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7 views6 pages

CN Answer Key

Uploaded by

sangeetha manjula
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© © All Rights Reserved
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DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

III BCA COMPUTER NETWORKS


INTERNAL EXAMINATION – ANSWER KEY
Section - A
I Answer any Two Questions. Each carry Two marks
1. What is Data Communication?
Data communication refers to the exchange of data between a source and a Designation
via form of transmission media such as a wire cable or wireless.

2. Classify the types of networks

• Personal Area Network (PAN)


• Local Area Network (LAN)
• Wireless Local Area Network(WLAN)
• Campus Area Network (CAN)
• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
• Wide Area Network (WAN)
• Storage Area Network (SAN)
3. Define Line Discipline
• Line Discipline is a functionality of the Data link layer that provides the coordination among the
link systems. It determines which device can send, and when it can send the data.
Section - B
II Answer any Two Questions. Each carry Five marks
4. Explain Guided transmission media
In this transmission medium, the physical link is created using wires or cables between
two or more computers or devices, and then the data is transmitted using these cables in terms of
signals.
1. Twisted pair cable: two identical wires are wrapped together in a double spiral. The twisting of
the wire reduces the crosstalk. 2 types
It is used in computers and electronic equipment is in heavy use telephones widely
2. Coaxial Cable:It consists of a solid wire core that is surrounded by one or more foil or wire
shields. Used in set- up box
3. Optical fibers: Optical fiber is an important technology. It transmits large amounts of data at
very high speeds due to which it is widely used in internet cables.

5. Define Framing and explain the types of framing

• The data link layer encapsulates the packets from the network layer into frame
• The framing in the data link layer separates a message from one source to a destination or
from other messages to other destinations just by adding a sender address and destination
address.
• The destination address where the packet has to go and the sender address helps the recipient to
acknowledge.
• By using frames the data can be easily get broken up into recoverable chunks and in order to
check the corruption in transmission, these chunks can be checked easily.

2 types of Frames are fixed-size and variable size


• The fixed-size framing, there is no need for defining the boundaries of the frame. The size or
length of the frame itself can be used as a delimiter.
Variable-size framing
• In Variable-size framing, the size of each frame is different. Thus there is a need of the way in
order to define the end of the frame and the beginning of the next.

6. Compare TCP/IP and OSI network


Section - C
III Answer any Two Questions. Each carry Eight marks
7. Explain the OSI Model in networking with neat diagram
• OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection. It has been developed by ISO – ‘International
Organization for Standardization‘, in the year 1984.
• It is a 7 layer architecture with each layer having specific functionality to perform. All these 7
layers work collaboratively to transmit the data from one person to another across the globe.

8. Define Transmission impairment? Explain the types


• Transmission impairment occurs when the received signal
is different from the transmitted signal.
• A signal can be transmitted as Analog signal or it can be transmitted as a digital signal.
• Consequences – for analog (Degrades of signal quality) - for digital signal (bit error)

Attenuation – It refers to loss of energy by signal time


• The strength of signal decreases with increasing distance which causes loss of energy in
overcoming resistance of medium.
• Amplifiers are used to amplify the attenuated signal which gives the original signal back and
compensate for this loss.
Distortion – It means changes it’s the form or shape of the signal. Each frequency component has its
own propagation speed traveling through a medium. And that’s why it a delay in arriving at the final
destination
• Every component arrives at a different time which leads to distortion. Therefore, they have
different phases at receiver end from what they had at senders end.
Noise – The random or unwanted signal that mixes up with the original signal is called noise.
There are several types of noise which may corrupt the
signal.

• Induced noise comes from sources such as motors and appliances. These devices act as sending
antenna and transmission medium act as receiving antenna.
• Thermal noise is movement of electrons in wire which creates an extra signal.
• Crosstalk noise is when one wire affects the other wire.
• Impulse noise is a signal with high energy that comes from lightning or power lines

9. Explain the 3 functions of Data Link layer with diagram


• Data Link Control is the service provided by the Data Link Layer to provide
reliable data transfer over the physical medium.

Line Discipline
• Line Discipline is a functionality of the Data link layer that provides the coordination
among the link systems. It determines which device can send, and when it can send the
data.
Line Discipline can be achieved in two ways:
• ENQ/ACK (Enquiry/Acknowledgement)
• Poll/select
Flow Control
• It is a set of procedures that tells the sender how much data it can transmit before the data
overwhelms the receiver.
• Two methods have been developed to control the flow of data:
• Stop-and-wait
• Sliding window
Error
A condition when the receiver’s information does not match with the sender’s
information.
• During transmission, digital signals suffer from noise that can introduce errors in the
binary bits travelling from sender to receiver. That means a 0 bit may change to 1 or a 1
bit may change to 0.
Types of Errors
• Single bit error − In the received frame, only one bit has been corrupted, i.e. either
changed from 0 to 1 or from 1 to 0.
• Multiple bits error − In the received frame, more than one bits are corrupted
• Burst error − In the received frame, more than one consecutive bits are corrupted.

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