Cubyertos de Kawayan

P-ISSN: 0119-3058
E-ISSN: 2945-4093
The Vector: International Journal of Emerging Science, Technology and Management

Volume 32, Issue 3, January - December 2023
Cubyertos de Kawayan
Shean M. Condino , Fraulein Claire G. Ronquillo2, Michelle M. Pacpaco3
1
1College of Business Administration and Accountancy/University of Northern Philippines, Philippines
2 College of Business Administration and Accountancy/University of Northern Philippines, Philippines
3 College of Business Administration and Accountancy/University of Northern Philippines, Philippines
[email protected] 1
[email protected] 2
[email protected] 3
ABSTRACT
The study aimed to determine the acceptability of bamboo cutlery products, primarily
tableware to lessen the use of plastic cutleries and to be the most sought – after store offering
eco -friendly and sustainable products by assisting in the elimination of single – use plastic waste
while making a meaningful impact on the lives of the people in the Province of Ilocos Sur. The
objective of the study is to promote the usage of eco-friendly products as a replacement for
plastic cutleries, it serves as a contributor to the action needed by the government in combat
with environmental destruction and for environmental protection, and to preserve the culture of
Ilokanos in using wooden or bamboo cutleries. Alongside the personal factors of the
respondents, the extent of knowledge of the residents of Ilocos Sur in relation to bamboo
products was also identified in relation to how feasible the bamboo cutlery once established. The
study utilized the simple random sampling technique to determine the sample size of the
respondents which utilizes frequency and percentage to determine the profile, familiarity, and
marketability of bamboo products. The result showed a great familiarity of bamboo products
wherein the respondents stated their keen interest of such products. There is a “High” possibility
of feasibility of the Cubyertos de Kawayan will be established.
Keywords: Bamboo Cutlery, Environmental Protection, Sustainability, Pollution,

Feasibility
INTRODUCTION
Plastic waste has been a problem for almost decades and it is also considered
a global problem. It has numerous notable negative effects, including the
environmental pollution brought by plastic cutleries. (Alabi OA, Ologbonjaye KI,
Awosolu O, Alalade OE, 2019). Indeed, people simply can’t cope with the amount of
plastic on planet — nor the amount that continues to be produced. For this reason,
everyone’s attitudes and behaviors towards plastic must change to ensure a safe and
healthy future for the planet.
Numerous innovations have been made, in pre-pandemic times, and one of

these is the popularization of wooden cutleries. Single-use plastic cutlery has especially
become easily disposable leading to plastic pollution and environmental degradation.
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Shean M. Condino, Fraulein Claire G. Ronquillo, Michelle M. Pacpaco
With this alarming increase in carbon footprint and plastic menace, going green is the
best solution to help the earth recover.
Wooden cutlery arose as a result of the immediate necessity for a green

revolution. These cutleries are well-known in Manila, the Philippines' capital and the
researchers would like to bring them to the far-flung province of Ilocos Sur. According
to Earth911 (2019), these utensils are a compostable and environmentally friendly
alternative to plastic, making them a far better choice for environmentally conscious
consumers. The researchers intend to use bamboo as the primary raw material to
create cutlery that is both durable and environmentally beneficial.
With the aim of spreading awareness and familiarity with bamboo cutlery,
there is a need to push through an assessment entitled “Cubyertos de Kawayan”, to
know if bamboo cutlery will be feasible enough here in Ilocos Sur. Cubyertos de
Kawayan seeks to create the best products for the customers. This is not only a venue
for the green movement but also to revive the long-gone culture and preserve the value
of being an Ilokano.
Cubyertos de Kawayan is a local business venture that offers sustainable

bamboo products, primarily tableware which is made up of bamboo products to lessen
the use of plastic cutleries. It will be located at Bayubay Norte, San Vicente, Ilocos Sur
which is known to be the home of craftsmen in the north. This is an opportunity to
create tableware with an aesthetic look and something unique that is not usually seen
in the area.
It aims to be the most sought-after store offering eco-friendly and sustainable

products by assisting in the elimination of single-use plastic waste from the world while
making a meaningful impact on the lives of the people.
Cubyertos de Kawayan will offer the best products, assuring complete

customer and stakeholder satisfaction. One of its objectives is to open further branches
in Luzon, where the necessary materials are available, as well as to export the products
to various nations for greater production. The company hopes to grow to a few
locations to spread the message of rapid action against plastic waste.
This study was conducted to examine the viability of the proposed project. This
business venture is not well-liked in the neighborhood, and the researchers are unsure
about its chances of success. This study highlighted critical strategies for establishing
and growing their brand so that they can advertise their items and outperform
competitors. As a result, it is necessary to perform this research on how to run the
organization, particularly in terms of marketing strategy and risk and return. The study
was conducted in order to take part in the action of the government towards
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environmental protection and preservation. To address this certain concern, the

viability and feasibility of establishing bamboo cutlery product has been enforced. The
study promotes cultural preservation of the Ilokanos using wooden utensils in their
everyday lives.
With the uncertainty of the public replacing their traditional tableware with
eco-friendly ones, adding the fact that it is not yet fully known by some, qualities and
reasons why they should dive into wooden tableware should be highlighted. Therefore,
it is important for marketers to understand which factors will contribute to the total
success of the business. Hence, through this study, marketers will have a wider
perspective on how to introduce a new way of eating in a greener way in order to create
strategies that will help them convince the public.
METHODOLOGY
This section presents the research design and sample, data gathering
instrument, data gathering procedure, and statistical tool used in this study.
Research Design. The study utilized a descriptive quantitative method of

research having the main objective of generating the feasibility of the bamboo cutlery
products. Furthermore, it utilized the data gathered and the process of production of
bamboo cutlery products in creating a projected Capital Cost.
The study also used Documentary Analysis as a tool to compute the
marketability and profitability of the product based on the data that has been gathered.
Population and Sample. In identifying the needed respondents, the data of

population ranging from 18 years old to 60 years old were forecasted by the Philippine
Statistics Authority. Random sampling was incorporated considering the total
population of respondents. The survey is completed online. A Google form link was
created and distributed to random people. The figures below depict the demographic
profiles and preferences of the customers as revealed by the questionnaires they
completed.
Table 1.
Distribution of Respondents
Respondents
Population (N) Sample (n)
386,511 258
Data Gathering Instruments. The principal device used by the researchers to

collect the data was a survey questionnaire to gather information about the personal
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factors, the extent of knowledge of the respondents in relation to bamboo products,

and how feasible are bamboo cutlery products as perceived by the respondents.
The study made use of a questionnaire that is composed of two parts. Part I
contains the profile of the respondents and Part II contains the awareness of the
respondents on their knowledge about bamboo products and the feasibility of bamboo
cutlery products.
Data Gathering Procedure. The researchers made use of a consent form upon
approval of the Dean; the researcher immediately floated the questionnaire through
the utilization of Google Docs. The data gathered was statistically treated and analyzed.
Statistical Treatment of Data. To attain the objectives set for this study, the
following statistical tools were used to treat the data that was gathered. Frequency and
percentage to describe the profile of the respondents and their extent of knowledge
regarding bamboo products alongside it’s with the feasibility.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Problem 1. Profile of the Respondents
Table 2
Profile of the Respondents
F %
Age
18 years old -25 years old 234 90.70
Total 258 100.00
Address
Bantay 60 23.26
Vigan City 47 18.22
Sta. Catalina 18 6.98
Caoayan 14 5.43
San Juan 14 5.43
Candon 13 5.04
San Vicente 13 5.04
Sinait 13 5.04
Cabugao 10 3.88
San Ildefonso 9 3.49
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Sto. Domingo 9 3.49

Sta. Cruz 7 2.71
Sta. Maria 7 2.71
Narvacan 5 1.94
Santa 4 1.55
Tagudin 4 1.55
Nagbukel 2 1.16
Suyo 2 0.78
Banayoyo 1 0.39
Burgos 1 0.39
Galimuyod 1 0.39
Magsingal 1 0.39
Santiago 1 0.39
San Esteban 1 0.39
Sta. Lucia 1 0.39
Total 258 100.00
Employment Status
Students 219 84.88
Professional 17 6.59
Non-Worker 9 3.49
Others (Self Employed,
Swimming Pool Cleaner,
Brgy. Kagawad, OFW, 8 3.10
Caretaker, Private
Worker, Employee)
Environmental 5 1.94
Enthusiast
Total 258 100.00
Table 2 shows the profile of the respondents of the feasibility study.
On age. Most of the respondents (90.70% or 234) are between the ages of 18
and 25, while the least (0.39% or 1) falls under the age bracket of 58 to 60. The data
means that most of the respondents are younger people. With the presented data it
reflects that most of the respondents who usually buys or purchases items are of
younger generations. Younger generations tend to purchase things in a speedy action.
On address. A great number of the respondents (23.26% or 60) are from

Bantay. One (0.39% or 1) is from the municipalities of Banayoyo, Burgos, Galimuyod,
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Magsingal, Santiago, San Esteban and Sta. Lucia. With the given data, it shows that we
reached 25 out of 34 municipalities and cities here in the province. The presentation
reflects that the possible market of the proposed business is around Metro Vigan such
as Bantay, a nearby town to San Vicente. Upland municipalities’ curiosity is in the rise
as we introduced the product in the province.
On employment status. A great majority of the respondents (84.88% or 219)

are students while the least (1.94% or 5) of the respondents are environmental
enthusiasts. Students make up a significant portion of the customer base. They typically
dominate commercial establishments such as malls, restaurants, and boutiques.
Problem 2. The Extent of knowledge of the respondents in relation to bamboo

products
Table 3
The Extent of knowledge of the respondents in relation to bamboo products
f %
Usage of bamboo products
Yes 254 98.45
No 4 1.55
Total 258 100.00
Familiarity of bamboo products
Furniture 238 92.25
Instruments 193 74.81
Kitchen Utensils 185 71.71
Flooring 126 48.84
School Supplies 81 31.40
Bamboo Infused Makeup 51 19.77
Products
Others:
Toothbrush 1 0.39
Bamboo Palace 1 0.39
Bamboo houses and 1 0.39
Bridges
Straws 1 0.39
Bicycle Frames 1 0.39
Total 258 100.00
Familiarity with Bamboo Cutleries
Yes 174 67.44
No 84 32.56
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Total 258 100.00

Usage of Bamboo Cutleries
Yes 181 70.16
No 77 29.84
Total 258 100.00
Table 3 shows the Extent of knowledge of the respondents in relation to

bamboo products.
On usage of bamboo products. Almost all of the respondents (98.45% or 254)

are familiar and are using bamboo products while 1.55% (4 out of 258) are not familiar.
People are gradually becoming aware of the presence of bamboo products. With the
data gathered, the researchers are slowly getting the population that we need to help
the environment by being well-informed about eco-friendly products. As per Bamboo
Instruments (n.d.) it is part of the Filipino’s daily way of living. Due to its abundance,
availability, and low cost, it considered the practical choice for material to use on
building various things.
On familiarity of bamboo products. For those who were aware, most of the
respondents (92.25% or 238) were familiar with bamboo-made Furniture. Also, bicycle
frames are familiar to (1.16% or 3) respondents. From the respondents who are familiar
with bamboo products, bamboo made furniture is the most famous. This only proves
that back then, Filipinos are using bamboo products in the midst of popularity of plastic
things.
On familiarity with Bamboo Cutleries. Majority of respondents (174 or 67.44%)
are familiar with bamboo products while (32.56% or 84) are not familiar. With this, it is
safe to say that some are aware of bamboo cutlery because to a low exposure here in
the province. Since Filipino households have introduced the use of plastics and metal
utensils, the fear of shifting to greener way of eating has been heightened. Yet still, the
result generated a higher percentage of respondents being aware of bamboo cutleries.
On usage of Bamboo Cutleries. A great number of respondents (18 or 70.16%)
have tried or used bamboo cutlery while (77 or 29.84%) are haven’t tried to use
bamboo cutlery. With this, some respondents were using bamboo cutleries but are not
familiar with the right term associated with what they have used. In connection with
the familiarity of bamboo cutleries the percentage of familiarity to usage rise up from
67.44% to 70.16%. With this, it is safe to say that some people have used bamboo
cutleries but not well aware that they have been using bamboo cutleries all this time.
Afterall, due to low familiarity, Filipinos have a hard time to know that such products
exist.
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Problem 3. The Marketability of Bamboo Cutlery
Table 4
The Marketability of Bamboo Cutlery
f %
Deciding factor on buying bamboo cutleries
Durability 174 67.44
Price 49 18.99
Aesthetics 30 11.63
Others:
Eco-friendly 3 1.16
The Design and Tagline 1 0.39
Function 1 1.16
Total 258 100.00
Volume of Purchase
Per set 167 64.73
One by one 91 35.27
Total 258 100.00
Price Range
Php 100.00 – Php 150.00 138 53.49
Php 151.00 – Php 200.00 75 29.07
Php 201.00 – Php 250.00 19 7.36
Php 251.00 and up 26 10.08
Total 258 100.00
Willingness to visit the store
Yes 255 98.84
No 3 1.16
Total 258 100.00
Sustainability on buying the product
Yes 249 96.51
No 9 3.49
Total 258 100.00
Recommendation to other people
Yes 257 99.61
No 1 0.39
Total 258 100.00
Table 4 shows the feasibility of bamboo cutlery products as perceived by the

respondents.
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On deciding factor on buying bamboo cutleries. Some people differ in opinions

as to why they purchase a certain thing. Majority of the respondents (67.44% or 174)
considers the durability of the products. Factors such as Functions and Tagline share
the same weight (0.39% or 1). Obviously, a product's physical durability provides
numerous direct practical benefits to its end consumers. According to the results, the
most important factor to consider when purchasing items is durability. After all, the
longer a single product lasts, the more time it has for the environment to recover the
materials used to make it.
Volume of Purchase. Majority of the respondents (64.73% or 258) are willing

to buy our bamboo cutlery by set while a great percentage of the respondents (35.27%
or 91) are for individual purchase. With this, some respondents are to buy per set in
order to save up a little amount of money rather than buying them separately. Most
people choose to buy things in set to be cost effective. Buying things individually will
cost a lot when compared in buying those things in set.
Price Range. Majority of the respondents (53.49% or 138) wants to buy the
product with a price amounting to Php 100.00-Php 150.00. While a great percentage of
the respondents (7.36% or 19) will buy at Php 201.00-Php 250.00. This reflects the fact
that the majority of respondents wants a lower price for the cutlery. The pricing with
the highest percentage is the cheapest, because most consumers choose to buy items
at a lower cost while maintaining high quality. Remember that being cheap nearly
usually means having a higher appreciation for money and goods.
On willingness to visit the store. The physical store will be built alongside with
the online operation of the business. Almost all of the respondents (98.84% or 255)
wanted to visit our physical store while a great number of the respondents (1.16% or
3) will not. This implies that people are looking forward to visit the place. Having a
glimpse of the actual product will give them a wider perspective unto how the products
contribute to the total healing and protection of the environment.
On sustainability on buying the product. Most of the respondents (96.51% or

249) are willing to buy the products while a great number of respondents (3.49% or 9)
abstain from buying. Somehow, the figure shows that 96% of the respondents are pro-
environmental protection. Luckily, the gathered data reflects how a certain people sees
environmental protection as an urgent call to everyone. By purchasing things, people’s
micro efforts will result to a macro effect in the environment. Bamboo cutlery is an
environmentally sustainable and rapidly renewable material. When thrown away,
bamboo utensils will degrade naturally, transforming into nutrient-rich soil and helping
other plants to grow (Mitrovic, 2018).
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On recommending to other people. The figure shows the willingness of the

respondents to recommend the products to other people. Almost all of the respondents
(99.61% or 257) are willing to recommend. Somehow, there is a lone person who isn’t
willing to recommend it (0.39% or 1). Recommendations are being regarded as a new
key measure of determining whether or not products, services and business are
successful. As a result, there is a greater probability of touching the life of every
individual across the country in order to achieve the common good.
Problem 4. Product capital cost in putting up cutleries made of bamboo products
The business partners will share Php 26,834.00 each to produce the start-up
capital amounting of Php 161,000.00. The amount stated will be used for the
procurement of raw materials, machineries, tools, equipment, furniture and fixtures
and other necessary documents needed for the operation of the
Starting a business may be an exciting process, but it costs money. When
determining business startup costs, it’s important to be realistic (Caramela, 2022).
Moreover Kriss (2020) added that the cost of starting a small business depends on the
type and size of the business you’re opening and your industry. As per Cubyertos de
Kawayan, below is the business startup cost to be used within the first three months of
operation.
Table 5
Projected Cost
Start Up Cost
EXPENSES
Advertising Expenses 5,000.01
Comm., light and water 7,050.00
Delivery Expense 900.00
Office supplies 1,722.75
Salaries and wages 15,000.00
Miscellaneous Expense 450.00
Rental 18,000.00
Taxes and licenses 2,000.00
Packaging Materials 16,974.24
Total 67,097.00
To further understand the distribution of start up cost in relation with the start
up capital, presented below is the beginning total asset of the business.
Table 6
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Needed Assets
ASSETS
Leasehold Improvement 1,200.00
Production Equipment 11,203.00
Furniture and Fixtures 8,000.00
Raw Materials 43,500.00
Total 63,903.00
Cash 30,000.00
Total Assets 93,903.00
Before opening the business, one must acquire machineries, tools and
equipment as per preparation in producing its products. Presented above are the actual
amount of the assets acquired before the operation. The total assets of the business
amounts to Php 63,903.00. As per the petty cash fund amounting to Php 30,000.00, it
will be used when unforeseeable events will happen. This petty cash fund will be
regarded as an emergency fund.
In total, the start up cost amounting to Php 161,000.00 was being held in
purchasing machineries, tools and equipments needed for the operation of the
business. To further understand the allocation of funds, below is the simplified
computation of start up cost.
Table 7
Start Up Capital Allocation
Start Up Capital 161,000.00
Total Expenses 67,097.00
Total Assets 93,903.00
Total 161,000.00
SUMMARY
This study aimed to determine the feasibility of bamboo cutlery in the province
of Ilocos Sur. Alongside with personal factors being determined by the researchers, the
extent of knowledge of the respondents in relation to bamboo products was also
examined in relation to how feasible the bamboo cutlery would be when established.
The respondents were all native of Ilocos Sur whose age were from 18 years old
to 60 years old. Random Sampling was employed in identifying the total respondents
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for the study. Personal related factors were limited to age, address and employment
status.
The researchers made use of a consent form upon approval of the dean; the
researcher immediately floated the questionnaire through the utilization of Google
Docs. The relevant gathered data in the study was limited to what is measured by the
questionnaire which are constructed by the researchers themselves and some of the
items were adopted form several sources. The results depict the demographic profiles
and preferences of the customers as revealed by the questionnaires they completed.
The following statistical tools that were used in the analysis of feasibility of the
proposed business is frequency and percentage.
CONCLUSIONS
From the foregoing findings, the following conclusions were drawn:
1. On personal factors, the respondents are mostly between the ages 18-25, a
great number are from Bantay and a great majority are students.
2. On the extent of knowledge of the respondents in relation to bamboo products,
the results from the respondents have a remarkable meaning into the
achievement of goals where major widespread of information for familiarity
with bamboo products is needed. The plastic menace has been a problem for
decades. Due to the unexpected rise of Covid-19 risks, people are being
instructed to use disposal masks rather than recyclable ones. As per this
observation, people are immersed in utilizing bamboo cutlery in the current
day where environmental conservation is being prioritized. Familiarity is
important in achieving the common good where global solidarity is required to
combat the ever-changing effects of the plastic menace.
3. On the feasibility of bamboo cutlery products as perceived by the respondents,
the result shows that there is a high possibility of viability and feasibility when
Cubyertos de Kawayan will be established. Social Responsibility is still a need to
help the community around you. It is to help your community and the
environment, as well as to promote the common good for all well-being. The
goal of the proposed business will be attainable in no time resulting to
meaningful change.
4. Before opening the business, one must acquire machineries, tools and
equipment as per preparation in producing its products. In total, the start up
cost amounting to Php 161,000.00 was being held in purchasing machineries,
tools and equipments needed for the operation of the business.
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the conclusion drawn, the following recommendations are forwarded

for consideration:
1. Sustainability is becoming more and more important nowadays. It is suggested
that business should convert into green energy in order to influence more
people to use eco-friendly products and minimize the use of plastic-made
things. As to this thing, when not properly disposed, will contribute to worst
plastic pollution scenario.
2. To fully help the environment recover from destruction, mutual effort from
everyone is needed. By simply patronizing eco-friendly products, our simple
steps will result in a bigger effect on the environment. Usage is not enough,
consistency is needed. Consistency results in sustainability.
3. As Miss Earth 2015, Angelia Ong, “All things are possible and feasible if we work
together”. New ideas bloom from curious minds, let us be open in trying new
things. Who knows, that idea will be a great help in the future. Do not hesitate
to make a move when it is for the common good. With community involvement,
environmental protection and preservation can be attained in no time.
4. Innovation of bamboo products, most especially the bamboo cutleries, should
be incorporated. In order not to be outpowered by future innovations from
existing business, businesses should give another flavor another touch to make
the products appealing and have an edge to other competitors.
5. Start-up cost really needs a higher amount since the beginning of the business
is the most crucial part of operation. Machineries, tools and equipment must
be acquired completely to have a better production process. As to the needed
funds, businesses should focus on passive income activities before opening up
a business to have sufficient fundings pre-operations. If not sufficient, business
owners can apply for loans.
6. For future researchers, a conduct of the study should be made and further
improve the projected capital cost.
ETHICAL STATEMENT
The study underwent an ethics review. The researcher applied the ethical
guidelines of business research throughout the whole process of data gathering,
analysis and presentation. Permission for the conduct of the study was obtained from
the University of Northern Philippines. Full consent of the respondents was sought thru
a letter of consent. The objectives of the research were explained to the respondents
who would then decide on whether they want to participate or not.
The dignity, rights, safety and well – being of the respondents were given
primary consideration. The protection of the privacy of research participants and an
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adequate level of confidentiality of the research data will be ensured. The anonymity
of individuals will be maintained and any type of communication in relation to the study
will be done with honesty and transparency. The name of the participants in the survey
was coded with numbers. Strict confidentiality was used when treating data from
individual respondents and the results were presented which consist of aggregate data
that will not lead to the identification of participants. They could opt out of the study
anytime. Data was kept secure and only accessed by the researchers.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
For the successful completion of this work, the researchers extend their
sincerest appreciation and deep gratitude to the following for their assistance,
contribution and support:
Dr. Erwin F. Cadorna, President, University of Northern Philippines, for allowing
them to conduct this study in the University of Northern Philippines and for being an
inspiration to the researchers to finish this study.
Dr. Gilbert P. Valdez Jr., the OIC - Dean of the College of Business
Administration and Accountancy, for giving them the opportunity to conduct this study
that has led to their development.
Dr. Nathalie P. Almero, the Assistant Dean of the College of Business
Administration and Accountancy for his unending support and effort in giving the
researchers clear insights to improve this study.
Dr. Erwin T. Tolbe, the former Dean of the College of Business Administration
and Accountancy for his unending support and effort in recommending advices for the
betterment of the study.
Prof. Corazon B. Urbis, the former Program Head of the Financial Management
for her unending support and effort in giving the researchers motivation in completing
the study.
Dr. Ace A. Ferrer, the Program Head of the Financial Management for his
invaluable effort and guidance for the successful completion of this study.
Mr. Kevin Mel R. Pacpaco, a faculty of the College of Criminal Justice Education,
this study may not be possible without the unwavering guidance and support the
researchers received from him throughout the conduct of the study and as well as her
patience in reviewing the manuscript.
The researchers give thanks to Jewel Janine I. Dinong, Jhunel Victor B. Pisalbo,
Patricia Anne A. Plete, Annel Jessel A. Quitoriano, and Angelica B. Rabang for their
unconditional understanding and for sharing their wisdom that inspire them to push
beyond their limits as well as giving their spiritual and moral support spent their time
and consumed a lot of effort to help them.
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Above all, the researchers give their sincerest gratitude to the Almighty God,
who is the source of knowledge, wisdom, strength, and enlightenment and who gave
His humble touch to accomplish this study.
To all of you, a million thanks for the success of this study.
May God reward you!
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P-ISSN: 0119-3058

The Vector: International Journal of Emerging Science, Technology and Management

Keywords: Bamboo Cutlery, Environmental Protection, Sustainability, Pollution,

Numerous innovations have been made, in pre-pandemic times, and one of

Wooden cutlery arose as a result of the immediate necessity for a green