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    2nd Week - The Concept of Tensile Member A

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    Lilik amp

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    2nd Week - The Concept of Tensile Member A

    Uploaded by

    Lilik amp
    1 views28 pages

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    1 views28 pages

    2nd Week - The Concept of Tensile Member A

    Uploaded by

    Lilik amp

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 28

    2nd WEEK

    THE CONCEPT OF
    TENSION STEEL MEMBERS

    Civil Engineering
    Faculty of InfrastructurePlanning
    Universitas Pertamina
    TENSILE MEMBERS

    Steel Frame Bridge

    Bracing System
    Transmission Tower

    Steel Roof Truss


    DESIGN CONCEPT
    DESIGN CONCEPT

    • The connection dimension is bigger that than the tensile member


    Connection is an importantpart
    • The quality of steel connection is higher than the tensile member
    DESIGN CONCEPT
    ILLUSTRATION OF TENSILE MEMBER DESIGN
    What’s TENSILE MEMBER ?
    Tensile member strength:

    1. Length of connection
    2. Spacing and size of fastner
    3. Net area
    4. Connection eccentricity
    5. Shear lag at end connection
    ILLUSTRATION OF TENSILE MEMBER DESIGN

    Tensile member performance is determined by:

    1. Effectiveness of Tensile Member


    2. Performance of Connection System
    TENSILE MEMBERS SHAPES
    Opened Sections
    Closed Sections

    Compound and BuildSections


    TYPES OF FAILURES
    Gross SectionYielding
    Net Section Rupture
    DESIGN PROCEDURES
    1. Gross Section Yielding
    Tu < ϕ. Tn
    Tn = Fy . Ag
    Where:
    Tn = Nominal strength (N or Kg)
    Fy = Yield stress (MPa or Kg/cm2)
    Ag = Gross section (mm2 or cm2)

    ϕ = reduction factor of 0,9


    DESIGN PROCEDURES
    2. Net Section Rupture
    Tu < ϕ. Tn
    Tn = Fu . Ae = Fu . An . U
    Where:
    Tn = Nominal strength (N or Kg)
    Fu = Ultimate stress (MPa or Kg/cm2)
    An = Net section (mm2 or cm2)
    Ae = Effective section (mm2 or cm2)
    U = Shear lag factors

    ϕ = reduction factor of 0,75


    STRENGTH OF TENSION MEMBER

    Tn = Fy . Ag
    Minimum value
    Tn = Fu . Ae = Fu . An . U

    Tu < ϕ. Tn Strong in withstand theload

    Tu > ϕ. Tn Not strong to withstand theload


    STRENGTH OF TENSION MEMBER

    Tu ULTIMATE LOAD

    Tn NOMINAL STRENGTH

    ϕ. Tn DESIGN STRENGTH
    NET SECTIONAL AREA

    3 parameters related to tensile member:

    1. Bolt diameter(d).
    2. Diameter of the bolt made in workshop (the real hole diameter, d + 2 mm)
    3. Imaginary hole diameter. It’s used to calculate the net section, d + 2 mm + 2 mm
    or d + 4 mm. The addition of this diameter is as a tolerance of the damage effect
    when making holes.
    NET SECTIONAL AREA (AN)

    An < 0,85 Ag
    condition: d imajiner = d + 2 mm + 2 mm

    An = Ag – n.d.t
    Parallel holes
    n = jumlah baut yang gagal
    t = tebal pelat
    d = diameter lubang
    EXAMPLE 1:

    Plate 6 x 100 mm

    T T

    A plate has dimension of 6 x 100 mm and it is subjected to tensile loads as we can see
    from the picture. There are some holes for bolts of 16 mm in size. Please calculate
    the net sectional area of this tensile element !
    There are some holes for bolts of 16 mm in size
    EXAMPLE 2:

    Plate 10 x 100mm

    T T

    A plate has dimension of 10 x 100 mm and it is subjected to tensile loads as we can


    see from the picture. There are 2 holes for bolts of 19 mm in size. Please calculate the
    net sectional area of this tensile element !
    There are 2 holes for bolts of 19 mm in size
    NET SECTIONAL AREA (AN) ZIGZAG HOLES

    An < 0,85 Ag
    condition: d imajiner = d + 2 mm + 2 mm

    Zigzag holes
    NET SECTIONAL AREA (AN)
    ZIGZAG HOLES What’s a , b , c ?

    Zigzag holes
    NET SECTIONAL AREA(AN)

    In general, tensile members used are steel profile (not only a plate) with zigzag bolts installation. In this case, it is
    necessary to make an equivalent plane based on the center of gravity.

    (Source: http://simak-unwiku.ac.id )
    NET SECTIONAL AREA (AN)
    NET SECTIONAL AREA (AN)
    EXAMPLE 3:
    55 60

    40 A

    55 B

    T T
    100 D C

    65

    A plate is subjected to tensile loads. The thick of the plate is 8 mm. There are 4 zigzag
    holes for bolts of 19 mm in size. Please calculate its minimum net sectional area !
    THANK YOU

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