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    10.1.1 Introduction To Advanced Sentences Part 1

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    10.1.1 Introduction To Advanced Sentences Part 1

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    mohammadowais616admin
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    10.1.1 Introduction to Advanced Sentences Part 1

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    8 views2 pages

    10.1.1 Introduction To Advanced Sentences Part 1

    Uploaded by

    mohammadowais616admin

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    10.1.

    1 INTRODUCTION TO ADVANCED SENTENCES (PART 1)


    - To review the different places that ‫ رفع‬is used
    Learning Objectives - To understand how and when a fi’l can be a ‫صفة‬

    Lesson Review

    Before continuing into some more complex subjects in grammar, let’s return briefly back to the
    basics and take a look at the big picture of status. First of all, where is ‫رفع‬used?
    1. Doer – ‫حسْنى‬ ْ ‫س‬
    ُ ‫ت‬ َ ‫دَ َر‬
    2. Mubtada – ‫أكبر‬
    ُ ُ‫هللا‬
    3. Khabr – ‫أكبر‬
    ُ ُ‫( هللا‬unless ‫ كان‬makes the khabr nasb)
    ُ ِ‫قُتِ َل – )نَائ‬
    4. Doer in a passive fi’l (‫ب الفاعل‬
    5. The follower of ‫ رفع‬is ‫رفع‬

    In these instances, the ‫ رفع‬status is always describing an ism, and we can tell the status is ‫رفع‬
    by its ending sound or ending combination. In more advanced sentences, that will not
    necessarily be the case. For example:

    َ‫طفَا ُل يَ ْل َعبُ ْون‬


    ْ َ ‫ – األ‬The kids are playing.
    ْ َ ‫ األ‬is the mubtada, and َ‫ يَ ْل َعبُ ْون‬is the khabr. Even though ‫ يلعبون‬is a fi’l, not an ism like usual,
    ‫طفَا ُل‬
    it is still the khabr. So we would call it ‫محل رفع‬ ِ ‫في‬. In fact, any place of ‫ رفع‬where a fi’l is used
    instead of an ism will be ‫في محل رفع‬

    Here’s another example:


    ‫َر ُح ٌل نَائِ ٌم‬
    This is a ‫موصوف صفة‬, which translates as “a sleeping man”.

    Now what happens when the fi’l ‫ يَنا ُم‬is used in the same place?
    ‫َر ُح ٌل يَنا ُم‬
    It’s still a ‫موصوف صفة‬, but a type that only works when the ‫ موصوف‬is common and is
    followed by a fi’l.

    Everything is supposed to match in a ‫موصوف صفة‬, so we’ll say that ‫ يَنام‬is a ‫فعل مضارع في محل‬
    ‫رفع‬. The same thing would happen if the ‫ موصوف‬is ‫ نصب‬or ‫جر‬, and the only thing that would
    change is ‫ في محل نصب‬or ‫في محل جر‬.

    1
    © BayyinahTV
    Note that there is a slight difference in meaning between the two fragments. As we said
    previously, ‫ رج ٌل نائ ٌم‬means “a sleeping man.” ‫ رج ٌل َينا ُم‬has two possible meanings: “a man who
    sleeps” and “a man trying to sleep”.

    Look at a few more examples:

    َ‫ِلقَ ْو ٍم َي ْع ِقلُ ْون‬ َ‫ِلقَ ْو ٍم عاقِ ِليْن‬


    for a nation that thinks OR for a thinking nation
    for a nation that tries to think

    َ ُ‫َر ُج ٌل ي‬
    ‫ص ِل ْي‬ َ ُ‫الر ُج ُل الذي ي‬
    ‫ص ِل ْي‬ َّ
    a man who prays the man who prays

    ‫ُم ْس ِل ُمون َيتعلمون‬ َ‫ال ُم ْس ِل ُم ْونَ الذين يَتَ َعلَّ ُم ْون‬


    Muslims who learn the Muslims who learn

    In summary, when a fi’l follows a common ism, it’s a ‫موصوف صفة‬. If the ism is proper, we have
    to use ‫( الذي‬or one of its family members) to make it a ‫موصوف صفة‬.

    2
    © BayyinahTV

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