Introduction to Python Programming Lab

(BPLCK105B/205B)
I/II Semester
(common to all branches)
LAB MANUAL

MIRZA ARIF BAIG

Asst Professor Dept of CSE
K.C.T ENGINEERING COLLEGE
GULBARGA
Contents

Setting up the Python Environment iii

1 Question 1 1
1.1 Student Details ............................................................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Senior Citizen Check ........................................................................................................................................... 2

2 Question 2 4
2.1 Fibonacci Sequence ...................................................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Binomial Coefficient .................................................................................................................................................... 5

3 Mean, Variance and Standard Deviation 6

4 Digit Frequency 8

5 Word Frequency 9

6 Sort File Contents 11

7 Backup Directory into Zip 13

8 Assertions and Exceptions Demo 14

9 Complex Class Demo 16

10 Student Class Demo 19

i
Setting up Python Programming Environment
Anaconda Distribution

Anaconda Distribution equips individuals to easily search and install thousands of Python/R packages and access a
vast library of community content and support. Especially with Python being very popular and defacto platform for
Data Science. Also it provides good graphical IDEs like Spyder and Jupyter Notebook.

Download Anaconda Distribution

If you want to install Anaconda Distribution on your system, you can download it from its official webpage.
https://www.anaconda.com/products/distribution
It is available for Linux, Mac, Windows platforms. Download the suitable version based on your operating system.

Install Anaconda Distribution

Headover to the folder where it is was downloaded. Open a terminal and navigate to the folder. Run the 3 commands
as shown in the diagram below.

The installer proceeds to setup the Anaconda distribution. Choose to perform the default action yes whenever
prompted.

Launch Anaconda Distribution

Once installed open a terminal and run the following command to launch Anaconda Navigator.

Dept of CSE, KCT ENGG ii

Here in Anaconda Navigator choose Spyder IDE. Click on the launch button below it to start the IDE.

Spyder IDE
Type a Python program and save it with .py extension. A sample program is shown below.

Dept of CSE, KCT ENGG iii

 Then click on Run button (green triangle button) to execute the program. If the program has any errors they
are shown on console on the bottom right section. Otherwise the program starts executing and output is shown in
the console sub window. A sample is shown below.

Dept of CSE, KCT ENGG iv

 Chapter 1

Question 1

1.1 Student Details

Question
Develop a program to read the student details like Name, USN, and Marks in three subjects. Dis-
play the student details, total marks and percentage with suitable messages.

Python Code
10

12

13 stName = input("Enter the name of the student : ")

14 stUSN = input("Enter the USN of the student : ")
15 stMarks1 = int(input("Enter marks in Subject 1 : "))
16 stMarks2 = int(input("Enter marks in Subject 2 : "))
17 stMarks3 = int(input("Enter marks in Subject 3 : "))
18

19

20 print("Student Details\n=========================")
21 print("%12s"%("Name :"), stName)
22 print("%12s"%("USN :"), stUSN)
23 print("%12s"%("Marks 1 :"), stMarks1)
24 print("%12s"%("Marks 2 :"), stMarks2)
25 print("%12s"%("Marks 3 :"), stMarks3)
26 print("%12s"%("Total :"), stMarks1+stMarks2+stMarks3)
27 print("%12s"%("Percent :"), "%.2f"%((stMarks1+stMarks2+stMarks3)/3))
28 print("=========================")
Listing 1.1: 01AStudDetails

1
 Output
=================================
1

3 Enter the name of the student : SYED

4 Enter the USN of the student : 3KC22EC002
5 Enter marks in Subject 1 : 87

6 Enter marks in Subject 2 : 78

7 Enter marks in Subject 3 : 65

8 Student Details

9 =========================

10 Name : SYED
11 USN : 3KC22EC002
12 Marks 1 : 87
13 Marks 2 : 78
14 Marks 3 : 65
15 Total : 230
16 Percent : 76.67
17 =========================

Listing 1.2: OUTPUT

1.2 Senior Citizen Check

Question
Develop a program to read the name and year of birth of a person. Display whether the person
is a senior citizen or not.

Python Code

12 from datetime import date

13

14

15 perName = input("Enter the name of the person : ")

16 perDOB = int(input("Enter his year of birth : "))
17

18 curYear = date.today().year
19 perAge = curYear - perDOB
20

21 if (perAge > 60):

22 print(perName, "aged", perAge, "years is a Senior Citizen.")
23 else:

24 print(perName, "aged", perAge, "years is not a Senior Citizen.")

Listing 1.3: 01BChkSnrCitzn.PY

Dept of CSE, KCT ENGG 2

 Output
=================================
1

3 Enter the name of the person : Akbar Khan

4 Enter his year of birth : 1978
5 Akbar Khan aged 44 years is not a Senior Citizen.
6
7

9 Enter the name of the person : UMME

10 Enter his year of birth : 1957
11 UMME Best aged 65 years is a Senior Citizen.
Listing 1.4: OUTPUT

Dept of CSE, KCT ENGG 3

 Chapter 2

Question 2

2.1 Fibonacci Sequence

Question
Develop a program to generate Fibonacci sequence of length (N). Read N from the console.

Python Code

11 """
12

13 num = int(input("Enter the Fibonacci sequence length to be generated : "))

14

15 firstTerm = 0
16 secondTerm = 1
17 print("The Fibonacci series with", num, "terms is :")

18 print(firstTerm, secondTerm, end=" ")

19 for i in range(2,num):

20 curTerm = firstTerm + secondTerm

21 print(curTerm, end=" ")
22 firstTerm = secondTerm
23 secondTerm = curTerm
24 print()

Listing 2.1: 02AFibonacci.py

Output
1

3 Enter the Fibonacci sequence length to be generated: 8

4 The Fibonacci series with 8 terms is:
5 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13
6

4
 2.2. BINOMIAL COEFFICIENT CHAPTER 2. QUESTION 2

10 Enter the Fibonacci sequence length to be generated : 5

11 The Fibonacci series with 5 terms is :
12 0 1 1 2 3

Listing 2.2: OUTPUT

2.2 Binomial Coefficient

Question
Write a function to calculate factorial of a number. Develop a program to compute binomial co-
efficient (Given N and R).

Python Code

10 """
11

12 def fact(num):
13 if num == 0:
14 return 1
15 else:
16 return num * fact(num-1)
17 n = int(input("Enter the value of N : "))

18 r = int(input("Enter the value of R (R cannot be negative or greater than N): "))

19 nCr = fact(n)/(fact(r)*fact(n-r))

20 print(n,’C’,r," = ","%d"%nCr,sep="")

Listing 2.3: 02BFactNCR.py

Output
1

2 Enter the value of N : 7

3 Enter the value of R (R cannot be negative or greater than N): 5
4 7C5 = 21
5

6 Enter the value of N : 5

7 Enter the value of R (R cannot be negative or greater than N): 5
8 5C5 = 1
9

10 Enter the value of N : 3

11 Enter the value of R (R cannot be negative or greater than N): 1
12 3C1 = 3

13

14 Enter the value of N : 8

15 Enter the value of R (R cannot be negative or greater than N): 0
16 8C0 = 1

Listing 2.4: OUTPUT

Dept of CSE, KCT ENGG 5

 Chapter 3

Mean, Variance and Standard Deviation

Question
Read N numbers from the console and create a list. Develop a program to print mean, variance
and standard deviation with suitable messages.

Python Code
12 """
13

14 from math import sqrt

15

16 myList = []
17

18 num = int(input("Enter the number of elements in your list : "))

19

20 for i in range(num):
21 val = int(input("Enter the element : "))
22 myList.append(val)
23

24 print(’The length of list1 is’, len(myList))

25

26 print(’List Contents’, myList)

27

28

29 total = 0
30 for elem in myList:
31 total += elem
32

33 mean = total / num

34

35 total = 0
36 for elem in myList:
37 total += (elem - mean) * (elem - mean)
38

6
 CHAPTER 3. MEAN, VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION

39 variance = total / num

40

41 stdDev = sqrt(variance)
42

43 print("Mean =", mean)

44 print("Variance =", variance)
45 print("Standard Deviation =", "%.2f"%stdDev)
Listing 3.1: 03MeanVarSD.py

Output
1

3 Enter the number of elements in your list : 5

4 Enter the element : 45
5 Enter the element : 34
6 Enter the element : 86
7 Enter the element : 92
8 Enter the element : 35
9

10 The length of list1 is 5

11 List Contents [45, 34, 86, 92, 35]
12

13 Mean = 58.4
14 Variance = 642.64
15 Standard Deviation = 25.35
Listing 3.2: OUTPUT

Dept of CSE, KCT ENGG 7

 Chapter 4

Digit Frequency

Question
Read a multi-digit number (as chars) from the console. Develop a program to print the frequency
of each digit with suitable message.

Python Code
1

9 """
10 num = input("Enter a number : ")
11 print("The number entered is :", num)

12 uniqDig = set(num)

13 for elem in uniqDig:

14 print(elem, "occurs", num.count(elem), "times")

Listing 4.1: 04DigitFreq.py

Output

3 Enter a number : 234939

4 The number entered is : 234939
5 4 occurs 1 times

6 9 occurs 2 times

7 3 occurs 2 times

8 2 occurs 1 times

12 Enter a number : 7843338

13 The number entered is : 7843338
14 7 occurs 1 times

15 4 occurs 1 times

16 3 occurs 3 times

17 8 occurs 2 times

Listing 4.2: OUTPUT

8
 Chapter 5

Word Frequency

Question
Develop a program to print 10 most frequently appearing words in a text file. [Hint: Use dictio-
nary with distinct words and their frequency of occurrences. Sort the dictionary in the reverse
order of frequency and display dictionary slice of first 10 items]

Python Code
11 """
12 import sys
13 import string

14 import os.path

15

16 fname = input("Enter the filename : ") #sample file text.txt also provided
17

18 if not os.path.isfile(fname):
19 print("File", fname, "doesn’t exists")
20 sys.exit(0)
21

22 infile = open(fname, "r")

23

24 filecontents = ""
25

26 for line in infile:

27 for ch in line:
28 if ch not in string.punctuation:
29 filecontents = filecontents + ch
30 else:
31 filecontents = filecontents + ’ ’ #replace punctuations and \n with
space
32

33 wordFreq = {}
34 wordList = filecontents.split()

9
 CHAPTER 5. WORD FREQUENCY

35

36 #Calculate word Frequency

37

38 for word in wordList:

39 if word not in wordFreq.keys():
40 wordFreq[word] = 1
41 else:
42 wordFreq[word] += 1
43

44 #Sort Dictionary based on values in descending order

45 sortedWordFreq = sorted(wordFreq.items(), key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True )
46

47 #Display 10 most frequently appearing words with their count

48

49 print("\n===================================================")
50 print("10 most frequently appearing words with their count")
51 print("===================================================")
52 for i in range(10):
53 print(sortedWordFreq[i][0], "occurs", sortedWordFreq[i][1], "times")
Listing 5.1: 05WordFreq.py

Output
1

3 Enter the filename : text.txt

4

5 ===================================================
6 10 most frequently appearing words with their count
7 ===================================================

8 the occurs 45 times

9 of occurs 24 times

10 party occurs 12 times

11 part occurs 12 times

12 a occurs 9 times

13 and occurs 8 times

14 second occurs 7 times

15 to occurs 6 times

16 shall occurs 6 times

17 first occurs 5 times

Listing 5.2: OUTPUT

Dept of CSE, KCT ENGG 10

 Chapter 6

Sort File Contents

Question
Develop a program to sort the contents of a text file and write the sorted contents into a separate
text file. [Hint: Use string methods strip(), len(), list methods sort(), append(), and file methods
open(), readlines(), and write()].

Python Code
13 """
14

15 import os.path
16 import sys
17

18 fname = input("Enter the filename whose contents are to be sorted : ") #sample
file unsorted.txt also provided
19

20 if not os.path.isfile(fname):
21 print("File", fname, "doesn’t exists")
22 sys.exit(0)
23

24 infile = open(fname, "r")

25

26 myList = infile.readlines()
27 # print(myList)
28

29 #Remove trailing \n characters

30 lineList = []
31 for line in myList:

32 lineList.append(line.strip())
33

34 lineList.sort()
35

11
 CHAPTER 6. SORT FILE CONTENTS

36 #Write sorted contents to new file sorted.txt

37

38 outfile = open("sorted.txt","w")
39

40

41 for line in lineList:

42 outfile.write(line + "\n")
43

44 infile.close() # Close the input file

45 outfile.close() # Close the output file
46

47

48 if os.path.isfile("sorted.txt"):
49 print("\nFile containing sorted content sorted.txt created successfully")
50 print("sorted.txt contains", len(lineList), "lines")
51 print("Contents of sorted.txt")
52 print("=================================================================")
53 rdFile = open("sorted.txt","r")
54 for line in rdFile:
55 print(line, end="")
Listing 6.1: 06SortLinesFile.py

Output
2

3 Enter the filename whose contents are to be sorted : unsorted.txt

4

5 File containing sorted content sorted.txt created successfully

6 sorted.txt contains 15 lines
7 Contents of sorted.txt

8 =================================================================

9 A deep C diva.

10 All the troubles you have will pass away very quickly.

11 Beware of a tall black man with one blond shoe.

12 Don’t read everything you believe.

13 Exercise caution in your daily affairs.

14 He changes the domain.

15 How does a hacker fix a function which doesn’t work for all of the elements in its

domain?
16 Lay on, MacDuff, and curs’d be him who first cries, "Hold, enough!".

17 People are beginning to notice you. Try dressing before you leave the house.
18 The surest protection against temptation is cowardice.

19 To be or not to be.

20 Tuesday is the Wednesday of the rest of your life.

21 What is the square root of 4bˆ2?

22 You display the wonderful traits of charm and courtesy.

23 You may be recognized soon. Hide.

Listing 6.2: OUTPUT

Dept of CSE, KCT ENGG 12

 Chapter 7

Backup Directory into Zip

Question
Develop a program to backing Up a given Folder (Folder in a current working directory) into a
ZIP File by using relevant modules and suitable methods.

Python Code
1

9 """
10 import os
11 import sys
12 import pathlib
13 import zipfile
14

15 dirName = input("Enter Directory name that you want to backup : ")

16 if not os.path.isdir(dirName):
17 print("Directory", dirName, "doesn’t exists")
18 sys.exit(0)
19 curDirectory = pathlib.Path(dirName)

20 with zipfile.ZipFile("myZip.zip", mode="w") as archive:

21 for file_path in curDirectory.rglob("*"):

22 archive.write(file_path, arcname=file_path.relative_to(curDirectory))
23 if os.path.isfile("myZip.zip"):

24 print("Archive", "myZip.zip", "created successfully")

25 else:

26 print("Error in creating zip archive")

Listing 7.1: 07BackFolderZip.py

Output

3 Enter Directory name that you want to backup : zipDemo

4 Archive myZip.zip created successfully
Listing 7.2: OUTPUT

13
 Chapter 8

Assertions and Exceptions Demo

Question
Write a function named DivExp which takes TWO parameters a, b and returns a value c (c=a/b).
Write suitable assertion for a greater than 0 in function DivExp and raise an exception for when
b=0. Develop a suitable program which reads two values from the console and calls a function
DivExp.

Python Code
11 """
12 import sys
13

14 def DivExp(a,b):
15 assert a>0, "a should be greater than 0"
16 try:
17 c = a/b
18 except ZeroDivisionError:
19 print("Value of b cannot be zero")
20 sys.exit(0)
21 else:
22 return c
23

24 val1 = int(input("Enter a value for a : "))

25 val2 = int(input("Enter a value for b : "))
26

27 val3 = DivExp(val1, val2)

28

29 print(val1, "/", val2, "=", val3)

Listing 8.1: 08AssertExceptDemo.py

Output

14
 CHAPTER 8. ASSERTIONS AND EXCEPTIONS DEMO

2 Enter a value for a : 7

3 Enter a value for b : 6
4 7 / 6 = 1.1666666666666667
5
6

7 Enter a value for a : 0

8 Enter a value for b : 5
9 AssertionError: a should be greater than 0
10
11

12 Enter a value for a : -3

13 Enter a value for b : 6
14 AssertionError: a should be greater than 0
15
16

17 Enter a value for a : 6

18 Enter a value for b : 0
19 Value of b cannot be zero
Listing 8.2: OUTPUT

Dept of CSE, KCT ENGG 15

 Chapter 9

Complex Class Demo

Question
Define a function which takes 2 objects representing complex numbers and returns new complex
number with a addition of two complex numbers. Define a suitable class Complex to represent
the complex number. Develop a program to read N (N greater than 2) complex numbers and to
compute the addition of N complex numbers.

Python Code
11 """
12

13 class Complex:
14 def init (self, realp = 0, imagp=0):
15 self.realp = realp
16 self.imagp = imagp
17

18 def setComplex(self, realp, imagp):

19 self.realp = realp
20 self.imagp = imagp
21

22 def readComplex(self):
23 self.realp = int(input("Enter the real part : "))
24 self.imagp = int(input("Enter the real part : "))
25

26 def showComplex(self):
27 print(’(’,self.realp,’)’,’+i’,’(’,self.imagp,’)’,sep="")
28

29 def addComplex(self, c2):

30 c3 = Complex()
31 c3.realp = self.realp + c2.realp
32 c3.imagp = self.imagp + c2.imagp
33 return c3
34

16
 CHAPTER 9. COMPLEX CLASS DEMO

35 def add2Complex(a,b):
36 c = a.addComplex(b)
37 return c
38

39 def main():
40 c1 = Complex(3,5)
41 c2 = Complex(6,4)
42

43 print("Complex Number 1")

44 c1.showComplex()
45 print("Complex Number 2")
46 c2.showComplex()
47

48 c3 = add2Complex(c1, c2)
49

50 print("Sum of two Complex Numbers")

51 c3.showComplex()
52

53 #Addition of N (N >=2) complex numbers

54

55 compList = []
56

57 num = int(input("\nEnter the value for N : "))

58

59 for i in range(num):
60 print("Object", i+1)
61 obj = Complex()
62 obj.readComplex()
63 compList.append(obj)
64

65 print("\nEntered Complex numbers are : ")

66 for obj in compList:
67 obj.showComplex()
68

69 sumObj = Complex()
70 for obj in compList:
71 sumObj = add2Complex(sumObj, obj)
72

73

74 print("\nSum of N complex numbers is", end = " ")

75 sumObj.showComplex()
76

77 main()
Listing 9.1: 09ComplexClass.py

Output
3 Complex Number 1
4 (3)+i(5)
5 Complex Number 2

6 (6)+i(4)

7 Sum of two Complex Numbers

8 (9)+i(9)

10 Enter the value for N : 5

11 Object 1
12 Enter the real part : 1
13 Enter the real part : 9
14 Object 2
15 Enter the real part : 2
16 Enter the real part : 8

Dept of CSE,KCT ENGG 17

 CHAPTER 9. COMPLEX CLASS DEMO

17 Object 3
18 Enter the real part : 3
19 Enter the real part : 7
20 Object 4
21 Enter the real part : 4
22 Enter the real part : 6
23 Object 5
24 Enter the real part : 5
25 Enter the real part : 5
26

27 Entered Complex numbers are :

28 (1)+i(9)
29 (2)+i(8)
30 (3)+i(7)
31 (4)+i(6)
32 (5)+i(5)
33

34 Sum of N complex numbers is (15)+i(35)

Listing 9.2: OUTPUT

Dept of CSE,KCT ENGG 18

 Chapter 10

Student Class Demo

Question
Develop a program that uses class Student which prompts the user to enter marks in three sub-
jects and calculates total marks, percentage and displays the score card details. [Hint: Use list
to store the marks in three subjects and total marks. Use init method to initialize name, USN
and the lists to store marks and total, Use getMarks() method to read marks into the list, and
display() method to display the score card details.]

Python Code
11 """
12

13 class Student:
14 def init (self, name = "", usn = "", score = [0,0,0,0]):
15 self.name = name
16 self.usn = usn
17 self.score = score
18

19 def getMarks(self):
20 self.name = input("Enter student Name : ")
21 self.usn = input("Enter student USN : ")
22 self.score[0] = int(input("Enter marks in Subject 1 : "))
23 self.score[1] = int(input("Enter marks in Subject 2 : "))
24 self.score[2] = int(input("Enter marks in Subject 3 : "))
25 self.score[3] = self.score[0] + self.score[1] + self.score[2]
26

27 def display(self):
28 percentage = self.score[3]/3
29 spcstr = "=" * 81
30 print(spcstr)
31 print("SCORE CARD DETAILS".center(81))

19
 CHAPTER 10. STUDENT CLASS DEMO

32 print(spcstr)
33 print("%15s"%("NAME"), "%12s"%("USN"), "%8s"%"MARKS1","%8s"%"MARKS2","%8s"%"
MARKS3","%8s"%"TOTAL","%12s"%("PERCENTAGE"))
34 print(spcstr)
35 print("%15s"%self.name, "%12s"%self.usn, "%8d"%self.score[0],"%8d"%self.
score[1],"%8d"%self.score[2],"%8d"%self.score[3],"%12.2f"%percentage)
36 print(spcstr)
37

38

39 def main():
40 s1 = Student()
41 s1.getMarks()
42 s1.display()
43

44 main()
Listing 10.1: 10StudentClass.py

Output
2

3 Enter student Name : SYED

4 Enter student USN : 3KC22EC002
5 Enter marks in Subject 1 : 87

6 Enter marks in Subject 2 : 79

7 Enter marks in Subject 3 : 92

8 =================================================================================

9 SCORE CARD DETAILS

10 =================================================================================

11 NAME USN MARKS1 MARKS2 MARKS3 TOTAL PERCENTAGE

12 =================================================================================

13 SYED 3KC22EC002 87 79 92 258 86.00

14 =================================================================================

Listing 10.2: OUTPUT

Dept of CSE,KCT ENGG 20