Câu hỏi 1 Đã bỏ qua

You are designing test cases based on the following decision table.

So far you have designed the following test cases:

TC1: 19-year-old, unregistered man with no experience; expected result:
category A
TC2: 65-year-old, unregistered woman with 5 years of experience; expected
result: category B
TC3: 66-year-old, registered man with no experience; expected result: category
C
TC4: 65-year-old, registered woman with 4 years of experience; expected
result: category D
Which of the following test cases, when added to the existing set of test cases, will increase the decision
table coverage?

(D) No additional test case can increase the already achieved decision table coverage

(C) 19-year-old, registered woman with 5 years of experience; expected result: category D

(B) 55-year-old, unregistered woman with 2 years of experience; expected result: category
A

Correct answer

(A) 66-year-old, unregistered man with no experience; expected result: category B

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.2.3
Test cases TC1, TC2, TC3 and TC4 cover, respectively, rules R2, R3, R7 and R6 in the decision table.
(A) Is correct. The conditions “66-year-old”, “unregistered” and “no experience” match rule R4, which is
not covered by the existing test cases, so after adding this test case, the decision table coverage will
increase
(B) Is not correct. The conditions “55-year-old”, “unregistered” and “2 years of experience” match rule
R2, already covered by TC1. So adding this test case will not increase the coverage
(C) Is not correct. The conditions “19-year-old”, “registered” and “5 years of experience” match rule R6,
already covered by TC4. So adding this test case will not increase the coverage
(D) Is not correct. The existing test cases cover only 4 out of 7 columns of the decision table. The
coverage can be increased by adding test cases that cover yet uncovered columns, that is, R1, R4 and
R5

Câu hỏi 2 Đã bỏ qua

You are working on a project to develop a system to analyze driving test results. You have been asked to
design test cases based on the following decision table

What test data will show that there are contradictory rules in the decision table?

Correct answer
 (D) C1 = F, C2 = F, C3 = F

(A) C1 = T, C2 = T, C3 = F

(C) C1 = T, C2 = T, C3 = T and C1 = F, C2 = T, C3 = T

(B) C1 = T, C2 = F, C3 = T

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.2.3
(A) Is not correct. The combination (T, T, F) does not match any rule. This is an example of omission,
not a contradiction
(B) Is not correct. The combination (T, F, T) matches only one column, R2, so there is no contradiction
(C) Is not correct. Both combinations (T, T, T) and (F, T, T) match only one column, R1, so there is no
contradiction
(D) Is correct. The combination (F, F, F) matches both R2 and R3, but R2 and R3 have different
actions, so this shows a contradiction between R2 and R3

Câu hỏi 3 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is an example of how product risk analysis influences thoroughness and scope of
testing?

Correct answer

(D) Risk assessment revealed a very high level of performance risks, so it was decided to
perform detailed performance efficiency testing early in the SDLC

(C) During the quantitative risk analysis, the team estimated the total level of all identified
risks and reported it as the total residual risk before testing
 (B) One of the identified risks was "Lack of support of open-source databases", so the
team decided to integrate the system with an open-source database

(A) The test manager monitors and reports the level of all known risks on a daily basis so
the stakeholders can make an informed decision on the release date

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.2.3
(A) is not correct. This is an example of a risk monitoring activity, not risk analysis
(B) is not correct. This is an example of an architectural decision, not related with testing
(C) is not correct. This is an example of performing a quantitative risk analysis and is not related to
thoroughness or scope of testing
(D) is correct. This shows how risk analysis impacts the thoroughness of testing (i.e., the level of detail)

Câu hỏi 4 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following are advantages of DevOps?

i. Faster product release and faster time to market
ii. Increases the need for repetitive manual testing
iii. Constant availability of executable software
iv. Reduction in the number of regression tests associated with code refactoring
v. Setting up the test automation framework is inexpensive since everything is automated

(B) iii, v are advantages

(D) ii, iv, v are advantages

(A) i, ii, iv are advantages

 Correct answer

(C) i, iii are advantages

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-2.1.4
i. is true. Faster product release and faster time to market is an advantage of DevOps
ii. is false. Typically, we need less effort for manual tests because of the use of test automation
iii. is true. Constant availability of executable software is an advantage
iv. is false. More regression tests are needed
v. is false. Not everything is automated and setting up a test automation framework is expensive Hence
c is correct.

Câu hỏi 5 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

Correct answer

(D) Regression testing is concerned with adverse effects in unchanged code, whereas
confirmation testing is concerned with testing changed code

(B) Regression tests are created and run when the test object is fixed, whereas
confirmation tests are run whenever the test object is enhanced

(C) Regression testing is concerned with checking that the operational environment
remains
unchanged, whereas confirmation testing is concerned with testing changes to the test
object

(A) Regression tests increase in number as the project progresses, whereas the number of
confirmation tests decreases as the project progresses
Giải thích tổng thể
FL-2.2.3
(A) Is not correct. Regression tests increase in number as the project progresses, as new regression
tests are typically required as changes are made to the system. Similarly, the number of confirmation
tests also typically increases as the project progresses as new confirmation tests are needed for each
fix made to a system
(B) Is not correct. It is the other way round. Confirmation tests are created and run when the test object
is fixed, and regression tests are (ideally) run whenever the test object is enhanced (changed)
(C) Is not correct. Confirmation testing verifies that a defect has been fixed correctly and so is
concerned with testing changes to the test object. However, regression testing ensures that changes
(including changes to the operational environment) do not have negative effects on unchanged
software and so does not check that the operational environment remains unchanged
(D) Is correct. Regression testing ensures that changes do not have negative effects on unchanged
software. Confirmation testing verifies that a defect has been fixed – and so is concerned with changed
code

Câu hỏi 6 Đã bỏ qua

A designer documents a design for a user interface that does not suitably address disabled users because
the designer is tired. The programmer implements the user interface in line with the design but as they are
working under severe time pressure, they do not include suitable exception handling in their program code
for bonus calculations. When the operational system is used, complaints are made by some disabled users
about the interface and the company is subsequently fined by the relevant regulatory authority. No one
notices that bonus calculations are sometimes incorrect.
Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

Correct answer

(C) The programmer working under severe time pressure is a root cause

(B) The fine received for failing to address some disabled users is a failure

(A) The miscalculation of bonuses is a defect that occasionally occurs

 (D) The design of the user interface includes a designer error

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.2.3
(A) Is not correct. The miscalculation of bonuses is a failure by the system, not a defect
(B) Is not correct. The system not suitably supporting disabled users is a failure which eventually
results in a fine, but the fine itself is not a failure (it appears to be the correct functioning of the
regulatory system)
(C) Is correct. The error is made by the programmer and this mistake is caused by them working under
severe time pressure, which is the root cause of the subsequent defect
(D) Is not correct. The poor design of the user interface, which does not suitably address disabled
users, is a design defect caused by the designer error. Thus the design of the user interface includes a
design defect not a designer error

Câu hỏi 7 Đã bỏ qua

What is the relationship between the testing quadrants, test levels and test types?

(C) Testing quadrants assign the test types that can be performed to the test levels

(B) Testing quadrants describe the degree of granularity of individual test types performed
at each test leve

Correct answer

(D) Testing quadrants group test levels and test types by several criteria such as targeting
specific stakeholders

(A) Testing quadrants represent particular combinations of test levels and test types,
defining their location in the software development lifecycle
Giải thích tổng thể
FL-5.1.7
(A) Is not correct. Testing quadrants group test levels and test types separately according to several
criteria. They do not represent any combinations of test levels and test types and they are not related to
any location within a software development lifecycle. Both test levels and test types are treated
separately in the testing quadrants model
(B) Is not correct. Testing quadrants group test levels and test types according to several criteria. They
do not describe the degree of granularity of individual test types performed at each test level. Such a
model, regarding the test levels, is called the test pyramid
(C) Is not correct. The statement is wrong, because in general any test type can be performed at any
test level
(D) Is correct. The testing quadrants group test levels, test types, activities, test techniques and work
products in Agile software development. In this model, tests can be business facing or technology
facing. Tests can support the team (i.e., guide the development) or critique the product (i.e., measure
its behavior against expectations). The combination of these two viewpoints determines the four
quadrants

Câu hỏi 8 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is a good testing practice that applies to all software development lifecycles?

(D) Testers should review work products immediately after they are published

Correct answer

(B) Testers should review work products as soon as drafts are available

(A) Testers should review work products as part of the next development phase

(C) Testers should review work products before test analysis and design begins

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-2.1.2
(A) Is not correct. Testers should review work products as soon as drafts are available to enable early
testing as part of a shift-left approach. If they waited until the next development phase, then
unnecessary development (and test) work could be started on unreviewed, flawed work products
(B) Is correct. Testers should review work products as soon as drafts are available to enable early
testing as part of a shift-left approach
(C) Is not correct. Testers typically review work products that form the test basis as part of test analysis,
not before test analysis and design
(D) Is not correct. Testers should review work products as soon as drafts are available to enable early
testing as part of a shift-left approach. Waiting until they are published means that any defects that
could be found by tester review will be in the published document

Câu hỏi 9 Đã bỏ qua

Consider the following defect report for a web-based shopping application:

Application: WebShop v0.99
Defect: Login button not working
Steps to Reproduce:
Launch the website
Click on the login button
Expected result: The user should be redirected to the login page.
Actual result: The login button does not respond when clicked.
Severity: High
Priority: Urgent
What is the MOST important information that is missing from this report?

Correct answer

(B) Test environment elements and their version numbers

(D) Impact on the interests of stakeholders

(C) Identification of the test object

 (A) Name of the tester and date of the report

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.5.1
(A) Is not correct. This is important, but not as important as test environment elements
(B) Is correct. The important thing that is missing is the identification of the browser and device used for
the testing. The browser and device information are important because such a defect can be browser-
or device-specific. For example, a login button may work fine on one browser (or one version of a
specific browser) but not on another. Therefore, the browser and device information can help the
developers to reproduce the issue and find the root cause of the problem more quickly
(C) Is not correct. The test object is identified (WebShop v0.99)
(D) Is not correct. The impact is included – this is severity (high)

Câu hỏi 10 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following BEST define EXIT criteria in a testing project?

Select TWO options

(A) The budget is approved

Correct selection

(B) Budget runs out

(C) Test basis is available

(E) All test analysts are ISTQB certified at the Foundation Level

Correct selection
 (D) Test cases achieved at least 80% statement coverage

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.1.3
(A) Is not correct. The approval of the budget is an example of an entry criterion. It would make no
sense to approve the budget for some activity that has already been done
(B) Is correct. Running out of budget can be viewed as a valid exit criterion
(C) Is not correct. Availability of resources is an example of an entry criterion for testing
(D) Correct. Coverage is a measure of thoroughness, so it is a typical exit criterion
(E) Is not correct. This is an example of an entry criterion, checked before the project starts

Câu hỏi 11 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following statements is a CORRECT example of the value of traceability?

Correct answer

(B) Traceability between user requirements and test execution results provides a means of
measuring project progress against business goals

(A) Traceability between the mitigated risks and passing test cases provides a means of
determining the level of residual risk

(C) Traceability between testers and failing test cases provides a means of determining the
skill
level of the testers

(D) Traceability between the identified risks and written test conditions provides a means
of determining which risks are worth testing

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.4.4
(A) Is not correct. Traceability between the mitigated risks and passing test cases provides little
information, because to be mitigated (by testing) the risks would need to have a corresponding passing
test case. To be able to assess residual risk, traceability between all risks and test results needs to be
available, so that the risks that do not have a corresponding passing test can be identified as the
residual risks
(B) Is correct. Traceability between user requirements and test execution results provides an indication
of which user requirements have been tested and so provides a means of measuring project progress
(in the context of testing) against business goals
(C) Is not correct. It is not clear that failing test cases provide an indication of tester skills any more than
passing test cases. It would partly depend on the test objective (e.g., building confidence or causing
failures). Also, such measurement of testers based on passing and failing test cases can be counter-
productive as it could cause the testers to optimize their testing based on that metric rather than the
test objective
(D) Is not correct. Traceability between the identified risks and written test conditions provides a means
of determining which further test conditions need to be written. Determining which risks are worth
testing is part of risk management, and risk mitigation in particular

Câu hỏi 12 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is NOT anticipated by the tester while applying error guessing?

(B) The developer wrote “FA = A*(1+IR^N)” instead of “FA = A*(1+IR)^N” in the source code

Correct answer

(C) The developer missed the seminar on new compound interest rate legislation

(D) The accuracy of the interest calculated by the system is not precise enough

(A) The developer misunderstood the formula in the user story for calculating the interest

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.4.1
Error guessing is about anticipating the errors, defects and failures based on the tester’s knowledge.
(A) Is not correct. This is an example of anticipating the developer’s error
(B) Is not correct. This is an example of anticipating the defect
(C) Is correct. This is an example of a potential root cause of a defect, which is neither an error, defect
nor failure, and difficult for the tester to anticipate
(D) Is not correct. This is an example of anticipating a failure, perhaps based on experience of previous
systems in this application domain

Câu hỏi 13 Đã bỏ qua

Given the following risks:

1. Ineffective loop implementation causes long system responses
2. Consumers change their preferences
3. Flooding of the server room
4. Patients above a certain age receive inaccurate reports
And the following mitigation activities:
A. Risk acceptance
B. Performance testing
C. Using boundary value analysis as the test technique
D. Risk transfe
Which of the following BEST matches the risks with the mitigation activities?

1B, 2D, 3A, 4C

1C, 2A, 3D, 4B

1C, 2D, 3A, 4B

Correct answer

1B, 2A, 3D, 4C

Giải thích tổng thể
FL-5.2.4
Considering each of the listed risks and their mitigations:
1. Long system responses (1) can be tested in performance testing (B)
2. Changes of consumers’ preferences (2) are usually out of our control, so usually we accept this risk
(A)
3. Flooding of the server room (3) can cause significant loss, so we should transfer the risk, e.g., by
buying an insurance policy (D)
4. That patients above a certain age receive inaccurate reports (4) suggests a potential boundary
problem, which can be effectively detected with techniques like BVA (C)
==> 1B, 2A, 3D, 4C

Câu hỏi 14 Đã bỏ qua

How is the whole team approach present in the interactions between testers and business representatives?

Correct answer

(D) Testers help business representatives to create suitable acceptance tests

(B) Testers help business representatives to define test strategy

(A) Business representatives decide on test automation approaches

(C) Business representatives are not part of the whole team approach

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.5.2
(A) is not correct. The test automation approach is defined by testers with the help of developers and
business representatives
(B) is not correct. The test strategy is decided in collaboration with the developers
(C) is not correct. Testers, developers, and business representatives are part of the whole team
approach
(D) is correct. Testers will work closely with business representatives to ensure that the desired quality
levels are achieved. This includes supporting and collaborating with them to help them create suitable
acceptance tests

Câu hỏi 15 Đã bỏ qua

Which item correctly identifies a potential risk of performing test automation?

(A) It may introduce unknown regressions in production

(C) Testing tools and associated testware may not be sufficiently relied upon

Correct answer

(B) Sufficient efforts to maintain testware may not be properly allocated

(D) It may reduce the time allocated for manual testing

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-6.2.1
(A) is not correct. Test automation does not introduce unknown regressions in production
(B) is correct. Wrong allocation of effort to maintain testware is a risk
(C) is not correct. Test tools must be selected so that they and their testware can be relied upon
(D) is not correct. The primary goal of test automation is to reduce manual testing. So, this is a benefit,
not a risk

Câu hỏi 16 Đã bỏ qua

Consider the following testware

 Which test activity produces this testware as an output?

Correct answer

(D) Test design

(A) Test planning

(C) Test analysis

(B) Test monitoring and control

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.4.3
The testware under consideration is a test charter Test charters are the output from test design
Hence (D) is correct.

Câu hỏi 17 Đã bỏ qua

 Which of the following is an example of a test-first approach to development?

(D) Performance-Driven Development

(C) Function-Driven Development

Correct answer

(A) Behavior-Driven Development

(B) Test Level Driven Development

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-2.1.3
(A) Is correct. Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) is a well-known example of a test-first approach to
development
(B) Is not correct. Test Level Driven Development is not a correct example of a test-first approach to
development
(C) Is not correct. Function-Driven Development is not a correct example of a test-first approach to
development
(D) Is not correct. Performance-Driven Development is not a correct example of a test-first approach to
development

Câu hỏi 18 Đã bỏ qua

Your test suite achieved 100% statement coverage. What is the consequence of this fact?

Correct answer

(A) Each instruction in the code that contains a defect has been executed at least once
 (B) Any test suite containing more test cases than your test suite will also achieve 100%
statement coverage

(C) Each path in the code has been executed at least once

(D) Every combination of input values has been tested at least once

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.3.1
(A) is correct. Since 100% statement coverage is achieved, every statement, including the ones with
defects, must have been executed and evaluated at least once
(B) is not correct. Coverage depends on what is tested, not on the number of test cases. For example,
for code “if (x==0) y=1”, one test case (x=0) achieves 100% statement coverage, but two test cases
(x=1) and (x=2) together achieve only 50% statement coverage
(C) is not correct. If there is a loop in the code there may be an infinite number of possible paths, so it is
not possible to execute all the possible paths in the code
(D) is not correct. Exhaustive testing is not possible (see the seven testing principles section in the
syllabus). For example,

Câu hỏi 19 Đã bỏ qua

Given the following roles in reviews:

1. Scribe
2. Review leader
3. Facilitator
4. Manager
And the following responsibilities in reviews:
A. Ensures the effective running of review meetings and the setting up a safe review environment
B. Records review information, such as decisions and new anomalies found during the review meeting
C. Decides what is to be reviewed and provides resources, such as staff and time for the review
D. Takes overall responsibility for the review such as organizing when and where the review will take place
Which of the following BEST matches the roles and responsibilities?
 1B, 2D, 3C, 4A

Correct answer

1B, 2D, 3A, 4C

1A, 2C, 3B, 4D

1A, 2B, 3D, 4C

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-3.2.3
Considering each of the listed roles:
1. Scribe (or Recorder) - responsible for gathering feedback from reviewers and documenting review
information, such as decisions made, and any new anomalies identified during the review meeting.
(Records review information, such as decisions and new anomalies found during the review meeting -
B)
2. Review Leader - responsible for overseeing the review process, such as selecting the review team
members, scheduling review meetings, and ensuring that the review is completed successfully. (Takes
overall responsibility for the review such as organizing when and where the review will take place - D)
3. Facilitator (or Moderator) - responsible for ensuring that the review meetings run effectively, including
managing time, mediating discussions, and creating a safe environment where everyone can voice
their opinions freely. (Ensures the effective running of review meetings and the setting up of a safe
review environment - A)
4. Manager - responsible for deciding what needs to be reviewed and allocating resources, such as
staff and time, for the review. (Decides what is to be reviewed and provides resources, such as staff
and time for the review - C)
==> 1B, 2D, 3A, 4C

Câu hỏi 20 Đã bỏ qua

The navigation system software has been updated due to it suggesting routes that break traffic laws, such
as driving the wrong way down one-way streets. Which of the following BEST describes the testing that will
be performed?

(A) Only confirmation testing

Correct answer

(B) Confirmation testing then regression testing

(D) Regression testing then confirmation testing

(C) Only regression testing

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-2.2.3
(A) Is not correct. Confirmation testing to check that the updates have resulted in a correct
implementation is necessary, however, it would then be sensible to perform regression testing to
ensure that no defects have been introduced or uncovered in unchanged areas of the system
(B) Is correct. Confirmation testing will check that the updates have resulted in a correct
implementation, and then regression testing will be used to ensure that no defects have been
introduced or uncovered in unchanged areas of the system
(C) Is not correct. Regression testing should be used to ensure that no defects have been introduced or
uncovered in unchanged areas of the system when the update was made, however it is also necessary
to perform confirmation testing that will check that the updates have resulted in a correct
implementation
(D) Is not correct. Confirmation testing will check that the updates have resulted in a correct
implementation, and regression testing will be used to ensure that no defects have been introduced or
uncovered in unchanged areas of the system. However, when performed (i.e., when an update needs
to be tested), confirmation testing precedes regression testing

Câu hỏi 21 Đã bỏ qua

 Which of the following is a benefit of early and frequent feedback?

(A) It improves the test process for future projects

(C) It is the only way to measure the quality of changes

(B) It forces customers to prioritize their requirements based on agreed risks

Correct answer

(D) It helps avoid requirements misunderstandings

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-3.2.1
(A) is not correct. Feedback can improve the test process, but if one only wants to improve future
projects, the feedback does not need to come early or frequently
(B) is not correct. Feedback is not used to prioritize requirements
(C) is not correct. The quality of changes can be measured in multiple ways
(D) is correct. Early and frequent feedback allows for the early communication of potential quality
problems

Câu hỏi 22 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the arguments below would you use to convince your manager to organize retrospectives at the
end of each release cycle?

(B) Organizing retrospectives will save the organization money because end user
representatives do not provide immediate feedback about the product
 (D) Retrospectives embrace five values including courage and respect, which are crucial to
maintain continuous improvement in the organization

Correct answer

(C) Process weaknesses identified during the retrospective can be analyzed and serve as a
to do list for the organization’s continuous process improvement program

(A) Retrospectives are very popular these days and clients would appreciate it if we added
them to our processes

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-2.1.6
(A) is not correct. Retrospectives are more useful for identifying improvement opportunities and have
little importance for clients
(B) is not correct. Business representatives are not giving feedback about the product itself. Therefore,
there is no financial gain to the organization
(C) is correct. Regularly conducted retrospectives, when appropriate follow up activities occur, are
critical to continual improvement of development and testing
(D) is not correct. Courage and respect are values of Extreme Programming and are not closely related
to retrospectives

Câu hỏi 23 Đã bỏ qua

Consider the following list:

Correct input not accepted
Incorrect input accepted
Wrong output format
Division by zero
What test technique is MOST PROBABLY used by the tester who uses this list when performing testing?

(C) Checklist-based testing

 (A) Exploratory testing

Correct answer

(B) Fault attack

(D) Boundary value analysis

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.4.1
(A) Is not correct. Exploratory testing uses test charters, not a list of possible defects/failures. Although
exploratory testing can incorporate the use of other test techniques, in this case fault attack is the most
likely option
(B) Is correct. This is a list of possible failures. Fault attacks are a methodical approach to the
implementation of error guessing and require the tester to create or acquire a list of possible errors,
defects and failures, and to design tests that will identify defects associated with the errors, expose the
defects, or cause the failures
(C) Is not correct. The tester is using a checklist of items to support their testing. Both error guessing
and checklist-based testing use such lists, however, the list here is of possible failures, not test
conditions, and so the MOST PROBABLE test technique is fault attack, which focuses on errors,
defects and failures
(D) Is not correct. BVA is based on an analysis of boundary values of equivalence partitions. The above
list does not mention equivalence partitions or their boundaries

Câu hỏi 24 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following statements about the different testing roles is MOST likely to be CORRECT?

Correct answer

(C) In Agile software development, test management activities that span multiple teams are
handled by a test manager outside the team, while some test management tasks are
handled by the team itself
 (B) The testing role is primarily responsible for test monitoring and control, while the test
management role is primarily responsible for test planning and test completion

(D) The test management role is primarily responsible for test analysis and test design,
while the testing role is primarily responsible for test implementation and execution

(A) In Agile software development, the test management role is the primary responsibility
of the
team, while the testing role is primarily the responsibility of a single individual from
outside the team

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.4.5
(A) Is not correct. Although it is correct to say that in Agile software development, some of the test
management tasks may be handled by the Agile team itself, the testing role is not primarily the
responsibility of a single individual from outside the team. Instead the testing is more likely to be
performed by various team members following the whole team approach
(B) Is not correct. The test management role primarily involves activities related to test planning, test
monitoring and control, and test completion. So, although this statement is partially correct, it is wrong
to say that the testing role is primarily responsible for test monitoring and control
(C) Is correct. In Agile software development, some of the test management tasks may be handled by
the Agile team itself. However, for test activities that span multiple teams within an organization, test
managers outside of the development team may perform these tasks
(D) Is not correct. The test management role primarily involves activities related to test planning, test
monitoring and control, and test completion, while the testing role is primarily responsible for the
technical and engineering aspects of testing, such as test analysis, test design, test implementation,
and test execution. Thus the test management role is not normally responsible for test analysis and test
design, although it is correct to say that the testing role is primarily responsible for test implementation
and execution

Câu hỏi 25 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is MOST likely to describe a task performed by someone in a test management role?
 Correct answer

(D) Create test completion report

(B) Define test environment requirements

(C) Assess testability of test object

(A) Evaluate test basis and test object

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.4.5
(A) Is not correct. The testing role is primarily responsible for the technical and engineering aspects of
testing, such as test analysis, test design, test implementation, and test execution. Evaluating the test
basis for defects and the test object for testability are tasks performed as part of test analysis, so it is
likely they are tasks performed by the testing role
(B) Is not correct. The testing role is primarily responsible for the technical and engineering aspects of
testing, such as test analysis, test design, test implementation, and test execution. Defining the test
environment requirements is a task performed as part of test design, so it is likely to be a task
performed by the testing role
(C) Is not correct. The testing role is primarily responsible for the technical and engineering aspects of
testing, such as test analysis, test design, test implementation, and test execution. Assessing the
testability of a test object is a task performed as part of test analysis, so it is likely to be a task
performed by the testing role
(D) Is correct. The test management role primarily involves activities related to test planning, test
monitoring and control, and test completion. Thus, creating the test completion report, which is the
prime output from the test completion activity, is likely to be a task performed by the test management
role

Câu hỏi 26 Đã bỏ qua

The following decision table contains the rules for determining the risk of atherosclerosis.
You designed the test cases with the following test input data:
TC1: Cholesterol = 125 mg/dl Blood pressure = 141 mm Hg
TC2: Cholesterol = 200 mg/dl Blood pressure = 201 mm Hg
TC3: Cholesterol = 124 mg/dl Blood pressure = 201 mm Hg
TC4: Cholesterol = 109 mg/dl Blood pressure = 200 mm Hg
TC5: Cholesterol = 201 mg/dl Blood pressure = 140 mm Hg
What is the decision table coverage achieved by these test cases?

(D) 100%

Correct answer

(B) 60%

(C) 80%

(A) 40%

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.2.3
There are five columns in the decision table. Each test case covers one of them.
TC1 and TC2 both cover Rule 4 TC3 and TC4 both cover Rule 2 TC5 covers Rule 5 So, these five test
cases cover three out of five columns, achieving a coverage of (3/5)*100% = 60%.
Therefore, option (B) is the CORRECT option.

Câu hỏi 27 Đã bỏ qua

You work in a team that develops a mobile application for food ordering. In the current iteration the team
decided to implement the payment functionality.
Which of the following activities is a part of test analysis?
 (A) Estimating that testing the integration with the payment service will take 8 person-days

Correct answer

(B) Deciding that the team should test if it is possible to properly share payment between
many users

(C) Using boundary value analysis (BVA) to derive the test data for the test cases that
check the correct payment processing for the minimum allowed amount to be paid

(D) Analyzing the discrepancy between the actual result and expected result after
executing a test case that checks the process of payment with a credit card, and reporting
a defect

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.4.1
(A) is not correct. Estimating the test effort is part of test planning
(B) is correct. This is an example of defining test conditions which is a part of test analysis
(C) is not correct. Using test techniques to derive coverage items is a part of test design
(D) is not correct. Reporting defects found during dynamic testing is a part of test execution

Câu hỏi 28 Đã bỏ qua

Your team follows the process that uses the DevOps delivery pipeline. The first three steps of this process
are:
(1) Code development
(2) Submit code into a version control system and merge it into the “test” branch
(3) Perform component testing for the submitted code
Which of the following is BEST suited to be the entry criterion for step (2) of this pipeline?
 (D) Statement coverage is at least 80%

Correct answer

(A) Static analysis returns no high severity warnings for the submitted code

(B) System version control reports no conflicts when merging code into the “test” branch

(C) Component tests are compiled and ready to be executed

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.1.3
(A) Is correct. This is something that can (and should) be checked before the code is submitted to
version control
(B) Is not correct. This is something that can be checked after step (2) is performed, because merge
conflict reporting can be done after the code is submitted and merged
(C) Is not correct. This fits better as the entry criterion for step (3)
(D) Is not correct. This fits better as the exit criterion for step (3)

Câu hỏi 29 Đã bỏ qua

Your team uses planning poker to estimate the test effort for a newly required feature. There is a rule in your
team that if there is no time to reach full agreement and the variation in the results is small, applying rules
like “accept the number with the most votes” can be applied.
After two rounds, the consensus was not reached, so the third round was initiated. You can see the test
estimation results in the table below
 Which of the following is the BEST example of the next step?

Correct answer

(B) Accept 13 as the final test estimate as this has most of the votes

(D) Remove the new feature from the current release because consensus has not been
reached

(C) No further action is needed. Consensus has been reached

(A) The product owner has to step in and make a final decision

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.1.4
(A) is not correct. This should be a team activity and not overruled by one team member
(B) is correct. If test estimates are not the same, but the variation in the results is small, applying rules
like “accept the number with the most votes” can be applied
(C) is not correct. There is no consensus yet as some say 13, others say 8
(D) is not correct. A feature should not be removed only because the team cannot agree on the test
estimates

Câu hỏi 30 Đã bỏ qua

Which TWO of the following statements provide the BEST rationale for using exploratory testing?

(D) Testers are the members of an agile team and have good programming skills

(B) The existing test strategy requires that testers use formal, black-box test techniques

Correct selection

(E) Testers are experienced in the business domain and have good analytical skills

(C) The specification is written in a formal language that can be processed by a tool

Correct selection

(A) Testers have not been allocated enough time for test design and test execution

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.4.2
Exploratory testing is useful when there are few or inadequate specifications or there is significant time
pressure on the testing. Exploratory testing is also useful to complement other more formal test
techniques. Exploratory testing will be more effective if the tester is experienced, has domain
knowledge and has a high degree of essential skills, like analytical skills, curiosity and creativeness.
Thus:
(A) Is correct. Exploratory testing is useful when there are few or inadequate specifications or there is
significant time pressure on the testing
(B) Is not correct. Exploratory testing is not a black-box test technique
(C) Is not correct. Exploratory testing is useful when the specifications are poorly written
(D) Is not correct. Programming skills have nothing to do with exploratory testing in principle
(E) Is correct. Exploratory testing will be more effective if the tester is experienced, has domain
knowledge and has a high degree of essential skills, like analytical skills, curiosity and creativeness

Câu hỏi 31 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following statements about quality assurance (QA) and/or quality control (QC) is correct?

(A) QA is performed as part of testing

(C) Testing is another term for QC

(D) Testing is performed as part of QA

Correct answer

(B) Testing is performed as part of QC

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.2.2
(A) Is not correct. The statement ‘QA is performed as part of testing’ is incorrect because QA
concentrates on process improvement and implementation, using a preventive approach to avoid errors
and defects, while testing is a form of QC that is used to detect defects
(B) Is correct. The statement ‘Testing is performed as part of QC’ is correct because QC aims to
achieve appropriate levels of quality by focusing on identifying and correcting product defects. Testing
is a significant part of QC and helps to uncover these defects
(C) Is not correct. The statement ‘Testing is another term for QC’ is incorrect because although testing
is a significant part of QC and helps to uncover defects, other (non-testing) techniques utilized in QC
include formal methods like model checking and proof of correctness, as well as simulation and
prototyping
(D) Is not correct. The statement ‘Testing is performed as part of QA’ is incorrect because QA
concentrates on process improvement and implementation, using a preventive approach to avoid errors
and defects, while testing is a form of QC that is used to detect defects

Câu hỏi 32 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following BEST describes the way acceptance criteria can be documented?

Correct answer

(B) Using the given/when/then format to describe an example test condition related to a
given user story

(D) Documenting risks related to a given user story in a test plan to facilitate the risk-based
testing of a given user story

(C) Using verbal communication to reduce the risk of misunderstanding the acceptance
criteria by others

(A) Performing retrospectives to determine the actual needs of the stakeholders regarding
a given user story

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.5.2
(A) is not correct. Retrospectives are used to capture lessons learned and to improve the development
and testing process, not to document the acceptance criteria
(B) is correct. This is the standard way to document acceptance criteria
(C) is not correct. Verbal communication does not allow to physically document the acceptance criteria
as part of a user story ("card" aspect in the 3C's model)
(D) is not correct. Acceptance criteria are related to a user story, not a test plan. Also, acceptance
criteria are the conditions that have to be fulfilled to decide if the user story is complete. Risks are not
such conditions
Câu hỏi 33 Đã bỏ qua

Consider the following defect report for a Book Lending System.

Which of the following is MOST likely to help the developer reproduce the failure quickly?

Correct answer

(A) Adding information about which users and which books the issue affects to the
“Description” section

(D) Repeating the same test case for different environments and writing defect reports for
each
of them separately

(C) Adding memory dumps and database snapshots taken after each step described in the
“Steps to Reproduce” section to the “Attachments” section.

(B) Filling in the missing value for the “Priority” field

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.5.1
(A) Is correct. Adding this information allows the developer to use the same input data, so it is more
likely they will be able to reproduce the failure quickly and so identify the defect faster
(B) Is not correct. Adding the value of Priority will not help in reproducing the defect itself
(C) Is not correct. Although some of this information may be of value, adding the memory dumps and
database snapshots after each step will be too much, because most of these artefacts will contain
useless information for the developer, and make the report less readable. It will also require the
developer to spend a lot of time analyzing this information, which will lengthen the repair process
(D) Is not correct. The question was about helping the developer to reproduce the defect observed for a
specific environment configuration

Câu hỏi 34 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of a test plan?

(D) To explain why system integration testing will be excluded from testing, although the
test strategy requires this test level

Correct answer

(A) To define test data and expected results for component tests and component
integration
tests

(B) To define as exit criteria from the component test level that “100% statement coverage
and 100% branch coverage must be achieved”

(C) To describe what fields the test progress report shall contain and what should be the
form of this report

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.1.1
(A) Is correct. The test plan may include test data requirements (as part of the test approach), but not
the detailed test data for test cases. Test data is part of the test cases, not the test plan. Also, it is
usually impossible to define such data when the test plan is created, because it is not exactly known
what the components will look like
(B) Is not correct. One of the purposes of a test plan is to help ensure that the performed test activities
will meet the established criteria, by including entry criteria and exit criteria. The code coverage criteria
are an example of such criteria for the component test level
(C) Is not correct. Documentation templates are typical content of a test plan. This helps to facilitate
communication between the stakeholders by defining a standard way of communicating or reporting
(D) Is not correct. One of the purposes of a test plan is to demonstrate that testing will adhere to the
existing test policy and test strategy, or to explain why the testing will deviate from them. This is an
example of explaining the deviation, regarding the test levels that will be (or will not be) followed

Câu hỏi 35 Đã bỏ qua

You are testing a sort function that gets a set of numbers as input and returns the same set of numbers
sorted in ascending order. The log from the test execution looks as follows.

Which of the following provides the BEST description of the failure that can be used in a defect report?

Correct answer

(B) The system seems to disregard duplicates while sorting. Reference: TC3, TC4, TC5.

(D) TC3, TC4 and TC5 have defects (duplicate input data) and should be corrected.

(A) The system fails to sort several sets of numbers. Reference: TC3, TC4, TC5.

(C) The system fails to sort negative numbers. Reference: TC4, TC5.
Giải thích tổng thể
FL-5.5.1
(A) Is not correct. While the sentence is true, it does not provide much value for the developer
(B) Is correct. From the test results it seems that the system ignores duplicates and sorts the list
disregarding the repetitions. This is probably the cause of failures in TC3, TC4, TC5. Such information
may help the developer to find the defect and fix it more efficiently
(C) Is not correct. The system does not fail in sorting negative numbers. The problem is rather in
disregarding duplicates
(D) Is not correct. The test cases TC3, TC4 and TC5 fail, but we aren’t aware that the test cases have
any defects

Câu hỏi 36 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is MOST likely to be a trigger that leads to maintenance testing of a currency
exchange system?

Correct answer

(B) The refund option of the currency exchange system was removed as it did not always
repay the correct amount to customers

(A) The developers reported that changing the currency exchange system was difficult and
the testers decided to check if this was true

(D) The currency exchange system was reconfigured to support both English and local
language currency transactions

(C) The agile team has started developing a user story that adds a new customer loyalty
feature to the currency exchange system

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-2.3.1
(A) Is not correct. Assuming that testers could check the ease of changing the currency exchange
system then it would be done by maintainability testing rather than maintenance testing, so this is not a
trigger for maintenance testing
(B) Is correct. A system modification (such as a fix or enhancement) is an example of a trigger for
maintenance testing. The removal of the refund option of the currency exchange system was a fix that
would lead to maintenance testing
(C) Is not correct. If the agile team has started developing a user story that adds a new customer
loyalty feature to the currency exchange system, then this will result in them testing the new feature,
and then they would perform regression testing. No maintenance testing is required in this situation
(D) Is not correct. Reconfiguration of the currency exchange system to support both the local language
and English currency transactions is not a system modification, a change to the operational
environment, or a system retirement, which are the three triggers for maintenance testing

Câu hỏi 37 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following statements about branch testing is CORRECT?

(A) If a program includes only unconditional branches, then 100% branch coverage can be
achieved without executing any test cases

(C) If 100% statement coverage is achieved, then 100% branch coverage is also achieved

(B) If the test cases exercise all unconditional branches in the code, then 100% branch
coverage is achieved

Correct answer

(D) If 100% branch coverage is achieved, then all decision outcomes in each decision
statement in the code are exercised

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.3.2
(A) is not correct. In this case one test case is still needed since there is at least one (unconditional)
branch to be covered
(B) is not correct. Covering only unconditional branches does not imply covering all conditional
branches
(C) is not correct. 100% branch coverage implies 100% statement coverage, not otherwise. For
example, for an IF decision without the ELSE, one test is enough to achieve 100% statement coverage,
but it only achieves 50% branch coverage
(D) is correct. Each decision outcome corresponds to a conditional branch, so 100% branch coverage
implies 100% decision coverag

Câu hỏi 38 Đã bỏ qua

Your team uses the three-point estimation technique to estimate the test effort for a new high-risk feature.
The following estimates were made:
most optimistic estimation: 2 person-hours
most likely estimation: 11 person-hours
most pessimistic estimation: 14 person-hours
What is the final estimate?

Correct answer

(D) 10 person-hours

(B) 14 person-hours

(A) 9 person-hours

(C) 11 person-hours

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.1.4
In the three-point estimation technique
E = (optimistic + 4*most likely + pessimistic)/6, E = (2+(4*11)+14)/6 = 10.
 Câu hỏi 39 Đã bỏ qua

Which tool can be used by an agile team to show the amount of work that has been completed and the
amount of total work remaining for a given iteration?

(B) Defect report

(C) Test completion report

(A) Acceptance criteria

Correct answer

(D) Burndown chart

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.3.3
(A) is not correct. Acceptance criteria are the conditions used to decide whether the user story is ready.
They cannot show work progress
(B) is not correct. Defect reports inform about the defects. They do not show work progress
(C) is not correct. Test completion report can be created after the iteration is finished, so it will not show
the progress continuously within an iteration
(D) is correct. Burndown charts are a graphical representation of work left to do versus time remaining.
They are updated daily, so they can continuously show the work progress

Câu hỏi 40 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is a factor that contributes to a successful review?

(A) Ensure management participate as reviewers

 (D) Plan to cover one document per review

(C) Set reviewer evaluation as an objective

Correct answer

(B) Split large work products into smaller parts

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-3.2.5
(A) Is not correct. To ensure successful reviews, it's important to secure management's support for the
review process, however that does not mean that they should participate as reviewers
(B) Is correct. To ensure successful reviews, it's important to break the work product into parts that are
small enough to be reviewed in a reasonable timescale to prevent reviewers from losing focus during
individual review or review meetings
(C) Is not correct. To ensure successful reviews, it's important to clearly define objectives and
measurable exit criteria, without evaluating participants
(D) Is not correct. To ensure successful reviews, it's important to break down the review into smaller
chunks to prevent reviewers from losing focus during individual review or review meetings. So you
should not plan to cover one document per review