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3-Tier Architecture - AWS vs. Kubernetes

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47 views4 pages

3-Tier Architecture - AWS vs. Kubernetes

Uploaded by

YUVARAJ L
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understanding 3-Tier Architecture:

(AWS vs. Kubernetes)


In the realm of modern application development and deployment, the 3-tier architecture is a
well-established model that separates the presentation, logic, and data layers, enabling
scalability, manageability, and flexibility. Here’s an in-depth look at how this architecture
can be implemented using AWS and Kubernetes, complete with detailed components and
differences.

The 3-tier architecture consists of:

1. Presentation Tier (UI Layer):

➢ The front end or user interface of the application.


➢ Technologies: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, React, Angular, etc.

2. Logic Tier (Application Layer):

➢ The backend logic, where processing happens.


➢ Technologies: Node.js, Python, Java, Ruby, etc.

3. Data Tier (Database Layer):

➢ The database servers where data is stored and managed.


➢ Technologies: MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, etc.

3-Tier Architecture on AWS:

1. VPC and Subnets:

• VPC (Virtual Private Cloud): The foundation of the network infrastructure.


• Subnets: Three subnets for each tier across multiple AZs.

➢ Public Subnet: For the presentation tier.


➢ Private Subnet: For the logic tier.
➢ Private Subnet: For the data tier.

2. Presentation Tier:

• Amazon S3 and CloudFront: Host static content (HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and
deliver it globally with low latency.
• Application Load Balancer (ALB): Distributes incoming application traffic across
multiple targets in multiple AZs.
3. Logic Tier:

• Amazon EC2: Virtual servers to run your application in a private subnet.


• Auto Scaling Groups (ASG): Automatically adjust the number of EC2 instances
based on demand.
• AWS Elastic Beanstalk: Simplifies deployment and scaling of web applications and
services.
• NAT Gateway: Provides instances in private subnets with internet access while
preventing inbound traffic from the internet.

4. Data Tier:

• Amazon RDS: Managed relational database service that supports Multi-AZ


deployments for high availability.
• Amazon DynamoDB: Managed NoSQL database service with built-in high
availability and scalability.
• Amazon ElastiCache: In-memory caching service to improve database performance.

3-Tier Architecture on Kubernetes:

1. Presentation Tier:

• Ingress Controller: Manages external access to the services, typically using NGINX
or Traefik.
• Kubernetes Service: Exposes the application to the internet, acting as a load balancer
within the cluster.

2. Logic Tier:

• Pods and Deployments: Encapsulates the application containers and ensures they run
as expected.
• ReplicaSets: Ensures the desired number of pod replicas are running, facilitating
scaling.
• Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA): Automatically scales the number of pods based
on observed CPU utilization or other metrics.
• Cluster Autoscaler: Adjusts the size of the Kubernetes cluster based on the needs of
the application.

3. Data Tier:

• StatefulSets: Manages stateful applications by providing stable network identities and


persistent storage.
• Persistent Volumes (PVs) and Persistent Volume Claims (PVCs): Manages
storage in a Kubernetes cluster, ensuring data persistence.
• Database Solutions: Running databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, or using cloud-
managed services such as Amazon RDS via Kubernetes service integrations.
Comparison:
Feature AWS Kubernetes
Network Setup VPC with subnets for each Kubernetes cluster with
tier: Public for presentation, namespaces and network
Private for logic and data. policies.
Presentation Tier S3 + CloudFront for static Ingress Controller for
content, ALB for load managing external access,
balancing across multiple Kubernetes Service for
AZs. internal load balancing.
Logic Tier EC2 instances in Auto Pods and Deployments
Scaling Groups within managed by ReplicaSets,
private subnets, NAT HPA for auto-scaling based
Gateway for outbound on metrics.
access.
Data Tier RDS for relational databases StatefulSets for stateful
with Multi-AZ support, applications, PVs and PVCs
DynamoDB for NoSQL, for persistent storage, cloud-
ElastiCache for caching. managed DB integrations.
Scaling Auto Scaling Groups for EC2 Horizontal Pod Autoscaler
instances. (HPA) for pods, Cluster
Autoscaler for nodes.
Management Managed services reduce Requires management of
operational burden. Kubernetes cluster, more
control and flexibility.
Portability Primarily within AWS Highly portable across
ecosystem, some different cloud providers and
hybrid/multi-cloud support. on-premises environments.
Ease of Use User-friendly interfaces, Steeper learning curve,
managed infrastructure greater flexibility and control
services. over infrastructure.
Cost Pay-as-you-go for managed Potentially lower operational
services, potentially higher costs with optimized
for convenience and support. management, requires
expertise to maintain.
Diagrams Description:

1. AWS 3-Tier Architecture Diagram:

o VPC: Encompasses the entire architecture.


o Subnets:
▪ Public Subnet: Contains ALB and NAT Gateway.
▪ Private Subnet (Logic Tier): Contains EC2 instances in an Auto
Scaling Group.
▪ Private Subnet (Data Tier): Contains RDS instances in Multi-AZ
setup.
o Connections: ALB routes traffic to EC2 instances; EC2 instances access
RDS via private subnet connections; NAT Gateway provides EC2 instances
internet access for updates without exposing them directly to the internet.

2. Kubernetes 3-Tier Architecture Diagram:


o Presentation Tier: Ingress Controller managing external access.
o Logic Tier: Deployments and ReplicaSets managing Pods, with HPA for
scaling.
o Data Tier: StatefulSets managing stateful applications, with PVs and PVCs
for storage, connected to cloud-managed database services.

Conclusion:

Choosing between AWS and Kubernetes for your 3-tier architecture depends on your specific
needs and expertise. AWS offers a managed, integrated environment that simplifies
infrastructure management, while Kubernetes provides a flexible, portable solution that can
run across multiple environments.

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