Haider Kadhum Raddam

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Journal of Scientific Research in Medical

and Biological Sciences


ISSN 2709-0159(print) and ISSN 2709-1511 (online)
Volume 4, Issue 3 Article 3
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v4i3.643

ASSESSMENT OF MOTHERS' KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PREMATURE


INFANTS WITH CEREBRAL PALSY IN THE MATERNITY AND
CHILDREN HOSPITAL IN DIWANIYAH CITY
Aqeel Abd Al-Hamza Marhoon1, Sabri Shather Hadi2, Haider.Kadhum ALjebore3
1,2,3College of Nursing, Al-Qadisiyah University, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq.

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT


Purpose & Objectives: Assessing mothers' knowledge about Premature infants
Recieved: 26 March 2023 with cerebral palsy and finding therelationship between demographic
Revised: 20 July 2023 information and Premature infants with cerebral palsy.
Accepted: 26 July 2023

Keywords: Subjects and Methods: A descriptive questionnaire-based study was conducted


Assessment, Mothers' on mothers from 20 October 2021 to 17 May 2022. Non probability (purposive)
Knowledge, Cerebral Palsy sample of 50 women's selected from maternity and Child Hospitals in Diwaniyah
City. The demographic characteristics were obtained through interviews with the
Corresponding Author: mothers. The statistical analysis program SPSS was used to analyze the data
Aqeel Abd Al-Hamza Marhoon entered in the form of an Excel table and by using the Chi-square for statistical
analysis.
Email: aqeelabd@gmail.com
Copyright © 2023 by author(s) Results: The results show that there is an association between mothers' knowledge
of their demographic data at a p-value of less than (0.05). Except for item
This work is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution (Occupational), there is no association between the mother's knowledge with
International License (CC BY 4.0). demographic data at a p-value of more than (0.05). Conclusion: The study showed
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ that mothers have insufficient knowledge about premature infants with cerebral
by/4.0/ palsy with regard to factors, such as the mother's education, mother's age, and
Access
economic level related to the mother's knowledge.
Open
Conclusions: There is a need for more large sample studies to generalize good
results. Efforts must be adopted by the Iraqi Ministry of Health to establish
educational programs.

INTRODUCTION

Cerebral palsy is one of the most common health problems for premature babies. About 1 to 2
out of every 1,000 babies born to term will develop cerebral palsy. For babies born at less than
37 weeks gestation, the risk is twice as high, approximately 100 in 1,000 live births. (Martin &
Osterman, 2018; Blinko, 2012).
A premature baby is defined as the birth of a baby before 37 weeks of gestation. Premature
babies are more likely to suffer from several complications, especially cerebral palsy, which
can affect children for life, in addition to some complications of respiratory distress syndrome,
jaundice, infections, and seizures. These complications could lead to the child’s life at an early
age (Marhoon, 2021).
A preterm baby is defined as the birth of a baby before 37 weeks gestation, and it occurs in 8%
to 11% of all pregnancies. These obstetric complications account for 75% to 80% of all

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neonatal deaths. In addition to significant morbidity rates among infants and newborns
(Marhoon & Nasser K, 2017).
Cerebral palsy constitutes a high rate of complications that threaten premature babies and
ranges between 40% and 50%. Most of these cases (75-90%) are thought to be caused by
problems occurring around the time of birth in the case of twins or triplets, often immediately
after birth in cases of dystocia or by forceps or other assisted delivery in cases of normal
delivery. birth injuries. In those born weighing between 1 kg (2.2 lb) and 1.5 kg (3.3 lb) CP
occurs in 6%. [2] Of those born before 28 weeks gestation this occurs in 8% [68] [a] Genetic
factors are believed to play an important role in prematurity and cerebral palsy in general. In
those born between 34 and 37 weeks, the risk is 0.4% (three times normal) (Mohroon, 2021).
METHODOLOGY

Ethical approval obtained from


Maternity and Children's Hospital in Al-Diwaniyah, before contact with women. They were
informed that their participation is voluntary, anonymous and confidential. Oral informed
consent was obtained from all participants prior to the study. Questionnaires were collected
during the period shown below (Abdul Karim & Abbas, 2016).
Study design: A descriptive design was carried out throughout the study to identify the
knowledge of the mother with premature birth from (20 October 2021 to 17 May 2022). Study
sample: A non-probability (purposive) sample consisting of 50 women selected from
maternity and Child Hospitals in Diwaniyah City with premature birth. A descriptive
questionnaire-based study was conducted on mothers from 4 in January 2022 to 9 in March
2022.
Data Collection: The demographic characteristics were obtained through interviews with the
mothers and used adopted and developed using the Arabic version of a self-reported
questionnaire format approximately (10-25) minutes were spent by mothers to complete the
interview and filling out the questionnaire format with the help of investigator (AbdulKarim &
Abbas., 2016).
Data collection instrument: The questionnaire consisted of three sections.
Section -A: questions about the demographic and personal data on mothers and these include:
age, level of education, occupation, residence, and income. Section -B: questions about the
Productive information of the mother and these include the number of pregnancies, number of
abortions, The number of stillbirths, The number of live births, number of preterm births. This
data was selected because of their possible association with preterm birth. Section -C: consisted
of 12 questions on Knowledge of Premature infants with cerebral palsy. (AbdulKarim &
Abbas, 2016).
Data analysis
The statistical analysis program SPSS was used to analyze the data entered in the form of an
Excel table and by using the Chi-square for statistical analysis and to identify the relationships
between demographic information and productive information for the mother with their
knowledge information.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The chapter deals with analyzing data after collecting, processing, tabulated and managing it
statistically, then the scientific and logical interpretation of the results related to the objectives
of the study.

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Table (1) Study Sample Demographic Data
Demographic Data Rating and Intervals Frequency Percent
18-28 25 50.0
29-39 15 30.0
Age/years
40 and more 10 20.0
Total 50 100.0
Urban 30 60.0
Residence Rural 20 40.0
Total 50 100.0
does not read 10 20.0
Reading 8 16.0 66%
Primary 15 30.0
Education Level
Secondary 7 14.0
Diploma or Bachelor's degree 10 20.0
Total 50 100.0
I raised a house 35 70.0

Occupation Employee 10 20.0


Earner 5 10.0
Total 50 100.0
Less than 300 27 54.0
300-600 13 26.0
Income 600-900 3 6.0
900 and more 7 14.0
Total 50 100.0

Table No. 1 shows the demographic information of the sample. In terms of age, it turns out
that the age group for the sample is 18-28. Hence, 50% of the sample is expected to be the
most appropriate age for childbearing. It turns out that the sample is young and this result is
consistent with the study (AL-Mukhtar& Abdulghani, 2020). In terms of Residence, the table
shows that the largest proportion of the sample is from the city, at 60%. While it is the
educational level of the sample, it turns out that the largest percentage is from mothers who
neither read nor write, and who read and write, and from primary school, which is 66%, and
this percentage is very high, and this is consistent with the study (Knowledge of mothers with
premature births About Antenatal corticosteroid therapy for fetal lung maturation)
(Abdulkareem & Abbas, 2016).
Table (2) Study Sample maternal productivity data
Maternal Productivity Data Rating and Intervals Frequency Percent
Once 36 72.0
Twice 8 16.0
Pregnancy Number
three and more 6 12.0
Total 50 100.0
Once 9 18.0
Twice 3 6.0
The Number of Premature Births three and more 2 4.0
No found 36 72.0
Total 50 100.0
Once 7 14.0

The Number of Live births Twice 11 22.0


three and more 32 64.0
Total 50 100.0
The Number of abortions Once 5 10.0

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Twice 6 12.0
three and more 5 10.0
No found 34 68.0
Total 50 100.0
Once 10 20.0
Twice 2 4.0
The Number of Premature infants three and more 2 4.0
with cerebral palsy
No found 36 72.0
Total 50 100.0

Table No.2: shows the productive information of the mother in terms of the number of
pregnancies, premature births, abortions, live births, or stillbirths. It turned out that the most
pregnancies in the sample were those who had pregnancies for the first time and with a
percentage of 72%, While the number of premature births was in the category, there was no
previous pregnancy with a percentage of 72%, and this indicates that mothers are less
experienced and knowledgeable about pregnancy. While live births, the table showed that it is
the most common category, there were three or more births, 64% of the sample size, while
abortion with pregnancy was not, and mothers who did not complain of abortion during
pregnancy, 68% of the sample size. Also, the number of Premature infants with cerebral palsy,
which is the largest percentage of the sample size is 20 %, and this agrees with the research
(Knowledge of Mothers with Premature Births About Antenatal Corticosteroid Therapy for
Fetal Lung Maturation) (Abdulkareem & Abbas, 2016).
Table No. 3: Overall Distribution Assessment of Knowledge among Mothers
Level of mother' knowledge Frequency Percent Mean Std. Deviation
Low 25 50.0
Fair 15 30.0
1.30 .464
Good 10 20.0
Total 50 100.0

Table 4 shows the mean of the level of mother knowledge was (1.67), and the majority of the
study sample (50.0 %) had a low level of mother’s knowledge.

❖ Good (mean 1.68-2), fair (mean 1.34-1.67), low (mean 1-1.33)

Table (4) Association between the Overall Assessment of Mothers’ Knowledge and
Their Demographic Data
Demographic Data P-Value Sig
Age/Years .001 H.S
Residence .001 H.S
Education Level .001 H.S
Occupational .057 N.S
The Number of Pregnancy .001 H.S
The Number of Live Births .001 H.S
The Number of abortions .001 H.S
The Number of Premature Births .001 H.S
The Number of Premature infants with cerebral palsy .001 H.S
Income .001 H.S

The results of Table (5) show that there is association between mother' knowledge with their
demographic data at p value of less than (0.05). Except item (Occupational) there is no

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association between mother' knowledge with demographic data at p value of more than (0.05)
These results are in agreement with the study AL-Mukhtar (2020).
CONCLUSION

The study showed that mothers have insufficient knowledge about Premature infants with
cerebral palsy. Factors such as mother's education, mother's age, and economic level are related
to the mother’s knowledge.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Organizing educational courses for mothers, Increasing the cultural awareness of mothers and
families, establishing educational programs for pregnant women that play a key role in
avoiding complications and reducing the risk of Premature infants with cerebral palsy, creating
recommendations on radio and television that contribute to raising the awareness of mothers,
there is a need for more large sample studies to generalize these results, as well as efforts, must
be adopted by the Iraqi Ministry of Health to establish educational programs.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflict of interest.

FUNDING
None.
ETHICAL CLEARANCE:
Consent was obtained from all the samples of the study.

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