Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bayombong Campus

DEGREE
BSGE 3 COURSE NO. GEO 10
PROGRAM
COURSE
SPECIALIZATION GEODETIC SURVEYING
TITLE
rd
YEAR LEVEL 3 Year TIME FRAME 6 hrs WK NO. 3 IM NO. 2

I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE

1. HORIZONTAL GEODETIC CONTROL NETWORK by:
 TRAVERSING

II. LESSON TITLE

 Open traverse
 Close traverse
 Loop traverse

II. LESSON OVERVIEW

Horizontal control surveys; Types of Traverse; Traverse Specification; Illustrative Problems

IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. Discuss the Importance of Horizontal Geodetic control network.
2. Discuss the objectives and Importance of Horizontal Survey.
3. Differentiate the types of horizontal control network.
4. Solve problems in Horizontal control network by Traversing procedure.

V. LESSON CONTENT

HORIZONTAL CONTROL SURVEY

Horizontal control surveys over extensive areas generally establish geodetic latitudes and longitudes
of stations. Plane rectangular coordinates are subsequently computed from these values. When control
surveys are performed on smaller areas, plane rectangular coordinates are determined directly without
obtaining latitudes and longitudes.
The main objective of horizontal control surveys is the establishment of a network of triangulation
stations. The field procedures used in horizontal control surveys include the control by traversing, control by
triangulation and by trilateration.

WHAT IS A TRAVERSE?

A Traverse is a series of horizontal distances and directions are observed to connect points whose
positions are to be determined. Traverses for control surveys consist of a closed polygon with most of
the sides and angles measured directly in the field. This procedure is generally less expensive and
can be extended in any direction. It can be undertaken even under less favorable weather conditions.
However, its main dis advantage is that there are fewer checks available when there is a need to
locate surveying errors and mistakes.

Types of traverses
There are several types or designs of traverses that can be utilized on any given survey. The terms open and
closed are used to describe certain characteristics of a traverse. If not specified, they are assumed to refer
to the mathematical rather than geometrical properties of the traverse.

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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024
Closed Traverse creates a closed geometrical shape, such as the first two examples in Figure A. The
traverse ends on one of two points, either the on same point from which it began or on the initial backsight.
The first two traverses in Figure A are geometrically closed.

Open traverse

Loop traverse

Circuit traverse

Figure A

Loop Traverse

100- Station Number

closed Traverse

Open Traverse

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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024

Traverse
Specifications

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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024

SAMPLE PROBLEM no. 1 (CLOSED

TRAVERSE)

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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024
SAMPLE PROBLEM no. 2(Closed traverse)

This traverse was executed by Engr. Leo P. Mendeja on February 9, 1983 to establish a certain control
points in his barangay. He used a total station instrument and observed the following data:

Sta. Sta. Azimuth True distance in Remarks

obs. occ. meter
T-1 T-1 is equal to BLLM # 9, CAD 222
T-2 153˚49’19” 4281.52 T-2 is equal to BLLM # 10, CAD 222
T-2
T-3 239˚01’06” 7226.21 CONTROL #. 1
T-3
T-4 324˚37’01” 8405.41 CONTROL #. 2
T-4
T-1 85˚34’41” 9200.80 BLLM NO. 9

Required:
1. Sketch the observed data
2. Compute and adjust the error of the traverse by transit rule
3. Compute the area of the traverse by DMD method and identify what classification of
traverse it belong with respect to the area to be controlled.
4. Compute the true coordinates of control no. 1 and 2 and T-2, assuming that T-1 is
20034.04 N and 20051.39 E
5. Compute the Geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) of control no. 1, 2 and
T-2. The latitude of BLLM # 9 is; 12˚16’23.23” and longitude is 121˚10’56.21” with an
arc measure per seconds is; lat: 30.235m/s and long: 31.256m/s

Solutions/Answers:
1. Sketch the observed data

2. Compute and adjust the by transit

Sta. Sta. Azi Dist. in lat dep Corr. Corr. Adj. Adj. DMD 2A
obs. occ. meter lat dep lat dep
T-1
T-2 153˚49’19” 4281.52 +3842.35 -1888.84 .04 .01 3842.39 -1888.85 -1888.85 -1888.85
T-2
T-3 239˚01’06” 7226.21 +3719.79 +6195.26 .04 .02 3719.83 6195.24 2417.54 2147.54
T-3
T-4 324˚37’01” 8405.41 -6852.92 +4867.07 .08 .02 -6852.84 4867.05 13479.83 13479.83
T-4
T-1 85˚34’41” 9200.80 -709.39 -9173.41 .01 .03 -709.38 -9173.44 9173.44 9173.44
E= 0.17 E= 0.08 E=0 E=0

Note: To solve the lat. and dep. given the azimuth is that, in your calculator, press Rec (Distance, Azimuth) and reverse
the sign of the computed lat and dep.

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purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024
3. Compute the area of the traverse by DMD method and identify what classification of traverse it
belong with respect to the area to be controlled.

2A= 97147433.62

AREA= 48,573,716.81 sq. m . or 4857.37 hectares

Note: Base on the traverse specification as per classification and standard of Accuracy (as per section 28,
DAO 2007-29) The computed area which is 4857.37 hectares belong to Secondary Traverse.

4. Compute the true coordinates of control no. 1 and 2 and T-2, assuming that
T-1 is 20034.04 N and 20051.39 E

Sta. Sta. Adj. Adj. NORTHING EASTING

obs. occ. lat dep
T-1 20034.04 20051.39
T-2 +3842.39 -1888.85 23876.43 18162.54
T-2
T-3 +3719.83 +6195.24 27596.26 24357.78
T-3
T-4 -6852.84 +4867.05 20743.42 29224.83
T-4
T-1 -709.38 -9173.44 20034.04 20051.39

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purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024
5. Compute the Geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) of control no. 1, 2 and T-2. The
latitude of BLLM # 9 is; 12˚16’23.23” and longitude is 121˚10’56.21” with an arc measure per seconds
is; lat: 30.235m/s and long: 31.256m/s

Geographic Coordinates (latitude and longitude) of T-2, T-3 and T-4

Note:
the +/- sign to be used is depends
on the sign of the adjusted lat. and
dep.

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purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024

SAMPLE PROBLEM no. 3 (Open traverse with SIDE shots observations)

The Total station instrument was set up at Station 1 (T-1) and oriented recon from south (0˚) and
side shots/ observed the two existing monuments (PS and BL) with the following observation below.

OCC. OBS HA DIST

T-1
PS 105˚52’21” 97.765 M
BL 289˚16’54” 195.186 M
T-2 37˚00’45” 150.120 M
a. Compute the COORDINATES of PS, BL and T-2 assuming that T-1 is 25,000N and
21,000E

b. Compute the distance from PS to BL.

c. Compute the azimuth from PS to BL.

d. Compute the geographic coordinates of the PS and BL, provided that The latitude of T-1
is; 12˚16’23.23” and longitude is 121˚10’56.21” with an arc measure per seconds is; lat:
30.235m/s and long: 31.256m/s

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purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024
SOLUTIONS

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purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational
purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 10
 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational
purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 11
 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational
purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.: GEO 10-1S-2023-2024

VI. LEARNING ACTIVITIES

1. Assignments
2. Research
3. Video Viewing

VII. EVALUATION (Note: Not to be included in the student’s copy of the IM)

VIII. ASSIGNMENT

IX. REFERENCES

Book
Memorandum Circular No. 2010-13: Adoption of the Manual on Land Survey Procedures

Modernization of the PHILIPPINE GEODETIC REFERENCE SYSTEM STRATEGIC PLAN 2016-2020

(pdf file)

Prepared by:

ENGR. ROLLY T. HAWETE

Subject Instructor

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purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
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