ORACLE database

NO SQL
AOUFI MAROUANE && ELOUHAM HAMZA

Our professor : Said TKATEK

 Plan
Introduction
Problem and solution
nosql databases
Advantages and disvantages
Oracle nosql database
Architecture
Oracle migrator utility
Conclusion

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 Introduction

In computing, a database is an organized collection of data stored and

accessed electronically. Small databases can be stored on a file system, while
large databases are hosted on computer clusters or cloud storage.
NoSQL is a better choice for businesses whose data workloads are more
geared toward the rapid processing and analyzing of vast amounts of varied
and unstructured data, aka Big Data. Unlike relational databases, NoSQL
databases are not bound by the confines of a fixed schema model.

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 What are NoSQL databases?

NoSQL is an approach to database management that can accommodate a

wide variety of data models, including key-value, document, columnar and
graph formats. A NoSQL database generally means that it is non-relational,
distributed, flexible and scalable. Additional common NoSQL database
features include the lack of a database schema, data clustering, replication
support and eventual consistency, as opposed to the typical ACID (atomicity,
consistency, isolation and durability) transaction consistency of relational and
SQL databases. Many NoSQL database systems are also open source.

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What are the
types of NoSQL
databases?
here are four popular types of NoSQL database systems.
Each uses a different type of data model, resulting in
significant differences between each NoSQL type.
 Document databases.

Also called document stores, these databases store semi-structured data and descriptions of
that data in document format. They enable developers to create and update programs without
needing to reference master schema. Use of document databases has increased along with
the use of JavaScript and the JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), a data interchange format
that has gained wide currency among web application developers. Document databases are
used for content management and mobile application data handling, such as blogging
platforms, web analytics and e-commerce applications. Couchbase Server, CouchDB,
MarkLogic and MongoDB are examples of document databases

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 Graph databases.

Graph data stores organize data as nodes, which are similar to rows in a relational
database, and edges, which represent connections between nodes. Because the graph
system stores the relationship between nodes, it can support richer representations of
data relationships. Also, unlike relational models that rely on strict schemas, the graph
data model can evolve over time and use. Graph databases are applied in systems that
must map relationships, such as social media platforms, reservation systems or
customer relationship management. Examples of graph databases include AllegroGraph,
IBM Graph and Neo4j.

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 Key-value stores

Also known as key-value databases, these systems implement a simple data model
that pairs a unique key with an associated value. Because this model is simple, it can
be used to develop highly scalable and performant applications. Key-value
databases are ideal for session management and caching in web applications, such
as those needed when managing shopping cart details for online buyers or for
managing session details for multiplayer gaming. Implementations differ in the way
they are oriented to work with RAM, solid-state drives or disk drives. Examples of
popular key-value databases include Aerospike, DynamoDB, Redis and Riak.

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 Wide-column stores

These databases use familiar tables, columns and rows like relational database
tables, but column names and formatting can differ from row to row in a single table.
Each column is also stored separately on disk. As opposed to traditional row-
orientated storage, a wide-column store is optimal when querying data by columns.
Typical applications where wide-column stores can excel include recommendation
engines, catalogs, fraud detection and event-logging. Accumulo, Amazon SimpleDB,
Cassandra, HBase and Hypertable are examples of wide-column stores.

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Advantages of
NoSQL
 There are several advantages to using NoSQL databases, including:

•NoSQL databases simplify application development, particularly for interactive real-time

web applications, such as those using a REST API and web services.

•These databases provide flexibility for data that has not been normalized, which
requires a flexible data model, or has different properties for different data entities.

•They offer scalability for larger data sets, which are common in analytics and artificial
intelligence (AI) applications.

•NoSQL databases are better suited for cloud, mobile, social media and big data
requirements.

•They are designed for specific use cases and are easier to use than general-purpose
relational or SQL databases for those types of applications.

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Disadvantages of
NoSQL
 The disadvantages of using a NoSQL database include the following:

•Each NoSQL database has its own syntax for querying and managing data. This is in contrast to
SQL, which is the lingua franca for relational and SQL database systems.

•Lack of a rigid database schema and constraints removes the data integrity safeguards that are
built into relational and SQL database systems.

•A schema with some sort of structure is required in order to use the data. With NoSQL, this must be
performed by the application developer instead of the database administrator.

•Because most NoSQL databases use the eventual consistency model, they do not provide the
same level of data consistency as SQL databases. At times the data will not be consistent, which
means they are not well-suited for transactions that require immediate integrity, such as banking
and ATM transactions.

•Because NoSQL databases are newer, there are no comprehensive industry standards as with
relational and SQL DBMS offerings.

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Oracle NoSQL
Database
 What are NoSQL databases?

Oracle NoSQL Database, providing multi-terabyte distributed storage for

key-value pairs, with scalable throughput, and great performance. Oracle
NoSQL Database services network requests to store and retrieve data,
accessing data as either tables or key-value pairs. Oracle NoSQL
Database services data requests with low latency, high throughput, and
predictable data consistency, based on how you configure the store.

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 NoSQL Database Server Licensing

Oracle NoSQL Database Server is available with two licensing options:

Oracle NoSQL Database Community Edition (CE) and Oracle NoSQL
Database Enterprise Edition (EE).

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 NoSQL Database Client Licensing

Oracle NoSQL Database client APIs are released as open source.

Clients ship with source code and are released under the Apache 2.0
License. You use the client APIs to access Oracle NoSQL
Database servers using either the Community Edition (CE) or
Enterprise Edition (EE) licenses.

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 What are NoSQL databases?

Oracle NoSQL Database, providing multi-terabyte distributed storage for

key-value pairs, with scalable throughput, and great performance. Oracle
NoSQL Database services network requests to store and retrieve data,
accessing data as either tables or key-value pairs. Oracle NoSQL
Database services data requests with low latency, high throughput, and
predictable data consistency, based on how you configure the store.

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Architecture
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 Architecture

Oracle NoSQL Database applications read and write data by performing network requests against
an Oracle NoSQL Database data store, referred to as the KVStore. The KVStore is a collection of
Storage Nodes, each of which hosts one or more Replication Nodes. Data is automatically spread
across these Replication Nodes by internal KVStore mechanisms. Given a traditional three-tier web
architecture, the KVStore either takes the place of your back-end database, or runs alongside it.

Optionally, a KVStore installation can be spread across multiple physical locations, each of which is
called a zone.

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 Replication

At a high level, you can think of a Replication Node as a single database containing tables or key-
value pairs. Storage Nodes host one or more Replication Nodes. Because hosting a Replication
Node depends on a healthy amount of resources, generally, Storage Nodes host only a single
Replication Node. However, for installations with hardware that has abundant resources (memory,
CPUs, and disks), Storage Nodes can, and do, host multiple Replication Nodes.

Your store's Replication Nodes are organized into shards. A single shard contains multiple
Replication Nodes. Each shard has a master node. The master node performs all database write
activities. Each shard also contains one or more read-only replicas. The master node copies all new
write activity data to the replicas. The replicas are then used to service read-only operations.

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Oracle NoSQL
Database Migrator
 Conclusion
NoSQL Database Cloud Service
Oracle NoSQL Database Cloud Service makes it easy for
developers to build applications using document, columnar and
key-value database models, delivering predictable single digit
millisecond response times with data replication for high
availability. The service offers ACID transactions, serverless
scaling, comprehensive security, and low pay-per-use pricing for
both on-demand and provisioned capacity modes, including
100% compatibility with on-premises Oracle NoSQL Database.

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 “
Business opportunities are like
buses. There's always another

”
one coming.
Richard Branson

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Thank you