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Integrative Programming 5

Uploaded by

kinghades0514
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SAINT TONIS COLLEGE, INC.

(Formerly: Kalinga Christian Learning Center)


United Church of Christ in the Philippines
Purok 4, Bulanao Centro, Tabuk City, Kalinga
Philippines 3800
Tel. No. (074) 627-5930, Email Address: [email protected]
Name:
Grade/section:
Subject: INTEGRATIVE PROGRAMMING
Module No: 5
TERM MIDTERM

XML Schema Definition (XSD)


XML Schema is commonly known as XML Schema Definition (XSD). It is used to describe and
validate the structure and the content of XML data. XML schema defines the elements, attributes and data
types. Schema element supports Namespaces. It is similar to a database schema that describes the data in
a database.

Syntax

You need to declare a schema in your XML document as follows −

Example

The following example shows how to use schema −

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>


<xs:schema xmlns:xs = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xs:element name = "contact">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name = "name" type = "xs:string" />
<xs:element name = "company" type = "xs:string" />
<xs:element name = "phone" type = "xs:int" />
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:schema>

The basic idea behind XML Schemas is that they describe the legitimate format that an XML document
can take.

Elements

As we saw in the XML - Elements chapter, elements are the building blocks of XML document. An
element can be defined within an XSD as follows −
<xs:element name = "x" type = "y"/>

Definition Types

You can define XML schema elements in the following ways −

Simple Type

Simple type element is used only in the context of the text. Some of the predefined simple types are:
xs:integer, xs:boolean, xs:string, xs:date. For example −

<xs:element name = "phone_number" type = "xs:int" />

______________________________________________________________________________
An institution of the United Church of Christ in the Philippines (UCCP)
Member: Association of Christian Schools, Colleges and Universities (ACSCU)
UCCP Church Related Educational Action Towards Empowerment (UCCP CREATE)
Cordillera Schools Group (CSG)
SAINT TONIS COLLEGE, INC.
(Formerly: Kalinga Christian Learning Center)
United Church of Christ in the Philippines
Purok 4, Bulanao Centro, Tabuk City, Kalinga
Philippines 3800
Tel. No. (074) 627-5930, Email Address: [email protected]
Complex Type

A complex type is a container for other element definitions. This allows you to specify which child
elements an element can contain and to provide some structure within your XML documents. For
example −

<xs:element name = "Address">


<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name = "name" type = "xs:string" />
<xs:element name = "company" type = "xs:string" />
<xs:element name = "phone" type = "xs:int" />
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
In the above example, Address element consists of child elements. This is a container for
other <xs:element> definitions, that allows to build a simple hierarchy of elements in the XML
document.

Global Types
With the global type, you can define a single type in your document, which can be used by all other
references. For example, suppose you want to generalize the person and company for different addresses
of the company. In such case, you can define a general type as follows −
<xs:element name = "AddressType">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name = "name" type = "xs:string" />
<xs:element name = "company" type = "xs:string" />
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>

Now let us use this type in our example as follows −

<xs:element name = "Address1">


<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name = "address" type = "AddressType" />
<xs:element name = "phone1" type = "xs:int" />
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>

<xs:element name = "Address2">


<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name = "address" type = "AddressType" />
<xs:element name = "phone2" type = "xs:int" />
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
Instead of having to define the name and the company twice (once for Address1 and once for Address2),
we now have a single definition. This makes maintenance simpler, i.e., if you decide to add "Postcode"
elements to the address, you need to add them at just one place.

Attributes

Attributes in XSD provide extra information within an element. Attributes have name and type property
as shown below −
______________________________________________________________________________
An institution of the United Church of Christ in the Philippines (UCCP)
Member: Association of Christian Schools, Colleges and Universities (ACSCU)
UCCP Church Related Educational Action Towards Empowerment (UCCP CREATE)
Cordillera Schools Group (CSG)
SAINT TONIS COLLEGE, INC.
(Formerly: Kalinga Christian Learning Center)
United Church of Christ in the Philippines
Purok 4, Bulanao Centro, Tabuk City, Kalinga
Philippines 3800
Tel. No. (074) 627-5930, Email Address: [email protected]
<xs:attribute name = "x" type = "y"/>

______________________________________________________________________________
An institution of the United Church of Christ in the Philippines (UCCP)
Member: Association of Christian Schools, Colleges and Universities (ACSCU)
UCCP Church Related Educational Action Towards Empowerment (UCCP CREATE)
Cordillera Schools Group (CSG)

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