‫‪1 0‬‬

‫‪ I = ‬ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ‪. I = M(0,1) :‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ I‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ‪‬‬

‫‪0 1‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻳﺪ ﻝ )×‪. (G,‬‬ ‫‪:‬א‬
‫ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪ (a,b) ∈ \ 2‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ‪ . b ≠ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪det (M(a,b) ) = b ≠ 0 :‬‬ ‫מא‬ ‫‪:‬א‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ M(a,b) :‬ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﻠﻮﺑﺎ ﻓﻲ )×‪ (M 2 ( \ ),‬ﻭﻫﻮ ‪:‬‬
‫‪2006‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪−1‬‬ ‫‪1  b 0‬‬ ‫إﳒﺎز ‪ :‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ أﻳﺖ اﳊﺴﲔ‬
‫= ) )‪(M(a,b‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪b −a 1‬‬ ‫أﺳﺘﺎذ ﺑﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻮﻻي رﺷﻴﺪ ‪ :‬ﻓﺎس‬
‫‪−1‬‬
‫) )‪(M(a,b‬‬ ‫‪= M‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪− a , 1 ‬‬
‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ‪∈ G :‬‬
‫‪ b b ‬‬

‫× ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ) \ ( ‪ M 2‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻲ ‪ G‬ﺑﺎﻷﺣﺮﻯ‪.‬‬ ‫‪@ Þëþa@åí‹ànÛa‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ‪ (G,×) :‬ﺯﻣﺮﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻟﻜﻞ \ ∈ )‪ (a,a ',b‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ‪b ≠ 0‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻟﻜﻞ ‪ (a,a ',b,b') ∈ \ 4‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ‪ b ≠ 0‬ﻭ ‪: b' ≠ 0‬‬
‫)‪ M(a,b) × M(a ',b) = M(a ',b) × M(a,b‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻓﻘﻂ ﺇﺫﺍ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪1 0   1 0 ‬‬
‫‪M(a,b) × M(a ',b') = ‬‬ ‫‪×‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪a b a ' b'‬‬
‫‪ a + ba ' = a '+ ba‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻓﻘﻂ ﺇﺫﺍ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ 1‬‬ ‫‪0 ‬‬
‫‪ (a − a ')(1− b) = 0‬ﺃﻱ ‪ b = 1 :‬ﺃﻭ ' ‪. a = a‬‬ ‫‪= ‬‬ ‫)'‪ = M(a+ba ',bb‬‬
‫‪a + ba ' bb'‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻔﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺨﺘﺎﺭ ‪ (a,a ',b) ∈ \ 3‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ b ≠ 1‬ﻭ ' ‪ a ≠ a‬ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ M(a+ba ',bb') ∈ G :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪ G :‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮﺓ ﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪bb' ≠ 0 :‬‬
‫)‪M(a,b) × M(a ',b) ≠ M(a ',b) × M(a,b‬‬
‫)×‪(M 2 ( \ ),‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﻼ ‪ (a,a ',b) = (0,1,−1) :‬ﻧﺠﺪ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪M(0,−1) × M(1,−1) = M(−1,−1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
  1 0 1 0  1 0 M(1,−1) × M(0,−1) = M(1,−1) ‫ﻭ‬
A n+1 = A n × A =  ×  =  
na 1 a 1 (n +1)a 1 .‫( ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻟﻴﺔ‬G,×) ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺮﺓ‬

 1 0 . M(0,1) ∈ H : ‫ ﻷﻥ‬H ≠ ∅ ‫ ﻭ‬H ⊂ G (3

( ∀n ∈ ` * ) A n =   : ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬
na 1
: ‫( ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬b,b') ∈ \ 2 ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬
(b > 0 ‫ ﻭ‬b' > 0 ) ⇒ bb' > 0
: ‫א‬ ‫א‬ .(G,×) ‫ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮﺓ ﻗﻲ‬H ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
: ‫ ﻣﻌﺮﻑ ﻷﻥ‬ϕ (1 1
b> 0 ⇒ > 0 : b ‫ﻭ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬
( ∀(a,a ',b,b') ∈ \ 2 × \ *2 ) M(a,b) = M(a ',b') ⇒ (a,b) = (a ',b') b
.‫ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﻟﻪ‬M(a,b) ‫( ﻳﻘﺒﻞ‬a,b) : ‫ ﺷﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﻷﻥ‬ϕ : ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
: ‫ ﺗﺒﺎﻳﻨﻲ ﻷﻥ‬ϕ M(a,b) ∈ H ⇒ (M(a,b) )−1 = M  ∈H
− a , 1 
 b b 
ϕ(M(a,b) ) = ϕ(M(a ',b') ) ⇒ (a,b) = (a 'b')
. (G,×) ‫ ﺯﻣﺮﺓ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻣﺮﺓ‬H ‫ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬.‫ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻘﻠﻮﺏ‬H ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
⇒ M(a,b) = M(a ',b')
. ‫ ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬ϕ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
1 0 1 0  1 0
2
(a,a ',b,b') ∈ \ × \ *2
‫ ﻟﻜﻞ‬: ‫ ﺗﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻷﻥ‬ϕ A 2 =  ×  =   : ‫( ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬4
a 1 a 1 2a 1
ϕ (M(a,b) × M(a ',b') ) = ϕ (M(a+ba ',bb') )  1 0
P(n) : A n =   : ‫ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺟﻊ ﺃﻥ‬
= (a + ba ',bb') = (a,b)T(a ',b') na 1
= (ϕ (M(a,b) )) T (ϕ (M(a ',b') )) . ‫ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬P(1) ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
: ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬. P(n) ‫ﻧﻔﺘﺮﺽ ﺃﻥ‬

2
 ‫‪a 2d 2 (ad + bd) = b2d 2 (ad − bd)2‬‬ ‫‪ ( \ × \ * ,T ) (2‬ﺯﻣﺮﺓ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻟﻴﺔ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺯﻣﺮﺓ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ d ≠ 0 :‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻠﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻳﺪ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺮﺓ ﻫﻮ ‪ϕ (M(0,1) ) = (0,1) :‬‬
‫‪a 2 (a + b) = b2d(a − b)2‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻤﺎﺛﻞ )‪ (a,b‬ﻫﻮ ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺰﻟﻨﺎ ﺏ ‪d‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪  a 1 ‬‬
‫(‬
‫) )‪(a,b)' = ϕ (M(a,b‬‬
‫‪−1‬‬
‫)‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪= ϕ M a 1   = − , ‬‬
‫‪ −b, b    b b ‬‬
‫ﺏ( ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺃ( ‪ b|(a + b)a 2 :‬ﻭ ﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ d = x ∧ y :‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫‪(3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ a ∧ b = 1‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ‪ a ∧ b = 1 :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺒﺮﻫﻨﺔ ﻛﻮﺹ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ . b|(a + b‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪b|(a + b) − b = a‬‬
‫')) )‪((a,1)T...T(a,1))' = (ϕ (M(a,1) ) T...Tϕ (M(a,1‬‬
‫‪b =1‬‬
‫((‬ ‫))‬
‫'‬
‫ﺃﻱ ‪ a ∧ b = b :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫'‬
‫) )‪= ϕ ((M(a,1) )×...×(M(a,1) )) = ϕ (M(a,1‬‬
‫‪n‬‬

‫ﺝ( ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺃ( ‪:‬‬

‫(‬
‫) )‪= (ϕ (M(na,1) )) = ϕ (M(na,1‬‬ ‫)‬
‫'‬ ‫‪−1‬‬

‫‪d(a −1)2 = (a +1)a 2‬‬

‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪ a = 0) :‬ﺃﻭ ‪a = 1 ⇒ (a = −1‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫)‪= ϕ M(−na,1) = (−na,1‬‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ‪ a = 1‬ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)‪((a,1)T...T(a,1))' = (−na,1‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ‪:‬‬
‫‪a ≠1‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺇﺫﻥ ‪(a −1)|(a +1)a 2 :‬‬ ‫‪@ Z@ïãbrÛa@åí‹ànÛa‬‬

‫‪ (1‬ﺃ( ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻧﺠﺪ ‪:‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
 ‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ a = 3‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪. d = 9 :‬‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ‪ ) (a −1) ∧ a = 1 :‬ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺘﻄﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺑﻮﺯﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪(x,y) ∈ {(24,2),(27,9)} :‬‬ ‫‪ ( a − (a −1) = 1‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ‪ (a −1) ∧ a 2 = 1 :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫ﺑﺈﻧﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺗﺤﻘﻘﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﺣﻠﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺮﻫﻨﺔ ﻛﻮﺹ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝ ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(a −1)|(a +1‬‬
‫})‪S = {(24,2),(27,9‬‬
‫ﺩ( ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬‫)‪(a −1)|(a +1‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫))‪⇒ (a −1)|((a +1) − (a −1‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬‫‪(a‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬‫‪1)|(a‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫)‪1‬‬
‫‪@ Z@sÛbrÛa@åí‹ànÛa‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪.(a −1)|2 :‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ a −1 > 0‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪a −1 ∈ {1,2} :‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻧﻀﻊ ‪ z = x + yi :‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ‪.(x,y) ∈ \ 2 :‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ a = 2‬ﺃﻭ ‪a = 3‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪:‬‬
‫‪M(z) ∈ (H) ⇔ Re(P(z)) = 0‬‬
‫‪⇔ Re(x 2 − y 2 + 2ixy − (2 + 6i)(x + yi)) = 0‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ‪ :‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ )‪ (x,y‬ﺣﻼ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ )‪ (E‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫‪⇔ Re((x 2 − y 2 − 2x + 6y) + i(2xy − 6x − 2y)) = 0‬‬
‫* ` ∈ ‪ d‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ‪:‬‬
‫‪⇔ x 2 − y 2 − 2x + 6y = 0‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪x = da‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪x 2 − y 2 − 2x + 6y = 0‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪y = d‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺩﻳﻜﺎﺭﺗﻴﺔ ﻝ )‪. (H‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬‫}‪a ∈ {2,3‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪d(a −1) = (a +1)a‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ a = 2‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪d = 12 :‬‬

‫‪4‬‬
 ‫‪ (2‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (D) :y = x + 2‬ﻭ ‪(D'): y − 3 = −x + 4‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪:‬‬
‫‪x 2 − y 2 − 2x + 6y = 0 ⇔ (x −1)2 − (y − 3)2 = −8‬‬
‫‪X2‬‬ ‫‪Y2‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ ‪ :‬ﻟﻢ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻧﻌﻄﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ‪:‬‬ ‫⇔‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪= −1‬‬
‫)‪( 8) ( 8‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ a = b = 8 :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪c = a 2 + b2 = 4 :‬‬

‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪X = x −1‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ‪:‬‬
‫= =‪e‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ ‪= 2 :‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪Y‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪a2‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ )‪ (H‬ﻫﺬﻟﻮﻝ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ﻫﻮ ‪ Ω(1,3) :‬ﻭ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺓ ‪ . F(0,4) :‬ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻬﺎ ‪(∆): Y = = 2 :‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪X2‬‬ ‫‪Y2‬‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪= −1‬‬
‫)‪( 8) ( 8‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺓ ‪ . F(0, −4) :‬ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻬﺎ ‪(∆): Y = − = −2 :‬‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪JJG JJG‬‬
‫‪JJG JJG‬‬
‫(‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ‪. Ω,e1,e2‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ‪. Ω,e1,e2 :‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ a = b = 8 :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﺎﻥ ‪ A 0, 8 :‬ﻭ‬
‫‪JJG JJG‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺀ ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﺳﻔﻠﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬
‫‪ A ' 0,− 8‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ‪ Ω,e1,e2‬ﺃﻱ ‪ A 1,3 + 8 :‬ﻭ‬‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪JJG JJG‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪ A ' 3,3 − 8‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ‪. Ω,e1,e2‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ‪ P(z) = 4 − 6i :‬ﺗﻜﺎﻓﺊ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪JJG JJG‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ‪: Ω,e1,e2‬‬
‫‪z − (2 + 6i)z − 4 + 6i = 0‬‬ ‫و ‪(D'): Y = −X‬‬ ‫‪(D): Y = X‬‬
‫ﻣﻤﻴﺰﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﻫﻮ ‪. ∆ ' = (1 + 3i) + 4 − 6i = −4 = (2i)2 :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪JJG JJG‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ‪: O,e1,e 2 :‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺟﺬﺭﺍﻫﺎ ‪ z1 = 1 + 3i − 2i = 1 + i :‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻭ ‪(D'): y − 3 = 1− x‬‬ ‫‪(D): y − 3 = x −1‬‬
‫‪z2 = 1 + 3i + 2i = 1 + 5i‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
 ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ tan(arg(w)) = −‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺜﻞ ‪:‬‬
‫‪239‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ sin(arg(w)) = −‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪<0‬‬
‫‪169 2‬‬
‫‪ 1 ‬‬
‫‪arg(w) ≡ −Arc tan ‬‬
‫] [ ‪ 239 ‬‬
‫‪2π‬‬

‫‪π‬‬
‫≡ )‪arg(w) ≡ −β [2π] arg(u‬‬ ‫‪−α‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ‪[2π] :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺝ( ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ )‪ (1‬ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫]‪arg(u 4 v) ≡ arg(4w) [2π‬‬
‫}‪S = {1 + i,1 + 5i‬‬
‫‪π‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺣﻠﻮﻟﻬﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪ . 2π − 4α + ≡ −β [2π] :‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﺃ( ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺣﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ ‪u 4 = 476 − 480i :‬‬
‫≡‪4α − β‬‬ ‫)‪[2π] (2‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪ . u 4 v = 956 − 4i = 4(239 − i) :‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ‪:‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪u 4 v = 4w‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪0 < < 1 ⇒ 0 < α < ⇒ 0 < 4α < π‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫<‪0‬‬ ‫ﻭ < ‪< 1 <⇒ 0 < β‬‬ ‫= ))‪sin(arg(u‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ tan(arg(u)) = 5 :‬ﻭ ‪> 0‬‬
‫‪239‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪26‬‬
‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪− < 4α − β < π :‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪arg(u) ≡ Arc tan (5) ≡ −α [2π] :‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪6‬‬
 ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫= )‪( ∀x > 0) u '(x‬‬
‫‪2 x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫=‬
‫‪2x x‬‬
‫‪x −2‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ )‪ (2‬ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ‪(∃k ∈ ]) 4α − β = + k2π :‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫ﻭ ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ u '(x) > 0 ⇔ x > 4 :‬ﻭ ‪u '(x) = 0 ⇔ x = 4‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺰﺩﻭﺟﺔ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻧﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺃﻥ )‪ u(4‬ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪. u‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪π π‬‬
‫‪ − < + k2π < π‬ﺃﻱ ‪ − < k < :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪k = 0 :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4 4‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪( ∀x > 0) u(x) ≥ u(4) = 2 − ln4 = 2(1− ln2) > 0 :‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ 4α − β= :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻷﻥ ‪ 1− ln(2) = ln(e) − ln(2) :‬ﻭ ‪ e > 2‬ﻭ ‪ ln‬ﺗﺰﺍﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪ 1  π‬‬
‫) ‪(∀x ∈ \ *+‬‬ ‫‪x − ln x > 0‬‬ ‫‪4Arc tan   − Arc tan ‬‬ ‫=‪‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ 5 ‬‬ ‫‪ 239  4‬‬

‫‪ (3‬ﺃ( ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ gn‬ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻭﺗﺰﺍﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻝ [∞‪I =]0, +‬‬
‫‪: Éia‹Ûa@åí‹ànÛa‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ gn‬ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻧﺤﻮ )‪. g n (I‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ‪: (1‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫\ = )‪gn (I‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺼﻮﺹ ‪ 0‬ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﻭﺣﻴﺪﺍ ‪ α n‬ﺏ ‪ gn‬ﻓﻲ ‪. I‬‬ ‫‪ ( ∀x > 0) g n '(x) = n +‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪g n‬‬‫‪ (1‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪> 0 :‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪ 1 ‬‬ ‫ﺗﺰﺍﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ [∞‪ ]0,+‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺗﻐﻴﺮﺍﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ gn ‬ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ‪(2‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪= n − ln(n) > 0 :‬‬
‫‪ n ‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪ gn   = 1− 2ln(n) < 0 :‬ﻷﻥ ‪ . n ≥ 3 :‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ n ‬‬
‫‪ 1‬‬ ‫‪ 1‬‬
‫‪gn   < gn (α n ) < gn  ‬‬
‫‪ n‬‬ ‫‪ n ‬‬

‫‪ (2‬ﻟﻨﺪﺭﺱ ﺗﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ . x 6 u(x) = x − ln x :‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫‪7‬‬
 ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫< ‪< αn‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪1− 3x‬‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ g n‬ﺗﺰﺍﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫= ‪− x  e−x =  x−1 −1 x e−x‬‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪f '(x) =  x‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬
‫‪ 3‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪3x‬‬
‫‪lim α n = 0‬‬ ‫‪ 1‬‬ ‫‪ 1‬‬
‫‪1− 3x‬‬ ‫∞‪n→+‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ lim   = lim   = 0 :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫= )‪( ∀x > 0) f '(x‬‬ ‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪n→+∞  n ‬‬ ‫‪n→+∞ ‬‬‫‪ n ‬‬
‫‪3x‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫ﺏ( ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ' ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ‪ x 6 −3x +1 :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫) ‪ (1 (I‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪= lim+ 3 2 e−x = +∞ :‬‬
‫)‪f(x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪: f‬‬ ‫‪lim+‬‬
‫‪x→0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x→0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻻ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻹﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﻓﻲ ‪ 0‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ‬

‫ﻧﺼﻒ ﻣﻤﺎﺱ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺗﻴﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ O‬ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ‪.‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪lim f(x) = lim‬‬ ‫‪=0‬‬
‫ﻷﻥ ‪:‬‬ ‫∞‪x→+‬‬ ‫‪x→+∞ ex‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪: f‬‬ ‫‪lim‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪= lim‬‬ ‫‪=0‬‬
‫‪x→+∞ e‬‬ ‫‪x→+∞ 3 2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬

‫)‪ (C‬ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻓﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﺑﺎ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺠﻮﺍﺭ ∞‪. +‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬

‫‪ (3‬ﺃ( ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻟﻜﻞ ‪: x > 0‬‬

‫‪8‬‬
 1 
2 I =  ,1 (II )
( ∀x ∈ I ) |f '(x)|≤  3 
3 : ‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻭﺗﻨﺎﻗﺼﻴﺔ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ‬f ‫( ﺃ( ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺠﺰﺓ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻓﺈﻥ‬1
  1 
f(I) = f(1),f   : ‫ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬I ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺝ( ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬   3 

1 1 1
: ‫ ﺇﺫﻥ‬f(1) = > ‫ ﻭ‬f   < 0,5 < 1 : ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
x > 0 e 3  3 
 x > 0 

 x > 0 
 ⇔  1 ⇔1 1 1
< f(1) < f   < 1

 f(x) = x 
 −x  ln(x) − x = ln(x)  3 
x e = x  3
3
3


x > 0 x > 0
 f(I) ⊂ I
⇔ ⇔ ⇔ x = α3 : ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬

ln(x) − 3x = 3ln(x)  g
 3
 (x) = 0
1− 3x
v(x) = ‫∀ ( ﺑﺤﻴﺚ‬x ∈ I ) f '(x) = v(x)f(x) : ‫ﺏ( ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
3x
1
. ‫ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬: u 0 = ∈ I : ‫ ( ﺃ( ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺟﻊ‬2 : ‫ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬: ‫ )ﻷﻥ‬I ‫ﻭ ﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻣﺘﺨﺎﻃﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺼﻴﺔ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
3
  1   2  −3 1
( ∀n ∈ ` ) u n ∈ I ⇒ u n+1 = f(u n ) ∈ f(I) ⊂ I ⇒ u n+1 ∈ I v(I) =  v(1), v   = − ,0 : ‫( ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬ = −3 < 0
  3   3  3 0

( ∀n ∈ ` ) u n ∈ I 2
: ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬ : ‫∀ ( ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ‬x ∈ I ) |v(x)|≤ : ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺼﻮﺹ‬
3
(‫( ﺃ‬3 ‫ ﻭﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ‬. f(α 3 ) = α 3 : ‫( ﺝ( ﻓﺈﻥ‬1 ‫ﺏ( ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ‬
( ∀x ∈ I ) |f(x)|≤ 1
1 1 2
. α 3 ∈ I : ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬ < α3 < : ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ( ∀x ∈ I ) |f '(x)|=|v(x)||f(x)|≤ : ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬
3 3 3
|u n+1 −α 3 |=|f(u n ) − f(α 3 )| : n ∈ ` ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬

9
 ‫ﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﺏ( ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ I‬ﻭ ﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ ‪ u n‬ﻭ ‪ α 3‬ﻋﻨﺼﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫‪n +1‬‬ ‫‪n +2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2 2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺒﺮﻫﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻳﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻬﻴﺔ ﻳﻮ ﺟﺪ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ‪c n‬‬
‫‪|u n+1 −α 3 |≤ |u n −α 3 |≤  ‬‬ ‫‪=  ‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3  3 ‬‬ ‫‪ 3 ‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ u n‬ﻭ ‪ α 3‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ‪:‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪n +1‬‬ ‫) ‪f(u n ) − f(α 3 ) = f '(c n )(u n −α n‬‬
‫‪( ∀n ∈ ` ) |u n −α 3 |≤  ‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪ 2 ‬‬
‫‪n +1‬‬ ‫| ‪|u n+1 −α 3 |=|f '(c n )||u n −α n |≤ |u n −α n‬‬
‫ﻭﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﻭﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 0‬ﻷﻥ ‪< 1 :‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺩ( ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪ 3 ‬‬ ‫ﻷﻥ ‪c n ∈ I :‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﺔ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫| ‪( ∀n ∈ `)|u n+1 −α 3 |≤ |u n −α n‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ (u n )n≥0‬ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﻭ ‪lim u n = α 3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫∞‪n→+‬‬

‫ﺝ( ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺟﻊ ‪:‬‬

‫‪8x‬‬ ‫ﻷﺟﻞ ‪ n = 0 :‬ﻳﻜﻔﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫)[∞‪( ∀x ∈ [0, +‬‬ ‫∫ = )‪F(x‬‬ ‫‪f(t)dt‬‬ ‫) ‪(III‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪1 2‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺃ( ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ [∞‪ [0, +‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ ‪ G‬ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪α3 −‬‬ ‫≤‬
‫‪3 3‬‬
‫[∞‪ [0, +‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫< ‪< α3‬‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪( ∀x ∈ [0, +∞[) F(x) = G(8x) − G(x‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ F‬ﻛﻔﺮﻕ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﺍﻝ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻹﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3 −1 2‬‬
‫≤ ‪ α 3 −‬ﻷﻥ ‪3 < 3 :‬‬ ‫= ‪−‬‬ ‫<‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3 3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫[∞‪.[0, +‬‬ ‫‪n +1‬‬
‫‪ 2 ‬‬
‫ﺏ( ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻟﻜﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ [∞‪: [0, +‬‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺘﺮﺽ ﺃﻥ ‪ |u n −α 3 |≤   :‬ﻷﺟﻞ ` ∈ ‪. n‬‬
‫‪ 3 ‬‬
‫)‪F '(x) = 8G'(8x) − G'(x) = 8f(8x) − f(x‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
 ‫ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ f ≥ 0‬ﻋﻠﻰ ] ‪ [ x,8x‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ F(x) ≥ 0 :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪F '(x) = 16 3 x e−8x − 3 xe−x = 3 xe−x (16e−7x −1) :‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫‪( ∀x ∈ \ ) 0 ≤ F(x) ≤ 2f(x)(1− e‬‬ ‫‪−7x‬‬
‫)‬ ‫)‪( ∀x ∈ [0, +∞[) F '(x) = 3 x e−x (16e−7x −1‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪−7x‬‬
‫‪lim (1− e‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪) = 1 :‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ‪lim f(x) = 0 :‬‬ ‫)‪4ln(2‬‬
‫∞‪x→+‬‬ ‫∞‪x→+‬‬
‫‪( ∀x ∈ [0, +∞[) F '(x) = 0 ⇔ x = 0‬‬ ‫= ‪ x‬ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ lim (2f(x)(1− e−7x )) = 0 :‬ﻭﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺰﺩﻭﺟﺔ‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫∞‪x→+‬‬
‫)‪4ln(2‬‬
‫‪lim F(x) = 0‬‬
‫< ‪( ∀x ∈ [0, +∞[) F '(x) > 0 ⇔ 16e−7x > 1 ⇔ x‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫∞‪x→+‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ‪: F‬‬
‫ﺝ( ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪: F‬‬ ‫‪ 4ln 2 ‬‬
‫‪0,‬‬ ‫* ‪ F‬ﺗﺰﺍﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ :‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪7 ‬‬
‫‪ 4ln 2‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫* ‪ F‬ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺼﻴﺔ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪, +∞  :‬‬
‫‪ 7‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪ 4ln 2 ‬‬
‫‪ F ‬ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻗﺼﻮﻯ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪. F‬‬
‫‪ 7 ‬‬
‫*‬

‫‪ ( 2‬ﺃ( ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪. x ∈ \ + :‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ x ≤ 8x :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬

‫)]‪( ∀t ∈ [x,8x‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪t ≤ 3 8x = 2 3 x‬‬
‫‪8x‬‬ ‫‪8x‬‬
‫∫ = )‪F(x‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫∫ ‪t e−t dt ≤ 2 3 x‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪e−t dt :‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪−t 8x‬‬
‫) ‪= 2 3 x −e  = 2 3 x (e−x − e−8x‬‬
‫‪x‬‬

‫) ‪= 2 3 x e−x (1− e−7x ) = 2f(x)(1− e−7x‬‬

‫‪11‬‬