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Binary Code Notes

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7 views

Binary Code Notes

Uploaded by

agamjot496
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Binary Code: Notes

Definition:

Binary code is a system of representing data and instructions using binary digits
(bits), which are 0s and 1s.
It forms the fundamental language of computers, where all data is processed and
stored in binary format.
Binary System:

Uses base-2 numbering system (0 and 1) to represent numeric values and characters.
Each digit in a binary number is called a bit (binary digit).
Representation:

Numeric Values: Binary numbers represent integers using powers of 2 (e.g., 1011 in
binary is 1×2^3 + 0×2^2 + 1×2^1 + 1×2^0 = 11 in decimal).
Characters: Binary code can represent text characters using character encoding
schemes like ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) or Unicode.
Instructions: Binary instructions (machine language) direct computer operations at
the lowest level.
Conversion:

Decimal to Binary: Divide the decimal number by 2 repeatedly, recording remainders


(e.g., converting 13 to binary: 13 ÷ 2 = 6 R1, 6 ÷ 2 = 3 R0, 3 ÷ 2 = 1 R1, 1 ÷ 2 =
0 R1; binary = 1101).
Binary to Decimal: Multiply each binary digit by 2 raised to its position (e.g.,
1101 in binary is 1×2^3 + 1×2^2 + 0×2^1 + 1×2^0 = 13 in decimal).
Uses:

Computing: All data and instructions within a computer system are ultimately
represented and processed in binary.
Digital Communication: Binary is used for transmitting data over networks and
storing data on digital devices.
Programming: Machine language instructions and low-level programming languages
directly manipulate binary code.
Binary Operations:

AND, OR, NOT: Basic logical operations used in binary arithmetic and Boolean
algebra.
Shift and Rotate: Move bits left or right in a binary number.
Bit Depth:

Refers to the number of bits used to represent each pixel in an image or sample in
audio (e.g., 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit).
Binary and Computing:

Binary Arithmetic: Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division are


performed using binary rules.
Binary Storage: Data in computer memory and storage devices is organized into
binary formats.
Advantages:

Efficient representation of data and instructions.


Universal standard across computing systems ensures compatibility and
interoperability.
Challenges:

Can be cumbersome for humans to interpret and work with directly.


Error-prone in manual manipulation due to large numbers of digits.
Understanding binary code is essential for understanding how computers operate at
the lowest levels and is foundational knowledge for computer science, programming,
and digital communication.

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