Php to mysql connection

MySQL is the most popular database system used with PHP.

 MySQL is a database system used on the web

 MySQL is a database system that runs on a server
 MySQL is ideal for both small and large applications
 MySQL is very fast, reliable, and easy to use
 MySQL uses standard SQL
 MySQL compiles on a number of platforms
 MySQL is free to download and use
 MySQL is developed, distributed, and supported by Oracle Corporation
 MySQL is named after co-founder Monty Widenius's daughter: My

The data in a MySQL database are stored in tables. A table is a collection of related data, and it
consists of columns and rows.

Databases are useful for storing information categorically. A company may have a database with
the following tables:

 Employees
 Products
 Customers
 Orders

PHP + MySQL Database System

 PHP combined with MySQL are cross-platform (you can develop in Windows and serve
on a Unix platform)

Database Queries

A query is a question or a request.

We can query a database for specific information and have a recordset returned.

Look at the following query (using standard SQL):

SELECT LastName FROM Employees

The query above selects all the data in the "LastName" column from the "Employees" table.

PHP Connect to MySQL

PHP 5 and later can work with a MySQL database using:

 MySQLi extension (the "i" stands for improved)

 PDO (PHP Data Objects)

MySQLi Installation

For Linux and Windows: The MySQLi extension is automatically installed in most cases, when
php5 mysql package is installed.

For installation details, go to: http://php.net/manual/en/mysqli.installation.php

Open a Connection to MySQL

Before we can access data in the MySQL database, we need to be able to connect to the server:

1. MySQLi Object-Oriented
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password);

// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
echo "Connected successfully";
?>
2. Example (MySQLi Procedural)
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";

// Create connection
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password);

// Check connection
if (!$conn) {
die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
}
echo "Connected successfully";
?>

Close the Connection

The connection will be closed automatically when the script ends. To close the connection
before, use the following:

MySQLi Object-Oriented:
$conn->close();

MySQLi Procedural:
mysqli_close($conn);

PHP Create a MySQL Database

A database consists of one or more tables.

Create a MySQL Database Using MySQLi

The CREATE DATABASE statement is used to create a database in MySQL.

The following examples create a database named "myDB":

Example (MySQLi Object-oriented)Get your own PHP Server

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
// Create database
$sql = "CREATE DATABASE myDB";
if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {
echo "Database created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error creating database: " . $conn->error;
}

$conn->close();
?>

Example (MySQLi Procedural)

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";

// Create connection
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password);
// Check connection
if (!$conn) {
die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
}

// Create database
$sql = "CREATE DATABASE myDB";
if (mysqli_query($conn, $sql)) {
echo "Database created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error creating database: " . mysqli_error($conn);
}

mysqli_close($conn);
?>

PHP MySQL Create Table

A database table has its own unique name and consists of columns and rows.
Create a MySQL Table Using MySQLi and PDO

The CREATE TABLE statement is used to create a table in MySQL.

We will create a table named "MyGuests", with five columns: "id", "firstname", "lastname",
"email" and "reg_date":

CREATE TABLE MyGuests (

id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
lastname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(50),
reg_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
)

Notes on the table above:

The data type specifies what type of data the column can hold. For a complete reference of all
the available data types, go to our Data Types reference.

After the data type, you can specify other optional attributes for each column:

 NOT NULL - Each row must contain a value for that column, null values are not allowed
 DEFAULT value - Set a default value that is added when no other value is passed
 UNSIGNED - Used for number types, limits the stored data to positive numbers and zero
 AUTO INCREMENT - MySQL automatically increases the value of the field by 1 each
time a new record is added
 PRIMARY KEY - Used to uniquely identify the rows in a table. The column with
PRIMARY KEY setting is often an ID number, and is often used with
AUTO_INCREMENT

Each table should have a primary key column (in this case: the "id" column). Its value must be
unique for each record in the table.

The following examples show how to create the table in PHP:

Example (MySQLi Object-oriented)

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";
// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

// sql to create table

$sql = "CREATE TABLE MyGuests (
id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
lastname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(50),
reg_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
)";

if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {

echo "Table MyGuests created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error creating table: " . $conn->error;
}

$conn->close();
?>

Example (MySQLi Procedural)

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// Create connection
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if (!$conn) {
die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
}

// sql to create table

$sql = "CREATE TABLE MyGuests (
id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
firstname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
lastname VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(50),
reg_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
)";

if (mysqli_query($conn, $sql)) {
echo "Table MyGuests created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error creating table: " . mysqli_error($conn);
}

mysqli_close($conn);
?>

PHP MySQL Insert Data

Insert Data Into MySQL Using MySQLi

After a database and a table have been created, we can start adding data in them.

Here are some syntax rules to follow:

 The SQL query must be quoted in PHP

 String values inside the SQL query must be quoted
 Numeric values must not be quoted
 The word NULL must not be quoted

The INSERT INTO statement is used to add new records to a MySQL table:

INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3,...)

VALUES (value1, value2, value3,...)
Example (MySQLi Object-oriented)
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

$sql = "INSERT INTO MyGuests (firstname, lastname, email)

VALUES ('John', 'Doe', '[email protected]')";

if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {

echo "New record created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error: " . $sql . "<br>" . $conn->error;
}

$conn->close();
?>

Example (MySQLi Procedural)

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// Create connection
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if (!$conn) {
die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
}

$sql = "INSERT INTO MyGuests (firstname, lastname, email)

VALUES ('John', 'Doe', '[email protected]')";

if (mysqli_query($conn, $sql)) {
echo "New record created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error: " . $sql . "<br>" . mysqli_error($conn);
}

mysqli_close($conn);
?>

PHP MySQL Select Data

Select Data From a MySQL Database

The SELECT statement is used to select data from one or more tables:

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name

or we can use the * character to select ALL columns from a table:

SELECT * FROM table_name

Select Data With MySQLi

The following example selects the id, firstname and lastname columns from the MyGuests table
and displays it on the page:

Example (MySQLi Object-oriented)

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
$sql = "SELECT id, firstname, lastname FROM MyGuests";
$result = $conn->query($sql);

if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
// output data of each row
while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
echo "id: " . $row["id"]. " - Name: " . $row["firstname"]. " " . $row["lastname"]. "<br>";
}
} else {
echo "0 results";
}
$conn->close();

?>

Example (MySQLi Procedural)

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// Create connection
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if (!$conn) {
die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
}

$sql = "SELECT id, firstname, l

sql);

if (mysqli_num_rows($result) > 0) {
// output data of each row
while($row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result)) {
echo "id: " . $row["id"]. " - Name: " . $row["firstname"]. " " . $row["lastname"]. "<br>";
}
} else {
echo "0 results";
}
mysqli_close($conn);
?>

Example (MySQLi Object-oriented)

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

$sql = "SELECT id, firstname, lastname FROM MyGuests";

$result = $conn->query($sql);

if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
echo "<table><tr><th>ID</th><th>Name</th></tr>";
// output data of each row
while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
echo "<tr><td>".$row["id"]."</td><td>".$row["firstname"]." ".
$row["lastname"]."</td></tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
} else {
echo "0 results";
}

$conn->close();
?>

Delete Data From a MySQL Table Using MySQLi

Example (MySQLi Object-oriented)
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

// sql to delete a record

$sql = "DELETE FROM MyGuests WHERE id=3";

if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {

echo "Record deleted successfully";
} else {
echo "Error deleting record: " . $conn->error;
}
$conn->close();
?>

Example (MySQLi Procedural)

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// Create connection
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if (!$conn) {
die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
}
// sql to delete a record
$sql = "DELETE FROM MyGuests WHERE id=3";
if (mysqli_query($conn, $sql)) {
echo "Record deleted successfully";
} else {
echo "Error deleting record: " . mysqli_error($conn);
}

mysqli_close($conn);
?>

PHP MySQLi Functions

Function Description
Returns the number of affected rows in the previous MySQL
affected_rows()
operation
autocommit() Turns on or off auto-committing database modifications
begin_transaction() Starts a transaction
change_user() Changes the user of the specified database connection
character_set_name() Returns the default character set for the database connection
close() Closes a previously opened database connection
commit() Commits the current transaction
connect() Opens a new connection to the MySQL server
connect_errno() Returns the error code from the last connection error
connect_error() Returns the error description from the last connection error
data_seek() Adjusts the result pointer to an arbitrary row in the result-set
debug() Performs debugging operations
dump_debug_info() Dumps debugging info into the log
errno() Returns the last error code for the most recent function call
error() Returns the last error description for the most recent function call
error_list() Returns a list of errors for the most recent function call
Fetches all result rows as an associative array, a numeric array, or
fetch_all()
both
fetch_array() Fetches a result row as an associative, a numeric array, or both
fetch_assoc() Fetches a result row as an associative array
fetch_field() Returns the next field in the result-set, as an object
fetch_field_direct() Returns meta-data for a single field in the result-set, as an object
fetch_fields() Returns an array of objects that represent the fields in a result-set
Returns the lengths of the columns of the current row in the result-
fetch_lengths()
set
fetch_object() Returns the current row of a result-set, as an object
Fetches one row from a result-set and returns it as an enumerated
fetch_row()
array
field_count() Returns the number of columns for the most recent query
field_seek() Sets the field cursor to the given field offset
get_charset() Returns a character set object
get_client_info() Returns the MySQL client library version
get_client_stats() Returns statistics about client per-process
get_client_version() Returns the MySQL client library version as an integer
get_connection_stats() Returns statistics about the client connection
get_host_info() Returns the MySQL server hostname and the connection type
get_proto_info() Returns the MySQL protocol version
get_server_info() Returns the MySQL server version
get_server_version() Returns the MySQL server version as an integer
info() Returns information about the last executed query
Initializes MySQLi and returns a resource for use with
init()
real_connect()
insert_id() Returns the auto-generated id from the last query
kill() Asks the server to kill a MySQL thread
more_results() Checks if there are more results from a multi query
multi_query() Performs one or more queries on the database
next_result() Prepares the next result-set from multi_query()
options() Sets extra connect options and affect behavior for a connection
Pings a server connection, or tries to reconnect if the connection has
ping()
gone down
poll() Polls connections
prepare() Prepares an SQL statement for execution
query() Performs a query against a database
real_connect() Opens a new connection to the MySQL server
real_escape_string() Escapes special characters in a string for use in an SQL statement
real_query() Executes a single SQL query
reap_async_query() Returns result from an async SQL query
Refreshes/flushes tables or caches, or resets the replication server
refresh()
information
rollback() Rolls back the current transaction for the database
select_db() Select the default database for database queries
set_charset() Sets the default client character set
set_local_infile_default() Unsets user defined handler for load local infile command
set_local_infile_handler() Set callback function for LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE command
sqlstate() Returns the SQLSTATE error code for the error
ssl_set() Used to establish secure connections using SSL
stat() Returns the current system status
Initializes a statement and returns an object for use with
stmt_init()
stmt_prepare()
store_result() Transfers a result-set from the last query
thread_id() Returns the thread ID for the current connection
thread_safe() Returns whether the client library is compiled as thread-safe
use_result() Initiates the retrieval of a result-set from the last query executed
Returns the number of warnings from the last query in the
warning_count()
connection