New Enterprise B2+/C1 Student’s Book

NEW ENTERPRISE is a series for Jenny Dooley

young adult and adult learners of
English from CEFR levels A1 to B2+/C1.
The series maintains the core approach
of the original course while enriching
it with new features designed to meet
the demands of today’s students.

Jenny Dooley

ISBN 978-1-3992-0244-2
Published by Express Publishing Irregular Verbs
Liberty House, Greenham Business Park, Newbury,
Berkshire RG19 6HW, United Kingdom Infinitive Past Past Participle Infinitive Past Past Participle
Tel.: (0044) 1635 817 363 be \bi…\ was \wÅz\ been \bi…n\ learn \l‰…n\ learnt (learned) learnt (learned)
Fax: (0044) 1635 817 463 bear \be´\ bore \bO…\ born(e) \bO…n\ \l‰…nt “l‰…nd‘\ \l‰…nt “l‰…nd‘\
beat \bi…t\ beat \bi…t\ beaten \"bi…t´n\ leave \li…v\ left \left\ left \left\
email: [email protected]
become \bI"køm\ became \bI"keIm\ become \bI"køm\ lend \lend\ lent \lent\ lent \lent\
www.expresspublishing.co.uk let \let\ let \let\
begin \bI"gIn\ began \bI"gœn\ begun \bI"gøn\ let \let\
bite \baIt\ bit \bIt\ bitten \"bIt´n\ lie \laI\ lay \leI\ lain \leIn\
© Jenny Dooley, 2021 blow \bl´U\ blew \blu…\ blown \bl´Un\ light \laIt\ lit \lIt\ lit \lIt\
break \breIk\ broke \br´Uk\ broken \"br´Uk´n\ lose \lu…z\ lost \lÅst\ lost \lÅst\
Design and Illustration © Express Publishing, 2021 bring \brIN\ brought \brO…t\ brought \brO…t\
make \meIk\ made \meId\ made \meId\
build \bIld\ built \bIlt\ built \bIlt\
mean \mi…n\ meant \ment\ meant \ment\
burn \b‰…n\ burnt (burned) burnt (burned)
Colour Illustrations: Andrew Simons © Express Publishing, 2021 meet \mi…t\ met \met\ met \met\
\b‰…nt “b‰…nd‘\ \b‰…nt “b‰…nd‘\
burst \b‰…st\ burst \b‰…st\ burst \b‰…st\ pay \peI\ paid \peId\ paid \peId\
Music Arrangements by Express studio © Express Publishing, 2021 buy \baI\ bought \bO…t\ bought \bO…t\ put \pUt\ put \pUt\ put \pUt\
can \kœn\ could \kUd\ (been able to read \ri…d\ read \red\ read \red\
First published 2021 \bIn "eIb´l t´\) ride \raId\ rode \r´Ud\ ridden \"rId´n\
catch \kœtS\ caught \kO…t\ caught \kO…t\ ring \rIN\ rang \rœN\ rung \røN\
Made in EU choose \tSu…z\ chose \tS´Uz\ chosen \"tS´Uz´n\ rise \raIz\ rose \r´Uz\ risen \"rIz´n\
come \køm\ came \keIm\ come \køm\ run \røn\ ran \rœn\ run \røn\
cost \kÅst\ cost \kÅst\ cost \kÅst\
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or say \seI\ said \sed\ said \sed\
cut \køt\ cut \køt\ cut \køt\
transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior see \si…\ saw \sO…\ seen \si…n\
written permission of the publishers. deal \di…l\ dealt \delt\ dealt \delt\ sell \sel\ sold \s´Uld\ sold \s´Uld\
dig \dIg\ dug \døg\ dug \døg\ send \send\ sent \sent\ sent \sent\
do \du…\ did \dId\ done \døn\ set \set\ set \set\ set \set\
This book is not meant to be changed in any way. draw \drO…\ drew \dru…\ drawn \drO…n\ sew \s´U\ sewed \s´Ud\ sewn \s´Un\
dream \dri…m\ dreamt (dreamed) dreamt (dreamed) shake \SeIk\ shook \SUk\ shaken \"SeIk´n\
ISBN 978-1-3992-0244-2 \dremt “dri…md‘\ \dremt “dri…md‘\ shine \SaIn\ shone \SÅn\ shone \SÅn\
drink \drINk\ drank \drœNk\ drunk \drøNk\ shoot \Su…t\ shot \SÅt\ shot \SÅt\
drive \draIv\ drove \dr´Uv\ driven \"drIv´n\ show \S´U\ showed \S´Ud\ shown \S´Un\
shut \Søt\ shut \Søt\ shut \Søt\
eat \i…t\ ate \eIt\ eaten \"i…t´n\
sing \sIN\ sang \sœN\ sung \søN\

Acknowledgements fall \fO…l\

feed \fi…d\
fell \fel\
fed \fed\
fallen \"fO…l´n\
fed \fed\
sit \sIt\
sleep \sli…p\
sat \sœt\
slept \slept\
sat \sœt\
slept \slept\
feel \fi…l\ felt \felt\ felt \felt\ smell \smel\ smelt (smelled) smelt (smelled)
Author’s Acknowledgements fight \faIt\ fought \fO…t\ fought \fO…t\ \smelt “smeld‘\ \smelt “smeld‘\
find \faInd\ found \faUnd\ found \faUnd\ speak \spi…k\ spoke \sp´Uk\ spoken \"sp´Uk´n\
Dedicated to the fond memory of Virginia Evans, co-author of the original title. fly \flaI\ flew \flu…\ flown \fl´Un\ spell \spel\ spelt (spelled) spelt (spelled)
forbid \f´"bId\ forbade \f´"beId\ forbidden \f´"bId´n\ \spelt “speld‘\ \spelt “speld‘\
forget \f´"get\ forgot \f´"gÅt\ forgotten \f´"gÅt´n\ spend \spend\ spent \spent\ spent \spent\
We would like to thank all the staff at Express Publishing who have contributed their skills to stood \stUd\ stood \stUd\
forgive \f´"gIv\ forgave \f´"geIv\ forgiven \f´"gIv´n\ stand \stœnd\
producing this book. Thanks for their support and patience are due in particular to: Megan Lawton freeze \fri…z\ froze \fr´Uz\ frozen \"fr´Uz´n\ steal \sti…l\ stole \st´Ul\ stolen \"st´Ul´n\
(Editor in Chief); Mary Swan and Sean Todd (senior editors); Michael Sadler and Steve Miller stick \stIk\ stuck \støk\ stuck \støk\
get \get\ got \gÅt\ got \gÅt\ stung \støN\ stung \støN\
(editorial assistants); Richard White (senior production controller); the Express design team; Express sting \stIN\
give \gIv\ gave \geIv\ given \"gIv´n\ swore \swO…\ sworn \swO…n\
studio (recording producers); and Kevin Harris, Ann Brown and Christine Little. We would also like swear \swe´\
go \g´U\ went \went\ gone \gÅn\ swept \swept\ swept \swept\
to thank those institutions and teachers who piloted the manuscript, and whose comments and sweep \swi…p\
grow \gr´U\ grew \gru…\ grown \gr´Un\ swam \swœm\ swum \swøm\
swim \swIm\
feedback were invaluable in the production of the book.
hang \hœN\ hung (hanged) hung (hanged) took \tUk\ taken \"teIk´n\
take \teIk\
\høN “hœNd‘\ \høN “hœNd‘\ taught \tO…t\ taught \tO…t\
Photograph Acknowledgements teach \ti…tS\
have \hœv\ had \hœd\ had \hœd\ tore \tO…\ torn \tO…n\
tear \te´\
Unit 5: The Pursuit of Happyness © E. Charbonneau/WireImage for Sony Pictures/Getty Images on hear \hI´\ heard \h‰…d\ heard \h‰…d\
tell \tel\ told \t´Uld\ told \t´Uld\
p. 38; CLIL: Literature The Call of the Wild © everettwww.iml.gr on p. 108 hide \haId\ hid \hId\ hidden \"hId´n\ thought \TO…t\ thought \TO…t\
think \TINk\
Special thanks to Alamy, iStock and Shutterstock for images used in this course. hit \hIt\ hit \hIt\ hit \hIt\ threw \Tru…\ thrown \Tr´Un\
throw \Tr´U\
hold \h´Uld\ held \held\ held \held\
hurt \h‰…t\ hurt \h‰…t\ hurt \h‰…t\ understand understood understood
Every effort has been made to trace all the copyright holders. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, \Æønd´"stœnd\ \Æønd´"stUd\ \Æønd´"stUd\
the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. keep \ki…p\ kept \kept\ kept \kept\
know \n´U\ knew \nju…\ known \n´Un\ wake \weIk\ woke \w´Uk\ woken \"w´Uk´n\
wear \we´\ wore \wO…\ worn \wO…n\
lay \leI\ laid \leId\ laid \leId\ won \wøn\ won \wøn\
win \wIn\
lead \li…d\ led \led\ led \led\ wrote \r´Ut\ written \"rIt´n\
write \raIt\
Jenny Dooley
 contents
Grammar Vocabulary Reading Listening Speaking Writing Culture

• present tenses • inspiration The dialogue • a presentation • an article Inspiring

1 •
•
stative verbs
past tenses
• character
qualities
ultimate (multiple
role model? choice)
• a personal
interview
describing a
person
characters
(article –
• used to – be/get • similes (article – • writing tip: multiple
Dream big used to – would related to multiple descriptive matching)
• prepositions character choice) language; title
(pp. 4-11)
• phrasal verbs (as ... as)

• (to)-infinitive/-ing • the universe Written in dialogue • a presentation • a summary of How Finn

2 form
• intensifiers
• verbs related
to shine
the Stars
(article –
(multiple
choice)
• narrating –
expressing
a legend
• a narrative
McCool’s hair
went white
• prepositions • idioms with gapped surprise/ • writing tip: (article –
• phrasal verbs shine text: confusion elements in correct
Touch of
missing stories sentences)
nature
sentences)
(pp. 12-19)

• comparisons • fashion Green is monologues making • a blog entry Born & Worn

3 •
•
like – as
it – there
• clothes &
accessories
the new
black
(multiple
matching)
choices –
expressing
• an expository
essay
in the USA
(article –
• prepositions • idioms related (article – certainty – • writing sentence
• phrasal verbs to clothes multiple uncertainty tip: hook completion)
Stuff that
matching) statement;
matters
context; thesis
(pp. 20-27)

Values A – (p. 28)

Public Speaking Skills A – (p. 29)

• future tenses • work – soft The 21st a dialogue asking for/ • a paragraph Million dollar
4 • other future skills century (comprehension expressing expressing Mottos
forms • employment worker questions) opinions – opinion (article –
• degrees of conditions (article – reacting • an opinion multiple
Reshaping certainty • idioms related gapped essay matching)
work • prepositions to work text: • writing tip:
(pp. 30-37) • phrasal verbs missing techniques
paragraphs) to start/end
opinion essays

• modals (present • feelings Happiness a dialogue requesting advice • a review So you want

5 & past)
• deductions
• emotional
intelligence
to stream (multiple
onto your choice)
– empathising
– suggesting
• an essay
making
to become a
US citizen?
• modality phrases • idioms related screen solutions suggestions (online
• prepositions to feelings/ (article – • writing tip: article –
Rebooting
• phrasal verbs mood multiple linking ideas answer
happiness
matching) questions)
(pp. 38-45)

• passive voice • entertainment Virtually monologues • a debate • a summary Visiting

6 • personal/
impersonal
• theatre watching
• idioms related (article -
(comprehension • reviewing
questions) a theatre
• an advert
• a review of
Ireland: music
(article – text
structures to the theatre multiple performance a theatre completion)
What’s on • the/– choice) performance
tonight? • prepositions • writing tip:
• phrasal verbs elements in
(pp. 46-53)
reviews

Values B – (p. 54)

Public Speaking Skills B – (p. 55)

2
 Grammar Vocabulary Reading Listening Speaking Writing Culture

• causative form • health Super monologues • a debate • a paragraph Nature’s

7 • substitution &
ellipsis
• health
problems
healthy
(article –
(multiple
matching)
• asking for/
giving advice
expressing
opinion
Medicine
Cabinet (article
• prepositions • idioms related multiple – expressing • a blog post – complete a
Health is • phrasal verbs to health matching) regret/ giving advice summary)
wealth sympathy • writing tip:
(pp. 56-63) elements in blog
posts – using the
senses

• conditionals • global Making monologues • a presentation • a proposal Volunteering

8 • mixed
conditionals
problems
• social issues
the Sahara (multiple
Green ... matching)
• making a
proposal –
• writing tip:
supporting
UK (online
article –
• hypothetical • idioms with again (article giving expected suggestions multiple
Drop by meaning water – matching results – matching)
drop • prepositions headings to agreeing/
• phrasal verbs paragraphs) disagreeing
(pp. 64-71)

• wishes • living abroad Overcoming dialogues • expressing • a reply to a Scholarships to

9 • unreal present/ • work conflict anxiety (multiple opinions forum post study abroad
past • idioms related abroad choice) • making an • a business email (online article –
• prepositions to conflict (article - apology – of apology comprehension
Conflicting • phrasal verbs multiple accepting an • writing tip: tone questions)
opinions matching) apology – objective, polite
(pp. 72-79) language

Values C – (p. 80)

Public Speaking Skills C – (p. 81)

• reported speech • consumer Connected dialogue expressing cause • a cause-and- Which?

• modals in rights Consumers (complete a & effect effect essay (online article
10 reported speech • my rights (article – summary) • writing tip: – complete a
• reporting verbs • idioms with multiple transition words summary)
• prepositions right choice)
It’s my right! • phrasal verbs
(pp. 82-89)

• clauses • sportsmanship Whatever monologues expressing • rules The Changing

11 •
•
participle clauses • active –
cleft sentences inactive
it takes
(article –
(multiple
matching)
doubt –
responding to
• a report
• writing tip:
Face of the
Australian
• prepositions lifestyle multiple doubt headings Open (article –
Hitting the • phrasal verbs • idioms related choice) headings)
target to health &
(pp. 90-97) fitness

• inversion • state & society Don’t a lecture • a presentation • a summary Gandhi

12 • determiners • social change globalise – (sentence
• adding emphasis/ • idioms related Glocalise! completion)
• discussing
pros & cons –
• a for-and-against
essay
(article –
complete a
vague language to change (article – conceding a • writing tip: summary)
A world of • prepositions gapped text: point rephrasing the
change • phrasal verbs missing topic
paragraphs)
(pp. 98-105)

Values D – (p. 106)

Public Speaking Skills D – (p. 107)
CLIL (pp. 108-111) Pronunciation (p. 182)
Skills Practice (pp. 112-135) Rules of Punctuation (p. 183)
Grammar Reference (pp. 136-163) American English – British English Guide (p. 184)
(GR1-GR28) Irregular Verbs
Word List (pp. 164-181)
3
 Vocabulary: inspiration; qualities; similes related Everyday English: a personal interview
to character Writing: an article describing your

1
Grammar: present/past tenses; stative verbs; role model
used to – be/get used to – would

Dream big
Vocabulary
Inspiration

1 Fill in: project, fulfil, achieve, inspire,

live, find, chase, grab. Read through M eet Nick Vujicic from Melbourne, Australia, an active, adventurous
man who projects confidence. In common with many Australians,
the text to check your answers. he has a deep connection with the sea, and swims, surfs, sails and goes
scuba diving. He also adores skydiving. He and his wife Kanae have four
1 … confidence
children, and they live in southern California now, where this laughter-loving 5
2 … your potential
and devoted father likes nothing more than to hang out, play football and
3 … goals paint with his kids in the backyard. All of this probably doesn’t sound all that
4 … a full life unusual, until you take one important fact into consideration: Nick has tetra-
5 … people to be better amelia syndrome, meaning he has neither arms nor legs.
6 … your calling Nick was born this way because of a very rare genetic disorder that occurs 10
7 … your dreams in no more than four in every 100,000 births. Many sufferers do not live for
8 … opportunities long after birth. But Nick did, and with the help of his parents, he learned to
live with his condition. They even fought for his right to attend an ordinary
school instead of one for children with special needs. But it was there that
2
THINK
THINK Which of the phrases in the trouble began. By the age of eight, teasing and bullying had become 15
Ex. 1 do you think relate to a good bad, and Nick had grown depressed. Then, one day, his mother showed him
role model? an article about a man with severe disabilities who was achieving his goals
THINK
despite them and living a full life. Not only that, but he had dedicated his life
Check these words
to helping others. He inspired Nick to be better and he made the decision
from that day on to focus on what he could do, not what he couldn’t. 20
devoted, take into consideration, Nick has no legs but he does have two small feet, and one has two
genetic disorder, teasing, caretaker, toes on it. He needed a painful operation to gain the use of them,
resist, persist, calculate but once he did, there was no stopping him. He has learned to drive
himself around in a special wheelchair and type on a computer. He
can walk and swim. He can play the drums, get himself a glass of 25
water, comb his own hair and brush his own teeth. His parents had
always told him that while there were a great number of jobs he
couldn’t do, there were plenty he could: giving financial advice, for
example, or accounting. But until he was 17, he really had no idea
what he wanted to do with his life. 30
Then, one day, the caretaker of his school approached him and
told him that he should become a speaker. When Nick asked
him what he had to speak about, the caretaker told him to
tell his story to the world. Nick resisted, but the caretaker
persisted. Not only that – he arranged for Nick’s first speech 35
three months later, in front of a small group of students. Nick
has said that when he saw the light shining in the eyes of a
girl in that audience – a light that had not been there before
he spoke – he knew he had found his calling.
Today, Nick is a motivational speaker who travels all over the 40
world telling people to fulfil their potential, grab opportunities
and chase their dreams. He is the author of a number of self-
improvement books. He has given over 2,000 speeches in
countries all over the world, and has reached countless more
people giving talks over the Internet. He once calculated that 45
a total of two billion people had heard him speak. For each
one, he has the same message: “You don’t know what’s
impossible until you know what’s possible.” In other words,
you don’t know what you are capable of until you start
trying. And if you fail, keep on trying. And if you fall, get 50
4 back up. After all, if Nick can do it, can’t we all?
 1a
Reading & Listening
6 PREPOSITIONS Choose the correct
preposition to complete these quotes from Nick
Study Skills
Vujicic. Check in your dictionary.
Reading for gist
1 “Everybody loves winning, but we should not linger on
Scan the text quickly to decide on its genre and the main
the difference from/between winning and losing.”
message. This helps you familiarise yourself with the text.
2 “To move to the next rung, you must give up your grip
and reach for/at the next one.”
3 “There’s no point in/to being complete on the outside
3 Read the text quickly. What is the main message?
when you’re broken in the inside.”
A No pain, no gain. 4 “Don’t put your life in/on hold so that you can dwell on
B Be inspired by this story. the unfairness of past hurts.”
C Terrible things happen to good people. 5 “You’ll find contentment when your talents and passion
are completely engaged, in/on full force.”

4 Listen to and read the text and for

questions 1-5 choose the best answer, A,B C or
D. Then explain the words in bold.
7 WORDS EASILY CONFUSED Choose the
correct word. Check in your dictionary. Make
sentences with the other options.
1 In the first paragraph, what is the author’s point about
Nick? 1 Many young people adore/prize/idolise/honour top
A He has come a long way both literally and athletes and are inspired by them.
metaphorically. 2 Scott managed/achieved/succeeded/fulfilled to
B If you saw him, you wouldn’t believe what he does. make his dreams come true in his twenties.
C In many ways, he is just like any other person.
3 I’m taking action to get out of a bad condition/
D He is similar to any person with a disability.
situation/position/state in my life.
2 When Nick went to school, 4 This young woman has the possibility/potential/
A there were no facilities for people like him. probability/prospect to lead the country one day.
B some children made his life a misery.
C he didn’t have a positive attitude.
D he decided he wanted to find a career taking care
of people. 8 PHRASAL VERBS Choose the correct
particle. Check in your dictionary.
3 Which job did Nick never consider doing?
1 You’ll never achieve anything if you just give out/up at
A financial advisor
the first obstacle.
B school caretaker
C accountant 2 Things are difficult but I’m hanging out/in.
D speaker 3 Just keep up/on trying and success will come eventually.
4 In paragraph 4, Nick’s finding of his life’s work 4 My grandfather started me off/on in my engineering
A came about somewhat by chance. business.
B is described with great humour. 5 Her lectures always stir in/up a lot of interest.
C occurred before he had met the caretaker. 6 Jia Li is working out/on her English so she can study in
D happened during his first speech. Canada next year.
5 Nick’s message as a motivational speaker is
A work as hard as you can.
B work out what you can do.
Speaking
C if I can do it, anyone can.
9 THINK THINK
How can Nick perform all the
D a disability won’t stop you.
tasks he does without arms? Discuss.

THINK

5 COLLOCATIONS Find and complete the words

in the text that describe the following. Then use
Writing
the phrases to make sentences.
10 ICT MEDIATION Collect information
about other people who have overcome
1 … father 4 … disabilities
2 … disorder 5 … speaker physical disabilities to achieve their goals
and inspire others. Prepare and give a
3 … needs 6 … book
presentation.
5
 1b
Grammar in Use
Present tenses pp. GR1-2 Stative verbs pp. GR1-2

1 Read the post and put the verbs in brackets into

the correct tense. Justify their use.
3 Put the verbs in brackets into the present
simple or the present continuous. How do the
verbs differ in meaning?
Question_of_the_day.org
1 a This candidate isn’t as smart as the last one, but he
… (have) more confidence.
Simple as that! Today’s question...
b Can you wait outside for a moment? I … (have) a

Who's your
private conversation on the phone.
2 a Fatima’s not here right now – she … (see) her new
life coach in the city centre.
b I really … (not/see) why you are so negative about
your future.
3 a You need to step back and examine your life – you
really … (not/look) well these days.
Great question, guys! My inspiration 1) … b The manager … (look) at employee performance
(come) from a person I 2) … (not/meet), at the moment to decide on bonuses.
Hilly350 4 a Why … (you/be) so critical of the way I live my life?
but who I 3) … (hear) about all my life. My
great-great grandmother got on a boat and b Most people’s expectations … (be) too high for
came to the USA in 1924 from Italy, and was them ever to feel satisfied.
one of the last of the 12 million immigrants 5 a Jenny and Roy … (think) of making some pretty big
changes to their situation.
who had entered the USA through the Ellis
Island processing centre in New York Harbour. b You’re making some progress, but I really … (not/
think) it’s enough.
Maria Corleone had been living in a small
village in Sicily for 18 years before she arrived
in America with just two dollars in her pocket
to start a new life. She was working long
4 Choose the correct option. Give reasons.

shifts during the day and hitting the books 1 We … the first part of the weekend retreat – now let’s
at night with the goal of going to nursing move on to Sunday.
college. She used to work hard. She became a A plan C ’ve planned
dedicated nurse as well as a wife and mother B ’re planning D ’ve been planning
and even served overseas during WWII. My 2 The new job is hard work, but Dan … it.
grandmother 4) … (often/show) me pictures A really enjoys C has really enjoyed
of this woman, her grandmother, and in every B is really enjoying D has really been enjoying
one she 5) … (smile). Grandma tells me that 3 And Williams … an ace to win the trophy!
she had such a positive attitude, and now that A serves C has served
I 6) … (go) back Italy to do my PhD in Rome, I B is serving D has been serving
7) … (decide) to be the same!
4 What areas of your life … to change lately?
A do you try C have you tried
B are you trying D have you been trying

2 How do the sentences in each pair differ in

meaning?
5 I … harder in my life than these past two weeks.
A never study C have never studied
B am never studying D have never been studying
1 a I am looking for a solution to the problem.
6 As a teacher, I have noticed that the students … very
b I have been looking for a solution to the problem.
anxious during exams.
2 a Joan’s sister has read a self-improvement book.
A become C have become
b Joan’s sister is reading a self-improvement book.
B are becoming D have been becoming
3 a They have been to a seminar by a famous
motivational speaker.
b They have gone to a seminar by a famous
motivational speaker.
4 a Joey has been reading a book about mindfulness.
b Joey has read a book about mindfulness.
6
 1b

5 SPEAKING Imagine you are a famous and

successful person. Talk about yourself using
used to – be/get used to – would
p. GR3
present tenses. The class guesses who you are.
8 Choose the correct item. In which
sentences can we use the past simple as well?
I live in Los Angeles with my six children. I’m 1 Jimmy used to create/was used to creating a lot of
a Goodwill Ambassador for the UN Refugee conflict at work, but he’s better now.
Agency. I’ve played in many films. I think my
2 Why wouldn’t you share/weren’t you used to
most famous role is Lara Croft. Who am I?
sharing your feelings with others?
3 She used to help/is used to helping people – she
Past tenses p. GR3
does it every day.
4 Sheryl wouldn’t be/didn’t use to be very proud of

6 Match the underlined past tenses in the

blog on p. 6 to the uses.
her accomplishments, but now she is.
5 My sister would read/got used to reading one self-
help book after another in her twenties.
1 two or more actions which were happening at the
6 The first few years after university were difficult, but I
same time in the past
used to/got used to the hard work.
2 an action which happened at a specific time in the past
3 an action which had finished before another past action
4 to emphasise the duration of an action which started
and ended in the past
9 Complete the second sentence so that it means
the same as the first sentence. Use two to five
5 a stative verb in the past words, including the word in bold.
6 past actions which happened one immediately after
1 Joel only started his dream job a week ago and look at
the other
the smile on his face! HAS
7 a habit or routine in the past Joel … in his dream job for a week and look at the
smile on his face!

7 a) Complete the gaps with the correct past 2 I admired him because he would never make excuses.
USE
form of the verbs in brackets.
I admired him because he … excuses.
1 A: Oh, hi, Jason! When … (you/get) back into town? 3 Kevin found out what he wanted in life during a round-
B: Two days ago. I … (not/call) you then because I the-world trip. TRAVELLING
was busy. Kevin found out what he wanted in life … around the
2 A: Why … (you/work) when I called last night? world.
B: Because my manager … (give) me some urgent 4 How are you always such a positive person? SEE
last-minute work. How … the bright side of things?
3 A: I … (see) Jill yesterday. She has changed so much!
B: She told me she decided that she … (make)
excuses for too long and it was time to get fit. 10 SPEAKING Use the time
expressions to make sentences using the
past simple or the present perfect. Your
b) Translate the fragments of sentences in
partner explains how the two sentences
brackets into English. Use up to three words
differ in meaning.
in each gap.
• since • this month • after • for
1 A: How was your summer? … (Wyjechaliście) • in the last few weeks • until
abroad?
B: No, we didn’t. … (Spędziliśmy) a nice quiet summer He has been working here since last May.
at home this year. (He started working here since last May and he is
2 A: Kelly … (wyglądała) so proud of herself at the still working here.)
degree ceremony yesterday! He worked here until last May. (He worked here
B: Remember, she … (goniła za) that dream for five until last May but he doesn’t work here anymore.)
long years.
3 A: … (Poznaliście) James at the event?
B: No, he … (wyszedł) before we … (przybyliśmy).

7
 1c
Skills in Action
Vocabulary Everyday English
Character qualities A personal interview

1 a) Choose the correct adjective. Check in

your dictionary. Then do the quiz.
4 Complete the
dialogue with
the sentences.
HOME About us Blog SEARCH BLOG POST GO
Two sentences
do not match.
Tick the statements
that apply to you. Is this you?
1 I’m a(n) composed/indifferent person and I don’t let stressful
situations get to me.
2 I’m assertive/ruthless and don’t let other people walk all over A I’m assertive when it comes to my job.
me. B My mother, who found success despite disability.
3 I’m self-confident/impudent because I have the knowledge C People who don’t take responsibility.
and skills to do my job well. D The richness of experience that life gives you.
4 I’m enthusiastic/reserved with new people at first, but I soon
E I can be stubborn if I think I’m right.
warm up.
F I’m kind of independent, so alone.
5 I prefer not to boast and remain insecure/modest.
6 I’m deeply determined/stubborn to achieve my goals. G I missed my end-of-school exams due to illness.
7 I’m extremely emotional/passionate about my work, and insist H The desire to create something new.
on doing it perfectly. I I had a deadline coming, so I was really anxious.
8 When working, I’m always very narrow-minded/focused on J I’m rather reserved and insecure.
the task at hand.
9 I’m cunning/quick-witted, which means I can make the right
decisions in fast-moving situations. A: Who has had the greatest influence in your life?
10 I’m generous/wasteful with my time when helping a less B: 1) …
experienced colleague. A: How would you describe yourself?
B: 2) …
THINK A: What motivates you?
b) THINK
Think of two more qualities that
B: 3) …
describe you. Give reasons.
A: What are you passionate about?
THINK B: 4) …
Similes related to character A: What is your greatest weakness?
B: 5) …
2 Fill in: fox, brass, cucumber, nails, mustard, ice.
Which of the adjectives in Ex. 1 do they refer to?
A: What has been your greatest disappointment?
B: 6) …
1 as cold as … 4 as cool as a … A: Do you prefer to work independently or in a team?
2 as bold as … 5 as sly as a … B: 7) …
3 as hard as … 6 as keen as … A: What is your pet peeve?
B: 8) …

Listening
5 Listen and check.
3 Listen to a dialogue and for questions 1
and 2 choose the answer (A, B or C) that fits best.

1 Who had the greatest influence on the woman?

6 You have applied for the post in the
advert. Use questions from Ex. 4 to act out a
A her parents personal interview.
B her foster parents
C her coach Wanted – mentors for teens from disadvantaged
2 The woman feels that her upbringing backgrounds. You should be positive, understanding and
A made her strong. generous. You will be working at our youth centre in the
B wasn’t fair on her. city centre during the evenings and at weekends. Apply
C showed how lucky she was. here.
8
 1 Culture To be able to see yourself
in someone else’s story can

characters
be life-changing. To know
a goal is achievable can be
empowering.
Reading & Listening Vashti Harrison,
author and film-maker
1 THINK THINK
What is your favourite
novel? Do you think a main Hollywood actresses often complain about the lack of strong female
character in a novel can be a role characters in film, but in books they are plentiful. As far back as
THINK
model? Why?/Why not? Grendel’s mother in Beowulf, there have been powerful women taking
an active role in English literature. And characters in books can be as
powerful an influence as any flesh-and-blood person. So let’s take a
2 Look at the names of the
characters in the article. What
look at some of these heroines, and what they can teach us.

do you know about them? Which Jo March is one of the main characters in
character appears in a series of Louisa May Alcott’s Little Women. She is a
books? bold and bright young woman who is fiery and
Listen and read to find out. independent. She refuses to conform to the
conventional ideal of what a woman should be
in Civil War era New England. She follows her
3 Read the text and match the
characters to what each says.
dream of becoming a writer, achieves literary
success and finds someone who loves and
Then explain the words in bold. supports her without trying to change her.

“I don’t want to make somebody else.

A Jane Eyre is the main character of the novel
I want to make myself.”
of the same name by Charlotte Brontë. Brontë
wrote it in the 19th century, a time when women
“I am a free human being with an had very little power and didn’t usually work.
B independent will.” Jane is different, though, and after a difficult
childhood, she is determined to live on her own
terms. When she gets a job teaching a little girl,
“But I’m not a lady. I never however, she falls in love with the girl’s guardian.
C Even so, Jane never loses her free spirit and
have been. That’s not me.”
strength of character.

“I intend to make my own

D
way in this world.”
Sula Peace is the African-American heroine of
Sula by Toni Morrison. She grows up in a small
Speaking & Writing town in Ohio, USA, but refuses to live in the
way people are expected to there. Unlike many

4 THINK THINK women, she has no desire to get married and

Why did the writer of
the article begin it with the quote become a mother, and this confuses her friend
from Vashti Harrison? Nel, the other main character in the story. After
THINK
Sula’s death, however, Nel realises that living
this way had required great personal bravery.
5 ICT MEDIATION
Collect information about male
role models in literature from
your country or other countries. Arya Stark is one of the major characters in
Prepare a presentation. A Song of Ice and Fire, the series of books by
George R R Martin that became the hit TV series
Game of Thrones. She is the daughter of Lord
Stark, but she doesn’t want to wear dresses and
Check these words play the part of the typical daughter of a lord.
Instead, she learns to fight with a sword and,
life-changing, achievable, empowering, when her father is killed, she devotes her life to
flesh-and-blood, fiery, conform, guardian, bringing the person responsible to justice.
lord, justice

10
 Review 1
Vocabulary Grammar

1 Choose the correct word.

4 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

1 I’ve told her countless/ruthless/wasteful times to 1 You … (not/talk) to her since May.
put her talents to better use. 2 As long as I’ve known Keith, he … (always/do) the
2 He’s determined/devoted/composed to succeed. right thing.
3 Bringing up a child with special/severe/focused 3 She … (overcome) all the difficulties in her life so far.
needs is very difficult. 4 She … (travel) the world when she realised what she
4 What a(n) arrogant/self-confident/indifferent wanted to do in life.
person! He thinks he’s better than everyone else! 5 Why … (you/try) to fulfil your parents’ ambitions
5 She won’t ask for a promotion because she’s instead of your own?
passionate/insecure/modest. 6 He … (apply) for the post yesterday.
6 He fulfilled/inspired/created his potential. 7 I … (not/always/live) my life to the full, and that
7 You should try new things and stop being so reserved/ saddens me.
motivational/narrow-minded! 8 Dean … (get) into trouble for years before he decided
8 What a(n) cunning/impudent/quick-witted person! to change his life.
She was so rude to her professor! (8 x 3 = 24)
9 He’s as cold as nails/ice/brass.
(9 x 2 = 18) 5 Choose the correct item.

2 Complete the gaps with project, fulfil, achieve, 1 I used/was used/would to work late.
find, chase, grab. 2 He isn’t used/use/get used to this.
3 Fran didn’t used/wouldn’t/wasn’t used always
1 Opportunities don’t come along very often, so … them admit her mistakes in the past, but that’s changed.
when they do. 4 My cousin wouldn’t/didn’t use/wasn’t used to see
2 You will only … your potential with hard work. the bright side in things.
3 A life coach can help you … your goals in life. 5 I used/used to/was used to living life on my own.
4 I was lucky to … my calling at an early age. (5 x 2 = 10)
5 Always … your dreams. Everyday English
6 Try to … confidence when you walk into a job interview.
(6 x 3 = 18) 6 Match the exchanges.

3 Fill in the correct preposition or particle. 1 Who has had the greatest
influence in your life?
a My old science
teacher.
1 What’s the point … doing a course of study you dislike?
2 How would you describe b Caring too much.
2 Justin kept … applying until he got into art college.
yourself? c Focused and hard-
3 Reach … the stars and you might just catch one!
3 What motivates you? working.
4 Maintain your strengths and work … your weaknesses.
4 What is your greatest d Getting something
5 A little extra effort could be the difference … success weakness? right.
and failure in these exams.
5 What is your pet peeve? e People being late.
(5 x 2 = 10)
(5 x 4 = 20)
Total 100

Competences
Lexical Reading Competence Speaking Competence
Competence • understand texts related to inspiration and • give a presentation
✓
GOOD understand character (read for specific information, • a personal interview
words/phrases reference and implication – multiple choice; Writing Competence

OD ✓✓
related to: read for key information – multiple matching) • write about an
VERY GO • inspiration Listening Competence inspirational figure

T ✓✓✓
• character • listen to and understand dialogues related to • write an article about a

XCELLEN
• character inspiration and character (listen for specific role model
E similes information – multiple choice)
11