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    Transmission Line Parameter Estimation

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    Kamal

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    Transmission Line Parameter Estimation

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    Transmission Line Parameter Estimation

    Uploaded by

    Kamal

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    Tutorial: Transmission Line Parameter Estimation

    Question 1
    [H Saadat; “Power System Analysis”; McGraw-Hill; ISBN: 0-07-048739-1]
    A stranded conductor consists of seven identical strands each having a radius 𝑟 as shown below.
    Determine the GMR of the conductor.

    r
    1 2

    6 7 3

    5 4

    Answer
    Calculate the distances between sub-conductor 1 and the remaining sub-conductors:
    𝐷11 = 𝑟 ′ = 𝑟𝑒 −0.25 = 0.7788𝑟
    𝐷12 = 𝐷16 = 𝐷17 = 2𝑟, 𝐷14 = 4𝑟

    𝐷15 = 𝐷13 = 2√4𝑟 2 − 𝑟 2 = 2√3𝑟


    Calculate the Geometric Mean Radius (GMR) of the conductor as follows:
    49
    𝐺𝑀𝑅 = √(𝐷11 𝐷12 ⋯ 𝐷17 )(𝐷21 𝐷22 ⋯ 𝐷27 ) ⋯ (𝐷71 𝐷72 ⋯ 𝐷77 )

    49 6
    𝐺𝑀𝑅 = √[(𝑟 ′ )(2𝑟)(2√3𝑟)(4𝑟)(2√3𝑟)(2𝑟)(2𝑟)] [(𝑟 ′ )(2𝑟)6 ] = 2.1797𝑟

    Question 2
    [J. D. Glover, T. J. Overbye, M. S. Sarma; “Power System Analysis & Design”; 6th edition; ISBN: 978-
    1-305-63213-4]
    Conductor arrangement of a single phase overhead system is shown in the figure below. Calculate the
    inductance of conductor X and conductor Y.

    0.5 𝑚 1.5 𝑚 2𝑚 0.3 𝑚

    1 2 3

    𝑟𝑥 𝑟𝑥 𝑟𝑥 = 0.03 𝑚 1’ 2’

    𝑟𝑦 𝑟𝑦 = 0.04 𝑚
    𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑋 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑌

    1|Page
    Answer

    Calculate the Geometric Mean Distance (GMD) between conductor X and conductor Y.
    𝐷11′ = 4, 𝐷12′ = 4.3
    𝐷21′ = 3.5, 𝐷22′ = 3.8
    𝐷31′ = 2, 𝐷32′ = 2.3
    6
    𝐺𝑀𝐷 = √(𝐷11′ 𝐷12′ )(𝐷21′ 𝐷22′ )(𝐷31′ 𝐷32′ )
    6
    𝐺𝑀𝐷 = √(4 × 4.3)(3.5 × 3.8)(2 × 2.3) = 3.189 𝑚

    Calculate GMR of conductor X alone.


    𝐷11 = 𝐷22 = 𝐷33 = 𝑟′𝑥 = 𝑒 −0.25 × 0.03 = 0.02336 𝑚
    𝐷12 = 𝐷21 = 0.5, 𝐷13 = 𝐷31 = 2, 𝐷23 = 𝐷32 = 1.5
    9
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝑋 = √(𝐷11 𝐷12 𝐷13 )(𝐷21 𝐷22 𝐷23 )(𝐷31 𝐷32 𝐷33 )
    9
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝑋 = √(0.02336 × 0.5 × 2)(0.5 × 0.02336 × 2)(2 × 1.5 × 0.02336) = 0.3128 𝑚

    Calculate GMR of conductor Y alone.


    𝐷1′1′ = 𝐷2′2′ = 𝑟′𝑦 = 𝑒 −0.25 × 0.04 = 0.03115 𝑚
    𝐷1′2′ = 𝐷2′1′ = 0.3
    4
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝑌 = √(𝐷1′1′ 𝐷1′2′ )(𝐷2′1′ 𝐷2′2′ )
    4
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝑌 = √(0.03115 × 0.3)(0.3 × 0.03115) = 0.09667 𝑚

    Inductance of conductor X:
    𝐺𝑀𝐷 3.189
    𝐿𝑋 = 2 × 10−7 ln ( ) = 2 × 10−7 ln ( ) = 4.644 × 10−7 𝐻⁄𝑚
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝑋 0.3128
    Inductance of conductor Y:
    𝐺𝑀𝐷 3.189
    𝐿𝑌 = 2 × 10−7 ln ( ) = 2 × 10−7 ln ( ) = 6.992 × 10−7 𝐻⁄𝑚
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝑌 0.09667

    Question 3
    [H Saadat; “Power System Analysis”; McGraw-Hill; ISBN: 0-07-048739-1]

    The three-phase conductors in an overhead transmission line are arranged as shown below. The
    conductor radius and geometric mean radius are 0.056 ft and 0.0444 ft respectively. Calculate the
    inductance and capacitance per phase per kilometer.

    𝑎 𝑏 𝑐

    35′ 35′

    2|Page
    Answer
    Inductance, 𝐿
    𝐺𝑀𝐷 𝐻
    𝐿 = 2 × 10−7 ln ( ) ⁄𝑚
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐿
    3
    𝐺𝑀𝐷 = √35 × 35 × 70 = 44.0972 𝑓𝑡
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐿 = 0.0444 𝑓𝑡
    𝐺𝑀𝐷 44.0972
    𝐿 = 2 × 10−7 ln ( ) = 2 × 10−7 ln ( ) = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟖𝟎𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟔 𝑯⁄𝒎
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐿 0.0444
    Capacitance, 𝐶
    2𝜋𝜀0 𝐹⁄
    𝐶= 𝑚
    𝐺𝑀𝐷
    ln (𝐺𝑀𝑅 )
    𝐶

    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐶 = 0.056 𝑓𝑡
    2𝜋 × 8.85 × 10−12
    𝐶= = 𝟖. 𝟑𝟑𝟖𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟐 𝑭⁄𝒎
    44.0972
    ln ( )
    0.056

    Question 4
    Calculate the inductance and capacitance per phase per meter of a three-phase double circuit line whose
    phase conductors have a radius of 5.3 cm with the horizontal conductor arrangement as shown in the
    figure below.

    𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐴′ 𝐵′ 𝐶′

    8𝑚 8𝑚 8𝑚 8𝑚 8𝑚

    Answer
    Lines are transposed.
    Inductance, 𝐿
    𝐺𝑀𝐷 𝐻
    𝐿 = 2 × 10−7 ln ( ) ⁄𝑚
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐿

    GMD calculation; 𝐺𝑀𝐷 = 3√𝐺𝑀𝐷𝐴𝐵 × 𝐺𝑀𝐷𝐵𝐶 × 𝐺𝑀𝐷𝐶𝐴

    3|Page
    4
    𝐺𝑀𝐷𝐴𝐵 = 4√𝐷𝐴𝐵 × 𝐷𝐵𝐴′ × 𝐷𝐴′𝐵′ × 𝐷𝐵′𝐴 = √8 × 16 × 8 × 32 = 13.4543 𝑚
    4
    𝐺𝑀𝐷𝐵𝐶 = 4√𝐷𝐵𝐶 × 𝐷𝐶𝐵′ × 𝐷𝐵′𝐶′ × 𝐷𝐶′𝐵 = √8 × 16 × 8 × 32 = 13.4543 𝑚
    4
    𝐺𝑀𝐷𝐶𝐴 = 4√𝐷𝐶𝐴 × 𝐷𝐴𝐶′ × 𝐷𝐶′𝐴′ × 𝐷𝐴′𝐶 = √16 × 40 × 16 × 8 = 16.9179 𝑚
    3
    𝐺𝑀𝐷 = √13.4543 × 13.4543 × 16.9179 = 14.5219 𝑚

    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐿 calculation; 𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐿 = 3√𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐴𝐿 × 𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐵𝐿 × 𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐶𝐿

    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐴𝐿 = 4√𝐷𝐴𝐴 × 𝐷𝐴𝐴′ × 𝐷𝐴′𝐴′ × 𝐷𝐴′𝐴


    5.3
    𝐷𝐴𝐴 = 𝐷𝐴′𝐴′ = 𝐷𝐵𝐵 = 𝐷𝐵′𝐵′ = 𝐷𝐶𝐶 = 𝐷𝐶′𝐶′ = 𝑟 ′ = 𝑟 × 𝑒 −0.25 = ( ) × 𝑒 −0.25 = 0.0413 𝑚
    100
    4
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐴𝐿 = √0.0413 × 24 × 0.0413 × 24 = 0.9956 𝑚
    4
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐵𝐿 = 4√𝐷𝐵𝐵 × 𝐷𝐵𝐵′ × 𝐷𝐵′𝐵′ × 𝐷𝐵′𝐵 = √0.0413 × 24 × 0.0413 × 24 = 0.9956 𝑚
    4
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐶𝐿 = 4√𝐷𝐶𝐶 × 𝐷𝐶𝐶′ × 𝐷𝐶′𝐶′ × 𝐷𝐶′𝐶 = √0.0413 × 24 × 0.0413 × 24 = 0.9956 𝑚
    3
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐿 = √0.9956 × 0.9956 × 0.9956 = 0.9956 𝑚
    Inductance per phase per meter;
    𝐺𝑀𝐷 14.5219
    𝐿 = 2 × 10−7 ln ( ) = 2 × 10−7 ln ( ) = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟑𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟔 𝑯⁄𝒎
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐿 0.9956
    Capacitance, C
    2𝜋𝜀0
    𝐶=
    𝐺𝑀𝐷
    ln (𝐺𝑀𝑅 )
    𝐶

    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐶 = 3√𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐴𝐶 × 𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐵𝐶 × 𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐶𝐶

    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐴𝐶 = 4√𝐷𝐴𝐴 × 𝐷𝐴𝐴′ × 𝐷𝐴′𝐴′ × 𝐷𝐴′𝐴

    𝐷𝐴𝐴 = 𝐷𝐴′𝐴′ = 𝐷𝐵𝐵 = 𝐷𝐵′𝐵′ = 𝐷𝐶𝐶 = 𝐷𝐶′𝐶′ = 𝑟 = 5.3 × 10−2 𝑚


    4
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐴𝐶 = √(5.3 × 10−2 )2 × (24)2 = 1.1278 𝑚
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐴𝐶 = 𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐵𝐶 = 𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐶𝐶
    𝐺𝑀𝑅𝐶 = 1.1278 𝑚
    Capacitance per phase per meter;
    2𝜋𝜀0 2𝜋 × 8.85 × 10−12
    𝐶= = = 𝟐𝟏. 𝟕𝟔𝟎𝟒 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟐 𝑭⁄𝒎
    𝐺𝑀𝐷 14.5219
    ln (𝐺𝑀𝑅 ) ln ( 1.1278 )
    𝐶

    4|Page

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