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Tutorial 1 Problems

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15 views

Tutorial 1 Problems

Questions

Uploaded by

Richeal Owusu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PCE 351 SEPARATION PROCESSES I

Tutorial sheet 1 (Mass Transfer 1)

Question 1
Helium and nitrogen gas are contained in a conduit 5 mm in diameter and 0.1 m long
at 298 K and a uniform constant pressure of 1.0 atm abs. The partial pressure of He at
one end of the tube is 0.060 atm and 0.020 atm at the other end. The diffusivity is
6.87 × 10-5 m2/s. Calculate the following for steady-state equimolar counter-diffusion.
[Use R = 82.057 x 10-3 m3.atm/(kgmol.K)]
(a) Flux of He in kg mol/s.m2
(b) Partial pressure of He at a point 0.05 m from either end.
[Ans: (a) JAz = 1.124 x 10-6 kg-mol A/(s.m2), (b) pA = 0.040 atm]

Question 2
Water in the bottom of a narrow metal tube is held at a constant temperature of 20
o
C. The ambient air outside the tube (assumed dry) is at 1.01325 x 105 Pa (1.0 atm) and
20 oC. Water evaporates and diffuses through the air in the tube, and the diffusion
path z2−z1 is 0.1524 m long.

Calculate the rate of evaporation of water vapour at steady state in kgmol/(s.m2). The
diffusivity of water vapour (A) in air (B) at the given conditions is 2.50 x 10-5 m2/s.
Assume that the system is isothermal and air is insoluble in water. [Data: The vapour
pressure of water at 293 K = 17.54 mm Hg; R = 8314 m3.Pa. K-1.kgmol-1.
[Ans: 1.595 × 10−7 kgmol/s.m2]
Question 3
Ammonia gas is diffusing through nitrogen under steady-state conditions with N2
non-diffusing since it is insoluble in one boundary. The total pressure is 1.013 × 105
Pa and the temperature is 298 K. The partial pressure of NH3 at one point is
1.333 × 104 Pa , and at the other point 20 mm away, it is 6.666 × 103 Pa. The DAB for
the mixture at 1.013 × 105 Pa and 298 K is 2.30 × 10-5 m2/s. Use a value of R = 8314
m3.Pa/(kgmol.K).
(a) Calculate the flux of NH3 in kg mol/s.m2.
(b) Do the same as (a) but assume that N2 also diffused, i.e., both boundaries are
permeable to both gases and the flux is equimolar counterdiffusion. In which case
is the flux greater?
[Ans: 3.44 × 10−6 kg mol/s.m2; (b) 3.10 × 10−6 kg mol/s.m2]

Question 4
The solute HCl (A) is diffusing through a thin film of water (B) 2.0 mm thick at 283 K.
The concentration of HCl at point 1 at one boundary of the film is 12.0 wt% HCl
(density, ρ1 = 1060.7 kg/m3), and at the other boundary at point 2 it is 6.0 wt% HCl
(density, ρ2 = 1030.3 kg/m3). The diffusion coefficient of HCl in water is 2.5 × 10-9
m2/s. Assuming steady state and one boundary impermeable to water, calculate the
flux of HCl in kg mol/s.m2.
[Ans: 2.372 × 10−6 kg-mol A/s.m2]

Question 5
For a mixture of ethanol vapour and methane, predict the diffusivity using the
method of Fuller. Values of atomic diffusion volumes are provided.
(a) At 1.0132 × 105 Pa and 298 373 K
(b) At 2.0265 × 105 Pa and 298 K
Atomic diffusion volumes
C 16.5
H 1.98
O 5.48
N 5.68
Cl 19.5
[Ans: (a) 1.43 × 10−5 𝑚2 /𝑠 𝑎𝑡 298 𝐾; 2.12 × 10−5 𝑚2 /𝑠 𝑎𝑡 373 𝐾; (b) 7.15 × 10−5
𝑚2 /𝑠]

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