Unsolved Questions

True or False
1. Communication is a two way process.

True. The PDF describes communication as the 'sharing' of information between two or more individuals or groups to
reach a common understanding. It emphasizes that communication is a two-way exchange of information, involving
giving and receiving, such as speaking and writing (giving information) and reading and listening (receiving information).

2. Decoding is the process in which the receiver and the sender are ensuring that they understood each other correctly.

True. While the summary does not use the term "decoding" explicitly, it implies that communication involves
understanding messages, which is essentially what decoding refers to. It is the process where the receiver interprets the
message from the sender and ensures that they have understood it correctly. The barriers to communication mentioned,
such as language, visual perception, past experience, etc., are all factors that can affect the decoding process.

3. Language is a very important factor that affects communication.

True. The PDF explicitly states that language can act as a barrier to communication when incorrect words are used,
when the language is unfamiliar, or when there is a lack of detail. It provides the example of an Indian who knows only
Hindi and a Chinese person who knows only Mandarin being unable to interact due to the language barrier.

4. If a sender is feeling low, then, the person will not be able to deliver the message appropriately.

True. The PDF mentions that feelings and emotions, such as not feeling well or not trusting the other person, can
affect communication. It specifically states, "I am not feeling well, therefore, I don’t want to talk," which indicates that a
sender's low spirits can indeed hinder their ability to deliver a message effectively.

5. The content should not be clear in words with the direct focus on the message.

False. According to the principles of effective communication outlined in the PDF, one of the 7 Cs is 'Clear,' which
suggests that the content should be clear. The statement in the question contradicts this principle by suggesting that the
content should not be clear, which is incorrect.

The requests you've made pertain to crafting sentences in different tones or types, which is a general English language
exercise and doesn't require specific information from a PDF. I'll provide you with the type of sentence for each example
you've given:

Write an appropriate kind of sentences for the following (Assertive, Imperative,

Interrogation, Exclamatory):
1. How's the weather today? - Interrogative (asking a question about the weather)

2. It's a bright and sunny day. - Assertive (stating a fact about the weather)

3. Have you packed my lunch? - Interrogative (asking if an action has been completed)
4. My favourite dessert is chocolate ice cream. - Assertive (stating a personal preference)

5. My hobby is baking. - Assertive (stating a fact about a personal hobby)

6. Wow! This cake looks amazing. - Exclamatory (expressing admiration or surprise about the cake)

7. Watch your steps in the staircase. - Imperative (giving a warning or instruction)

8. Get me a pair of scissors. - Imperative (giving a command)

9. Please do the needful. - Imperative (politely giving an instruction)

10. This is the latest edition of the dictionary. - Assertive (stating a fact about the edition of a book)

Write short notes on.

1. Interjection:

An interjection is a part of speech that expresses emotion, feeling, or sentiment on the part of the speaker. It is
typically punctuated with an exclamation point and can stand alone or be incorporated into sentences. Interjections are
used to convey strong emotions such as surprise, disgust, joy, excitement, or enthusiasm. Examples include "Wow!,"
"Ouch!," "Hooray!," and "Alas!" They are versatile and can be used in both casual and formal communication, although
they are more common in spontaneous and emotional speech.

2. Conjunction:

A conjunction is a word that connects clauses, sentences, words, or phrases within a sentence. Conjunctions are used
to coordinate and subordinately link different parts of a sentence to add complexity and depth to writing. There are
three main types of conjunctions: coordinating (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so), subordinating (because, although, while,
since, etc.), and correlative (either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also). They serve to make writing more fluid and to
show the relationship between different parts of a sentence, such as addition, contrast, cause, and effect, or condition.

Identify noun, pronoun, verb, preposition and adverb from the following sentences.
1. She went to the market to buy fruits.
- Noun: market, fruits
- Pronoun: She
- Verb: went, buy
- Preposition: to
- Adverb: (There is no adverb in this sentence)

2. I am scared of thunder and lightning.

- Noun: thunder, lightning
- Pronoun: I
- Verb: am, scared
- Preposition: of
 - Adverb: (There is no adverb in this sentence)

3. Ankit, what's your opinion about this?

- Noun: Ankit, opinion
- Pronoun: what, your
- Verb: is (contracted in "what's")
- Preposition: about
- Adverb: (There is no adverb in this sentence)

4. Teacher Sunita teaches Physics and Mathematics.

- Noun: Teacher, Sunita, Physics, Mathematics
- Pronoun: (There is no pronoun in this sentence)
- Verb: teaches
- Preposition: (There is no preposition in this sentence)
- Adverb: (There is no adverb in this sentence)

5. Priya and her friends are going on a picnic.

- Noun: Priya, friends, picnic
- Pronoun: her
- Verb: are going
- Preposition: on
- Adverb: (There is no adverb in this sentence)

Writing a paragraph.
1. IT as part of the education system (for Aparna):
"In the contemporary education landscape, Information Technology (IT) has emerged as a cornerstone,
transforming how knowledge is delivered and absorbed. IT's integration into the education system has
unlocked vast repositories of information and learning resources, accessible with just a click. Interactive
software, virtual labs, and educational platforms have bridged the geographical divide, bringing quality
education to remote areas. Moreover, IT enhances the learning experience by facilitating the development of
critical thinking and problem-solving skills through various online tools and programming languages. It also
prepares students for the digital economy, where IT literacy is not just valued but expected. As we move
forward, IT in education will continue to evolve, paving the way for innovative teaching methodologies and a
more personalized learning journey for students."

2. Gratitude (for Pratima):

"Gratitude is more than a mere 'thank you'; it is a profound appreciation for life's blessings and the
kindness we receive. Expressing gratitude is acknowledging the good in our lives and recognizing that the
source of this goodness lies at least partially outside ourselves. In a world that often emphasizes what is
lacking, choosing gratitude can shift perspectives, foster happiness, and nurture a positive school environment.
It encourages us to reflect on the support of our teachers, the companionship of our peers, and the
unwavering care of our families. By embracing gratitude, we cultivate a sense of contentment and a spirit of
generosity, which compels us to give back and contribute positively to our community. As I stand here today, I
am reminded that every moment of learning and friendship I've experienced in this assembly is a gift to be
cherished."

Fill in the blanks.

1. Communication is an age-old method to convey any information effectively. It involves a two-way exchange
of information, where speaking and writing are forms of giving information, and reading and listening are
forms of receiving it. The concept of communication comes from the Latin word "commūnicāre," which means
'to share.' It's essential for sharing thoughts, feelings, and ideas to reach a common understanding (Page 2).

2. Motivation energizes a person towards the attainment of the desired goal. It's not directly mentioned in the
PDF, but motivation is typically understood as a driving force that stimulates and compels people to take action
to achieve their objectives. It can be inferred as a necessary element in the communication process, where
influencing or changing someone's behavior or thoughts is a part of effective communication (Page 2).

3. Incentive influences a person to perform a specific task. Incentives can be understood as stimuli that are
designed to encourage or motivate individuals to perform certain actions. While the term "incentive" is not
used explicitly in the context provided, the concept aligns with the communication goal of influencing others,
which is a part of the broader communication skills necessary for various interactions (Page 2).

4. Perspective is a preconceived idea which can be favorable or unfavorable towards a person or a thing.
Perspectives are described as ideas, views, or fixed ways of thinking that can sometimes affect our
communication. For instance, if someone has a fixed idea that a teacher or parent is strict, they may perceive
even friendly or polite behavior as scolding (Page 3).

Fill in the blanks with an appropriate article— A, An and The.

1. Donate an organ, save a life.
- "an" is used before a vowel sound ("organ" starts with a vowel sound).
- "a" is used before "life" because it is a singular noun and "life" starts with a consonant sound.
2. The human body produces a natural frequency.
- "The" is used because "human body" refers to the specific body of all humans, which is a known and
definite group.

3. Get me a pair of trousers.

- "a" is used before "pair" because "pair" is a singular noun and starts with a consonant sound.

4. It's an honour to be part of the guest speaker program.

- "an" is used before "honour" because "honour" starts with a vowel sound and "h" is silent.
- "the" is used before "guest speaker program" because it refers to a specific program that is known to the
speaker and listener.

5. The Earth is round.

- "The" is used with "Earth" because it is a specific object known to all.

6. Can I have a glass of water?

- "a" is used before "glass" because "glass" is a singular noun and starts with a consonant sound.

Short answer type questions.

1. What is encoding in communication?
Encoding in communication is the process of converting the sender's ideas into a message, which could be
verbal, written, or nonverbal, before it is communicated to others. It involves the use of symbols, such as
words, pictures, or gestures, to convey information or meaning. This step is crucial in the communication
process because it determines how the message will be presented and understood by others.

2. From where the term communication is derived?

The term "communication" is derived from the Latin word "commūnicāre," which means "to share." It
reflects the fundamental purpose of communication, which is to share information, ideas, feelings, and
understandings between individuals or groups.

3. How environment affects perspectives in communication?

 The environment can significantly affect perspectives in communication by influencing the way messages
are sent, received, and interpreted. For example, noise or disturbances in the surroundings can make it difficult
to hear and understand spoken messages. Cultural environments can also affect communication, as different
cultures may have varying interpretations of certain gestures or expressions. Personal factors like emotions
and psychological state can also impact how messages are conveyed and perceived.

4. What is the meaning of coherent in communication?

In communication, being coherent means that the message is logical, well-organized, and consistent,
making sense to the receiver. Coherence helps in making the communication clear and ensures that all parts of
the message or conversation are connected and relevant to the main topic, which aids in better understanding.

5. What is oral communication?

Oral communication is the process of verbally transmitting information and ideas from one individual or
group to another. It includes a variety of spoken forms, such as face-to-face conversations, discussions, phone
calls, and public speaking. Oral communication allows for immediate feedback and is considered an essential
skill for effective interpersonal interactions.
6. Name the type of sentences that use question marks.

The type of sentences that use question marks are called interrogative sentences. As per the information on
page 29 of the "Communication Skills" PDF, an interrogative sentence is defined as one that asks a question
and always ends with a question mark ('?'). These sentences are used to inquire about information and require
a response. Examples provided in the document include "Did you go to school?" and "Do you like eating
vegetables?"

7. What are indefinite articles? Give examples.

Indefinite articles are words that precede nouns to indicate that the noun is not specific or particular. The
indefinite articles in English are "a" and "an." As explained on page 22 of the "Employability Skills – Class IX"
PDF, "an" is used before words that start with a vowel sound, and "a" is used before words that start with a
consonant sound. Examples given in the document include "a book" for a consonant sound and "an apple" for
a vowel sound. "The" is also mentioned as an article but it is a definite article used to refer to specific or
particular nouns, as in "the sun."

Long answer type questions.

1. What is written communication? Write any four advantages of it.
Written communication involves any type of interaction that makes use of the written word. It is one of the
main types of communication, alongside oral/spoken communication. The advantages of written
communication are numerous, but four significant ones include:
 - Clarity and Precision: Written communication allows the writer to carefully choose words that are clear
and precise, reducing the possibility of misunderstanding.
- Permanent Record: Once something is written and sent, it provides a permanent record that can be
referred back to in the future, which is useful for legal documentation and educational purposes.
- Widespread Distribution: Written messages can be distributed to a large number of people at once,
especially in the digital age, where emails and social media posts can reach millions in an instant.
- Thoughtful Engagement: Writing allows for thoughtful expression where the writer has the time to
consider their thoughts and articulate them more coherently than they might in spontaneous speech.

2. Discuss any two types of non-verbal communication.

Non-verbal communication refers to the transfer of information through the use of body language,
gestures, facial expressions, and other physical movements rather than words. Two types of non-verbal
communication are:

- Facial Expressions: These are powerful forms of non-verbal communication because they convey a wide
range of emotions without the use of words. For instance, happiness can be expressed through a smile, and
sadness can be shown with a frown.
- Posture: The way we sit, stand, and move can communicate much about our confidence, attitude, and
receptiveness. For example, a straight posture can indicate confidence, while slumped shoulders may suggest a
lack of self-esteem or disinterest.

3. What are 3P's of communication? Discuss any two.

The 3P's of communication refer to "Prepare, Practice, and Perform." These principles guide effective
communication, particularly in public speaking or presentations.

- Prepare: Preparation involves researching your topic, understanding your audience, and outlining the
points you want to communicate. It's about organizing your material logically and ensuring you have a clear
message.
- Practice: This step is about rehearsing your communication. It includes going over your material until you
are familiar with it and can present it with confidence. Practice helps to reduce anxiety and improve delivery.

4. What are adjectives? Give an example.

Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns or pronouns by giving some information about an
object's size, shape, age, color, origin, or material. For example, in the sentence "The tall building can be seen
from miles away," "tall" is an adjective because it describes the building.
5. What is an Apostrophe(')? Where are they used?
An apostrophe is a punctuation mark used to indicate either possession or the omission of letters or
numbers. For example:

- Possession: "The cat's whiskers" shows that the whiskers belong to the cat.
- Omission: In contractions, like "don't" for "do not," the apostrophe shows where letters have been left
out. It's also used in phrases like "class of '99" to indicate that numbers have been omitted (1999).

Application based questions.

1. Grading Criteria of a Paragraph for 'Conservation of Water':
Sanchit can outline the grading criteria based on the following aspects:
- Content Relevance and Depth: The paragraph should stick to the topic of water conservation and provide
insightful information or perspectives on the subject.
- Organization and Structure: The paragraph should have a clear beginning, middle, and end, with a topic
sentence, supporting details, and a concluding sentence.
- Grammar and Mechanics: Proper use of grammar, punctuation, and spelling is crucial for the paragraph to
be considered well-written.
- Style and Tone: The writing style should be appropriate for the assignment's audience and purpose, with
a tone that reflects the importance of the topic.

2. Correcting Akash's Sentence:

The correct sentence should be "I bought a smartphone." The rule for using articles is that "an" should be
used before words that start with a vowel sound, and "a" should be used before words that start with a
consonant sound. Since "smartphone" starts with a consonant sound, "a" is the correct article to use.