Abstract :

(Air pollution is one of environmental issues that cannot be ignored. Industrial growth and
urbanization results in the air pollutants concentrations in many areas. These pollutants can
cause damages in human health and other living organisms. The available pollutant emission
monitoring systems, such as Opsis, Codel, Urac and TAS-Air metrics are typically expensive.
In addition, these systems have limitations to be installed on chimney due to their principle
of operation. This causes other areas surrounding the factories being unmonitored and
hence cause healthy issues. This report proposes an industrial air pollution monitoring
system based the Air Quality is measured and viewed in a real-time value and send alert
when the air quality goes down beyond a certain level. The proposed system has various
applications like in industry where the pollution levels check of dangerous gasses is
paramount. Further pollution information is used to alert the workers about the air quality
in their surroundings are not good for health.)

on the technology of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This system is integrated with the
global system for mobile communications (GSM.The system consists of sensor nodes, a
control center and data base through which sensing data can be stored for history and
future plans.

The proposed system can be deployed to the industries for monitoring carbon monoxide
(CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and dust concentration caused by industrial emissions due to
process.

(‫ )مع التعريف اهميته‬Air pollution is one of the pollutions that release harmful chemicals ,The
level of pollution has increased with times by lot of factors like the increase in population,
increased vehicle use, industrialization and urbanization which results in harmful effects on
human wellbeing by directly affecting health of population exposed to it

(‫)الهدف‬In IOT Based Air Pollution Monitoring System the Air Quality is measured and viewed
in a real-time value and send alert when the air quality goes down beyond a certain level,

(‫)تطبيقاته‬The proposed system has various applications like in industry where the pollution
levels check of dangerous gasses is paramount. Further pollution information is used to alert
the workers about the air quality in their surroundings are not good for health.

.This project involved both hardware and software developments, in which hardware
development includes the Arduino Uno, Carbon Monoxide (MQ 7), smoke/gas (MQ
135,MQ2) sensors, Fan and LCD display.

means when there are sufficient amount of harmful gases are present in the air like CO2,
smoke ,alcohol, benzene and NH3.It will show the air quality on the LCD and can also trigger
some device when pollution goes beyond some level, like it can switch on the Exhaust fan or
can send alert .

INTRODUCTION:
(With the fast development of the industrialization and urbanization process in the world,
environmental pollution is now a common problem in most of the countries. Environmental
pollution includes; air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution. Air pollution can be
defined as the presence of contaminants or pollutant substances in the air that interfere
with human health or welfare, or produce other harmful environmental effects.

To overcome this problem, proposed SYSTEM is one step forward towards the environment
and pollution levels around the manufacturing industries needs to be monitored efficiently,
reliably and accurately.

The main objective of this study is to develop a low-cost smart environment monitoring
system for air pollution using Internet of Things (IoT). This report is organized into four (4)
parts. Section II briefly describe the methodology used in this work, meanwhile Section III
presents the detailed explanation of its results and discussion. At the end of this report, the
development of this system is being concluded.

Air pollution is the biggest problem of every nation, whether it is developed or developing.
Health problems are growing at faster rate especially in urban areas of developing countries
where industrialization and growing number of vehicles leads to release of lot of gaseous
pollutants. Harmful effects of pollution include mild allergic reactions such as irritation of the
throat, eyes and nose as well as some serious problems like bronchitis, heart diseases,
pneumonia, lung and aggravated asthma. According to a survey, Due to air pollution 50,000
to 100,000 premature deaths per year occur in the U.S. alone whereas in EU number reaches
to 300,000 and over 3,000,000 worldwide. Various kinds of anthropogenic emissions named
as primary pollutants are pumped into the atmosphere that undergoes chemical reaction
and further leads to the formation of new pollutants normally called as secondary
pollutants. For instance according to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change(IPCC),nearly all climate-altering pollutants either directly or
indirectly(by contributing to secondary pollutants in the atmosphere) are responsible for
health problems.Almost every citizen spends 90% of their time in indoor air. Outdoor air
quality of the cities of developed countries improved considerably in recent decades. In
contrast to this, indoor air quality degraded during this same period because of many factors
like reduced ventilation, energy conservation and the introduction to new sources and new
materials that cause indoor pollution. The design of buildings for lower power consumption
resulted in decrease of ventilation which further decreases the quality of air inside the
building. This increases the need for indoor air quality (IAQ) monitoring Due to this fact and
use of new building materials, IAQ often reaches to unacceptable levels

Particular attention is given to factors which can affect human health and the health of the
natural system. The main objective of IOT Air pollution Monitoring System is to monitor
pollution levels, that is major issue these days. It's necessary to watch air quality and keep it
in check for a far better future and healthy living for all. Due to flexibility and low-cost
Internet of things (IoT) is getting popular day by day
METHODLOGY

1-Requirement Planning:

It is important to determine the needs of the study before doing the system. These
needs include the establishment of the problem statement, objectives, data and functional
requirements and identification of hardware and software used in the implementation.
Figure 2 shows the general architecture of this proposed .)
2- Data Requirement

The proposed air pollution monitoring is based on the block diagram as shown in Fig.1 the
data of air is recognised by sensors. The MQ135 sensor can sense NH3, NOx, alcohol,
Benzene , CO2. The MQ2 sensor can detecting of LPG, i-butane, propane, methane ,
Hydrogen, smoke .The MQ7 sensor can sense carbon monoxide (CO). So they are dynamic
gas sensors for our Air pollution Monitoring system. When we will connect them to Arduino
then they will sense all gases, By monitoring harmful gases present in the air surrounding the
system it also checks high pollution rate and compare it with standard levels and when
quality goes down beyond a certain level it sends notification to human that it's not safe.
means when there are sufficient amount of harmful gases are present in the air like CO2,
smoke ,CO,alcohol, benzene and NH3.It will sends notification (SMS message) and show the
air quality on the LCD and can also trigger some device operated to purify the air , such as
switch on the Exhaust fan.

(There are three sensors attached to the Arduino Uno R3, which are MQ135 sensor can
sense [NH3, NOx, alcohol, Benzene , CO2], MQ2 sensor can detecting of [LPG, i-butane,
propane, methane , Hydrogen, smoke] And MQ7 sensor can sense carbon monoxide (CO).
they will sense all gases, By monitoring harmful gases present in the air surrounding the
system it also checks high pollution rate and compare it with standard levels and when
quality goes down beyond a certain level it sends notification to human that it's not safe.
means when there are sufficient amount of harmful gases are present in the air like CO2,
smoke ,CO,alcohol, benzene and NH3.It will sends notification (SMS message) and show the
air quality on the LCD and can also trigger some device operated to purify the air , such as
switch on the Exhaust fan.

Existing System uses arduino controller, sensors MQ2,MQ7 and MQ135. For output it uses
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). Due to rapid development in technology, the development
material for little and low cost sensors became technically and economically feasible.

MQ135 gas sensor will give the Pollution level in PPM (parts per million). MQ135 gas sensor
will give the output in form of voltage levels and we have to convert it into PPM. So for
converting the output in PPM, we have used a library for MQ135 gas sensor.Sensor was
giving us value of 90 when there was no gas near it and the air quality safe level is 350 PPM
and it should not exceed 1000 PPM. When it will exceeds the limit of 1000 PPM, then it will
cause Headaches, sleepiness and stagnant, stuffy air and if it will exceeds beyond 2000 PPM
then it will cause increased heart rate and many different diseases. When the value will be
less than 1000 PPM, then the LCD and webpage will display “Fresh Air”. When the value will
increase from 1000 PPM, then the buzzer will start beeping and the LCD and webpage will
display “Poor Air, Open Windows”. And when it will increase 2000,the buzzer will keep
beeping and the LCD and webpage will display “Danger! Move to fresh Air”.
Software Requirement:

C Programming language is used as the main programming language for the code
development of the system.

(It is used to program the Arduino Uno by using Arduino IDE as its framework. Besides,
several modules were also integrated with the system to realize the system’s functionalities.

Hardware Requirement:

( The core development of this IoT device consist of an Arduino Uno R3, which is a
microcontroller board with 20 digital input/output pins that work as a processing device for
this system. Due to its flexibility and ability to respond to sensors and inputs, this Arduino
can interact with a large array of outputs. Figure 3 shows the circuit diagram used for each
node in the proposed system. For the prototype of this proposed system, DC were used as
the power supply.The important key of this IoT device is the sensor. A sensor is a device that
detects or measures a physical environment and respond to it. The output of these sensors
is directly sent to an Arduino board, which in turn sends a notification to the user through a
GSM SIM 900D.)

The output of these sensors is sent directly to Arduino board and It will sends notification
to user through GSM SIM 900A.

GSM SIM 900A is a GSM Module that work to establish communication between a computer
and a GSM-GPRS system which work together with a Exhaust fan for as an additional
hardware to this IoT device [14].
User Design:

(User design is created based on requirements collected in the early phase. In this phase,
model and prototype that represent all system processes including inputs and outputs are
developed. A detailed user design includes how the system’s flow, from beginning until the
end, how many users include and how the systems architecture looks like. This phase
enables users to see to general flow of the system, understand the process flow and modify
the working model of the system that meets their needs. Figure 2 demonstrate the general
architecture of the proposed system which integrates the sensors, mini buzzer, GSM Module
and cloud storage with the Arduino Uno R3. The outcomes from this phase will deliver to the
next phase which is the construction phase)
3 Construction.:

In construction phase, the detailed gritty diagram of the system models is completed with
the system realization, framework and imperative documentation designed work for the
proposed application. During the period time of construction, three (3) phases should be
done which is the establishment of hardware and software. It is important to configure all
hardware integrated in the system and program the Arduino Uno board based on the
proposed design to ensure the system works properly. In addition, the fan unit must be
properly configured to purify the air. The last part in construction phase was an SMS
notification to the user through a GSM SIM 900D to alert them about the pollution. The
process cycle between the user design phase and construction until final prototype is
created. Figure 4 shows the flow of the proposed system.

. In addition, the GPRS GSM Module connection should be configured properly in order to
enable the storage of data acquisition into the cloud and being display in the website and
android applications.