 (a) z = (2 + i) or (1 – 3i); (b) z = 1 or 2  i Q.5 (a) 1, (b) 2
Q.6 (b) 30
Q.8 (a) The region between the co encentric circles with centre at (0 , 2) & radii 1 & 3 units

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

1 1
(b) region outside or on the circle with centre + 2i and radius .
2 2
(c) semi circle (in the 1st & 4th quadrant) x² + y² = 1 (d) a ray emanating from the point
(3 + 4i) directed away from the origin & having equation 3 x  y  4  3 3  0
1
Q.9 18 Q.10 Q.11 4 Q.12 x3 + q x  r = 0
4
Q.13 15 Q.14 (a) 1 ; (b) 2 Q.15 –4
iz 1
Q.16 (Z + 1) (Z²  2Z cos 36° + 1) (Z²  2Z cos 108° + 1) Q.17  i
2 2
Q.18 10 Q.19 4 Q.20 41 Q.23 26
Q.24 (3+ 7i) Q.25 48(1 - i)
EXERCISE-2
SPECIAL DPP-1
Q.1 B Q.2 B Q.3 C Q.4 C Q.5 A Q.6 A Q.7 D
Q.8 C Q.9 B Q.10 A Q.11 B Q.12 BCD Q.13 16

SPECIAL DPP-2
Q.1 C Q.2 B Q.3 D Q.4 (a) C; (b) B Q.5 A
Q.6 C Q.7 A Q.8 B Q.9 A Q.10 D Q.11 B Q.12 D

SPECIAL DPP-3
Q.1 C Q.2 B Q.3 A Q.4 C Q.5 C Q.6 C Q.7 C
Q.8 A Q.9 B Q.10 C Q.11 A Q.12 B Q.13 C Q.14 B
Q.15 B Q.16 B Q.17 D Q.18 D Q.19 674

SPECIAL DPP-4
Q.1 (i) D ; (ii) C Q.2 C Q.3 B Q.4 B Q.5 A Q.6 B
Q.7 D Q.8 A Q.9 B Q.10 A Q.11 C Q.12 D Q.13 AB
Q.14 BCD Q.15 BC

SPECIAL DPP-5
Q.1 A Q.2 A Q.3 D Q.4 C Q.5 C Q.6 A Q.7 A
Q.8 D Q.9 A Q.10 B Q.11 A Q.12 B Q.13 A Q.14 B
Q.15 1 Q.16 6 Q.17 5

SPECIAL DPP-6
Q.1 A Q.2 B Q.3 A Q.4 C Q.5 B Q.6 B Q.7 D
Q.8 B Q.9 D Q.10 C Q.11 C Q.12 D Q.13 C Q.14 B
Q.15 C Q.16 B Q.17 BD Q.18 C Q.19 CD Q.20 ABCD Q.21 ABC
Q.22 ABCD Q.23 AB Q.24 ACD Q.25 (A) Q, R; (B) P, S; (C) Q, S; (D) P, R

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 COMPLEX NUMBER

EXERCISE-33
SECTION-A
Q.1   
(a) A, (b) B, (c) z2 = – 3 i ; z3 = 1  3  i ; z4 = 1  3  i 
Q.2 D Q.3 (a) D; (b) D
Q.4 (a) D; (b) (i) B; (ii) C; (iii) D Q.5 (a) D; (b) A
Q.6 (a) A, C, D; (b) 1; (c) (A) q, r (B) p (C) p,s,t (D) q,r,s,t
Q.7 (a) A (b) (i) D; (ii) A; (iii) B (c) 5 (d) 3
(e) (A) S, (B) T, (C) R , (D) R (f) (A) Q, (B) P or P, Q, R, S, T , (C) S, (D) T
Q.8 D Q.9 C Q.10 CD Q.11 BCD
Q.12 C Q.13 B Q.14 C Q.15 4
Q.16 A - PQ, B - PQ, C - PQST, D - QT Q.17 1 Q.18 ACD
Q.19 AD Q.20 ABD Q.21 ACD Q.22 4 Q.23 3.00
Q.24 BC Q.25 8 Q.26 C Q.27 BD

SECTION-B
Q.1 3 Q.2 3 Q.3 3 Q.4 3 Q.5 4
Q.6 2 Q.7 2 Q.8 1 Q.9 2 Q.10 3
Q.11 4 Q.12 2 Q.13 3 Q.14 2 Q.15 3
Q.16 2 Q.17 1 Q.18 3 Q.19 1 Q.20 4
Q.21 4 Q.22 1 Q.23 Bonus Q.24 2 Q.25 1
Q.26 2 Q.27 3 Q.28 1 Q.29 2 Q.30 4
Q.31 4 Q.32 1 Q.33 1 Q.34 2 Q.35 4
Q.36 3 Q.37 3 Q.38 2 Q.39 3 Q.40 4
Q.41 1 Q.42 3 Q.43 4 Q.44 2 Q.45 1
Q.46 4 Q.47 4 Q.48 3 Q.49 3 Q.50 4
Q.51 4 Q.52 3 Q.53 4 Q.54 3 Q.55 10
Q.56 310 Q.57 D Q.58 3 Q.59 48 Q.60 B
Q.61 4 Q.62 A Q.63 B Q.64 C Q.65 B
Q.66 6 Q.67 B Q.68 0 Q.69 3 Q.70 1
Q.71 2 Q.72 1 Q.73 1 Q.74 4 Q.75 1
Q.76 2 Q.77 13 Q.78 1 Q.79 6 Q.80 4
Q.81 6 Q.82 3 Q.83 98 Q.84 4 Q.85 5

EXERCISE-4
Q.1 (a)  – 2 ; (b) 1/2 (c) 14 Q.3 259 Q.4 7
1 2
Q.5 x2 + x + 2 = 0 Q.6 k> 
2
Q.7 | f (z) | is maximum when z = , where  is the cube root unity and | f (z) | = 13
Q.8 144 Q.9 51 Q.10 8

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