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भारतीय मानक IS 12444 : 2020

Indian Standard

विद्युतीय अनुप्रयोगों के लिए तांबा


तार छड़ें — विशिष्टि
( पहला पनु रीक्षण )

Copper Wire Rods for Electrical


Applications — Specification
( First Revision )

ICS 29.060.10; 77.150.30

© BIS 2020

भारतीय मानक ब्रयू ो


B U R E A U O F I N D I A N S TA N D A R D S
मानक भवन, 9 बहादरु शाह ज़फर मार्ग, नई िदल्ली – 110002
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI-110002
         www.bis.gov.in  
www.standardsbis.in

October 2020  Price Group 3


Copper and Copper Alloys Sectional Committee, MTD 08

FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized
by the Copper and Copper Alloys Sectional Committee had been approved by the Metallurgical Engineering
Division Council.
This standard was first published in 1988. While reviewing this standard, in the light of experience gained during
these years, the Committee decided to revise it to bring in line with the present manufacturing and trade practices
being followed in the country in this field.
In this revision following modifications have been made:
a) Requirements of oxygen free copper wire rods (OFC) have been added;
b) Packing clause has been modified as per customer’s requirements;
c) Wire rod up to 35 mm nominal diameter has been included;
d) Chemical composition (sulphur percent) have been modified for ETP grade;
e) Amendment 1 and 2 have been incorporated;
f) Title and scope have been modified;
g) 5.2 and 6.1 have been modified;
h) New clause on electrical properties has been added;
j) Requirement of oxide on rod surface has been added in 7.2;
k) Tolerances on dimensions have been revised in 6; and
m) Elongation percent for ETP grade has been modified.
The composition of the Committee and the Panel responsible for the formulation of this standard is given
at Annex A.
For the purpose of whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with the final value, observed or
calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 ‘Rules
for rounding off numerical values ( revised )’. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value
should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
IS 12444 : 2020

Indian Standard
COPPER WIRE RODS FOR ELECTRICAL
APPLICATIONS — SPECIFICATION
( First Revision )
1 SCOPE Table 1 Chemical Composition
This standard covers the requirements of copper ( Clause 5.1 )
wire rods for electrical applications having nominal
cross-sectional diameter over 6 mm to 35 mm. The Element Content
requirements of Electrolytic Tough Pitch (ETP) and Copper, Min (ETP) (OFC)
Oxygen Free Copper (OFC) types of copper wire rods 99.90 percent 99.95 percent
are covered in this standard. (by difference) (by difference)
(1) (2) (3)
2 REFERENCES
Tellurium, Max 2 ppm 2 ppm
The following standards contain provisions, which Selenium, Max 2 ppm 2 ppm
through reference in this text, constitute provision of Bismuth, Max 1.0 ppm 1.0 ppm
this standard. At the time of publication, the editions
Group total, 3 ppm 3 ppm
indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision (Se+Te+Bi), Max
and parties to agreement based on this standard are
Antimony, Max 4 ppm 4 ppm
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the
most recent editions of the standards indicated below: Arsenic, Max 5 ppm 5 ppm
Tin, Max 5 ppm 5 ppm
IS No. Title Lead, Max 5 ppm 5 ppm
440 : 1964 Methods of chemical analysis of Iron, Max 5 ppm 5 ppm
copper (first revision)
Nickel, Max 10 ppm 10 ppm
1387 : 1993 General requirements for the supply Sulphur, Max 15 ppm 15 ppm
of metallurgical materials (second
Silver, Max 25 ppm 25 ppm
revision)
Oxygen 150-450 ppm 10 ppm (Max)
1608 (Part 1) : Metallic materials — Tensile
2018/ testing: Part 1 Method of test at Maximum allowable 65 ppm (not 65 ppm (not
total impurities including oxygen) including oxygen)
ISO 6892-1 : room temperature ( fourth revision)
2016
5.2 The chemical composition shall be determined
3288 (Part 3) : Glossary of terms relating to copper either by the method specified in IS 440 or any other
1986 and copper alloys: Part 3 Wrought established instrumental/chemical method. In case of
forms dispute the procedure specified in IS 440 for chemical
3635 : 1966 Methods of test for resistance analysis, shall be the referee method. However, when
of metallic electrical resistance the method is not given in IS 440, the referee method
material shall be as agreed to between the purchaser and the
manufacturer. The method for determination of oxygen
shall be as agreed to between the supplier and the
3 TERMINOLOGY
purchaser.
For the purpose of this standard definitions given in
IS 3288 (Part 3) shall apply. 5.3 Alternatively the test method specified in relevant
ISO/IEC Standard maybe used.
4 SUPPLY OF MATERIAL
General requirements relating to the supply of material 6 DIMENSION AND TOLERANCES
shall conform to IS 1387.
6.1 Dimension
5 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION The diameter of the wire rod that can be supplied under
this specification is over 6 mm and up to and including
5.1 The material shall have chemical composition as
35 mm. The diameter shall be determined by ratchet
given in Table 1.

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IS 12444 : 2020

thimble micrometer or suitable measuring device with and apply required current as per the rod diameter and
least count of at least 0.01 mm. height of the test sample immersed in the electrolyte.
The diameter is to be measured after discarding Current shall be supplied from a d.c. power supply.
approximately 2.5 m length from the end of the coil. Take a clean rod as a test sample and make it cathodic
with respect to an anode (either a platinum wire or
6.2 Tolerances an equivalent inert electrode). Ensure that the sample
6.2.1 The wire rod shall have nominal diameter from is straightened and has no physical mark and is free
6 mm to 35 mm within the permissible variation as from oil, grease and dust. Each of the oxides found
given in Table 2. Three measurements at 60º angular on copper, namely cuprous and cupric, are reduced
displacement shall be made around circumference at sequentially to copper at different reduction potentials.
two places 4 meters apart. The average of these six When the reactions between the oxides and hydrogen
readings shall be considered as the diameter of the wire ions are complete, gaseous hydrogen is evolved from
rod. No individual reading should exceed the tolerance the surface of the copper rod sample and may be seen
limit. visually.
Surface oxide shall be calculated as follows:
Table 2 Tolerance of Diameter
T=I×t×M/(S×d×F×n)
( Clause 6.2.1 )
Where,
(All values in mm)
T= Oxide thickness, in cm;
Diameter Diameter Maximum
Tolerance Ovality I= Current, in A;
Over Up to t= Time of reaction, in sec;
Including M= Molecular weight of oxide, in gm;
(1) (2) (3) (4) S= Surface area of the immersed sample, in cm2;
6 9 ± 0.38 0.38 d= Oxide density, in g/cm3 ( 6.0 g/cm3 for Cu2O
9 12.5 ± 0.50 0.50 and 6.4 g/cm3 for CuO );
12.5 21 ± 0.60 0.60 F = Faraday constant, 96 500 C; and
21 35 ± 0.80 0.80 n = Hydrogen equivalent = 2.

8 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
6.2.2 Ovality of the Wire Rod
The measurement shall be carried out in accordance 8.1 Tensile Test
with 6.1. Measurement shall be done at two places 4 When tested in accordance with IS 1608 (Part 1) for
meters apart, and at each point, 4 readings at 45º to tensile strength and elongation, the material shall meet
each other shall be taken. Ovality shall be measured by the requirements as given in Table 3.
obtaining the difference in a pair of readings taken at Table 3 Tensile Properties
90º to each other.
( Clause 8.1 )
7 FREEDOM FROM SURFACE DEFECTS
Diameter Tensile Strength Elongation on Gauge
7.1 The surface of the wire rod shall be fairly smooth, (mm) (MPa, Length of 250 mm,
min) Percent, Min
untarnished, free from inclusions or foreign particles,
indentation, twists, entanglements, etc.
Over Up to and ETP OFC ETP OFC
7.2 Surface Oxide including
The oxide on rod surface (surface oxide) shall not be (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
more than 600 Angstrom when determined by surface 6 9 210 170 35 35
oxide determinator or any equivalent measuring 9 12.5 205 165 40 38
equipment, working on the principle of eletrolytic
12.5 21 200 160 42 40
reduction method. This test shall be performed by
reducing the surface oxide(s) to copper in an electrolytic 21 35 195 155 44 40
cell containing 0.1 M Na2CO3 solution as electrolyte at NOTES:
a current density of 0.30 mA/cm2. Thus, the current to 1 1 MPa = 1 MN/m² = 1 N/mm² = 0.102 kgf/mm²
be applied depends upon the total surface area of the 2 Gauge length 250 mm and speed of the machine should not
rod immersed in the solution. Accordingly, calculate be more than 300 mm/ min.

2
IS 12444 : 2020

8.2 Surface Test (Compression Test) 9.2.1.3 Electrical conductivity is calculated as follows:
This test shall be carried out if requested by the % Electrical conductivity =
purchaser. A sample of wire rod, from a rolled coil,
of length twice the diameter of the wire rod is to be Std. mass resistivity (Y Std) × 100
——————————————— = ...… % IACS
cut and then hammered till its length becomes half of Calculated mass resistivity (Y cal)
the original length. The curved surface for example,
periphery after test, shall not show any crack or defect where, standard mass resistivity (Y std) of copper
on the surface when viewed with normal vision. For at 20°C = 0.15328.
OFC rod, test sample to be annealed (at 275 ± 1°C for
15 min at constant temperature and quenched 9.2.2 In case of dispute, Samples for the resistivity test
immediately into water at ambient temperature). shall be prepared in the form of wire of approximately
2.0 mm diameter, which shall be annealed at a
9 ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES temperature of 500 ± 10°C for not less than 30 min.

9.1 Copper wire rods shall have electrical properties at 10 SAMPLING AND CRITERIA FOR
20°C as mentioned in Table 4. CONFORMITY
Table 4 Electrical Properties
10.1 Unless otherwise agreed between the purchaser
( Clause 9.1 ) and the supplier, following sampling plan (as given in
Table 5) to be followed:
Copper Volume Mass Electrical
at 20°C Resistivity, Resistivity, Conductivity, Table 5 Sampling Plan for Test
µΩ.m Max. Ω g/m2 Max. Percent IACS Min. ( Clause 10.1 )
(1) (2) (3) (4)
ETP 0.01724 0.15328 100 Sampling Plan

OFC 0.01707 0.15176 101 Test Weight of Copper Wire Rod (Metric
Ton) to be Considered as One Lot
(1) (2)
9.2 Resistivity Test
Oxygen 35
9.2.1 Resistance measurements may be determined Surface oxide 35
by direct measurement on specimens of the rod after
Chemical 300
cleaning, but without further processing and annealing.
Resistance shall be measured with the instrument that has Electrical 300
a resistance measurement capability of ± 0.15 percent Mechanical 300
accuracy. The length of sample selected for the test
shall be sufficient to give the accuracy required and 10.1.1 In any consignment, all the coils of wire rod of
shall be suitable for the method of testing employed. same size, manufactured from same raw material under
In the case of dispute refer to 9.2.2. similar condition of production at the same place, shall
be grouped together to constitute a lot.
9.2.1.1 Testing of copper wire rod for volume resistivity
requirements shall be done as per IS 3635. 10.1.2 Each coil of wire rod shall be examined for
freedom from defects and for tolerance on diameter.
9.2.1.2 Mass resistivity
Any coil found defective shall be rejected.
For mass resistivity measure resistance of the test
sample as per IS 3635. Measure the weight of the test 10.1.3 If the test result of chemical analysis as obtained
sample and calculate mass resistivity as follows: for each of the elements satisfy the corresponding
requirements, the coil shall be considered as
Mass resistivity (Y cal) = ( W/ L1 L2) × RT Ohm. gms/m2 conforming to the chemical composition requirements
W = Weight of the test specimen, in gms; of this specification.
L1 = Length of the test specimen, in m;
10.1.4 The coil shall be considered as conforming to
L2 = Length of the test specimen between potential the requirements of ‘test’ parameters if the test results
points, in m; of samples satisfy the corresponding requirements.
RT = Measured resistance at 20°C, in Ω;
10.2 Retest
RT = Rt / [1+0.00393(t-20)];
Rt = Resistance as measured at temperature t; 10.2.1 If the test result of chemical analysis fails to
and satisfy the requirement for any element, two more
t = Temperature at which measurement is made. tests for that element, shall be done on the same
sample in order to confirm that the analysis has been

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IS 12444 : 2020

done properly. If both the test results satisfy the 12 TEST CERTIFICATE
relevant requirements, the coil shall be considered as
The manufacturer/ supplier shall provide test certificate
conforming to the chemical composition requirements
for each consignment giving information like coil
of this specification, otherwise not.
number, dimension, freedom from surface defects,
10.2.2 If the test result on any sample fail in the surface oxide layer thickness, chemical composition,
requirements of any of the chemical, mechanical or tensile test and conductivity test results. Any additional
electrical properties, two more tests shall be done requirement by the buyer shall be provided by the
on samples taken from the same coil. If both the test manufacturer as per the agreed terms and conditions.
results satisfy the relevant requirements, the coil shall
be considered as conforming to the corresponding 13 MARKING
requirements of this specification, otherwise not.
13.1 Suitable tags with marking made on them to show
11 PACKING the name of the manufacturer, size and type of the wire
rod, coil number and coil weight shall be attached with
11.1 The material shall be packed in coils. The weight each coil of the material.
of each coil shall be as agreed upon between the
13.2 BIS Certification Marking
manufacturer and the purchaser.
The product(s) conforming to the requirements of
11.2 The coils shall be wrapped with suitable wrapping this standard may be certified as per the conformity
sheet. The quality and application of the wrapping assessment schemes under the provisions of the Bureau
material shall be adequate to protect the wire rod coils of Indian Standards Act, 2016 and the Rules and
from damage, rain, incidental to normal handling and Regulations framed thereunder, and the products may
shipment. be marked with the Standard Mark.

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IS 12444 : 2020

ANNEX A
( Foreword )

COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Copper and Copper Alloys, MTD 08

Organization Representative(s)
Indian Copper Development Centre, Kolkata Dr D. De. Sarkar (Chairman)
Shri Indrajit Mukherjee (Alternate)
Agarwal Metal Works Pvt Ltd, Rewari, Haryana Shri D. K. Jain
Shri Umang Jain (Alternate)
Bharat Heavy Electrical Ltd, Hyderabad Shri Mallesh P.
Shri A. N. Sudhakar (Alternate)
Birla Copper Ltd, Bharuch, Gujarat Shri Jayanta Rana Singh
Shri Pappulal Dhobi (Alternate)
DGQA, Ministry of Defence, New Delhi Shri P. C. Jha
Shri G. Raghuram (Alternate)
DMRL (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Hyderabad Dr S. Nagarajuna
Shri U. Chinta Babu (Alternate)
Eastern Copper Manufacturing Co Pvt Ltd, Kolkata Shri Ravi Choudhary
Hindustan Copper Limited, Kolkata Shri Ramananda Adhikari
Shri J. Bhattacharya (Alternate)
Indian Electrical & Electronics Manufacturers Chairman
Association (IEEMA), Mumbai Shri Uttam Kumar (Alternate)
Indoswe Engineers Pvt Ltd, Pune Shri U. K. Jatia
Shri S. N. Bansode (Alternate)
International Copper Association India (ICAI), Shri Mayur Karmakar
Mumbai Shri Debdas Goswami (Alternate)
Larsen & Tourbo (L&T) Ltd, Mumbai Shri Indranil Roy
Shri Barundev Lahiri (Alternate)
Ministry of Railways (RDSO), Lucknow Shri Hari Narayan
Shri Santosh Kumar (Alternate)
Ordnance Factory Board, Kolkata Shri P. P. Jagdale
Shri B. V. Rao (Alternate)
Rapsri Engineering Industries Ltd, Bengaluru Dr P. Sriram
Shri K. U. B. Praveen (Alternate)
Saru Copper Alloy Semis Pvt Ltd, Meerut Shri Sanjeev Jain
Shri Nitish Jain (Alternate)
Sterlite Industries India Pvt Ltd, Thoothukudi, Shri T. Varun
Tamil Nadu Ms Meenakshi Sabharwal (Alternate)
Vanaz Engineers Pvt Ltd, Pune Shri Rajendra D. Chaudhari
Shri A. V. Jagtap (Alternate)
BIS Directorate General Shri N. Suryanarayana, Scientist ‘E’ and Head (MTD)
[ Representing Director General ( Ex-officio ) ]

Member Secretary
Shri Akshay Kaushik,
Scientist ‘B’ (MTD), BIS

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IS 12444 : 2020

Panel for revision of IS 12444, MTD 08/P1

Organization Representative(s)
Sterlite Industries India Pvt Ltd, Thoothukudi, Ms Meenakshi Sabharwal (Convener)
Tamil Nadu
Hindustan Copper Limited, Kolkata Shri S. V. Shenoy
Birla Copper Ltd, Bharuch Gujarat Shri Jayant Rana Singh
International Copper Association India (ICAI), Shri Sanjeev Ranjan
Mumbai
Ram Ratna Wires Ltd, Mumbai Shri Vijay Chandak

6
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development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to
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Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of
‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards: Monthly Additions’.
This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: MTD 08 (12544).

Amendments Issued Since Publication


Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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