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Explain C Operators With Examples

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7 views3 pages

Explain C Operators With Examples

Uploaded by

muhammadaflah23524
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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C operators are symbols that perform specific operations on variables, constants, and

expressions. They play a vital role in manipulating data and controlling program flow. Here's a
breakdown of the main C operators with examples:

1. Arithmetic Operators:

● Perform basic mathematical calculations.


● Operators: + (addition), - (subtraction), * (multiplication), / (division), % (modulo - remainder
after division).

Examples:

```c
int x = 10, y = 5;
int sum = x + y; // sum will be 15
int difference = x - y; // difference will be 5
int product = x * y; // product will be 50
int quotient = x / y; // quotient will be 2 (integer division
truncates decimals)
int remainder = x % y; // remainder will be 0
```

2. Assignment Operators:

● Assign a value to a variable.


● Operators: = (simple assignment), +=, -=, *=, /=, %= (compound assignment - perform
operation and assign result).

Examples:

```c
int count = 0;
count += 5; // Equivalent to count = count + 5; (count becomes 5)
float price = 10.5;
price *= 1.1; // Equivalent to price = price * 1.1; (price becomes
11.55)
```

3. Comparison Operators:

● Compare values and return true (1) or false (0) based on the condition.
● Operators: == (equal to), != (not equal to), < (less than), > (greater than), <= (less than or
equal to), >= (greater than or equal to).

Examples:

```c
int age = 21;
bool isAdult = age >= 18; // isAdult will be true (1)
char initial = 'A';
bool isFirstLetter = initial == 'A'; // isFirstLetter will be true (1)
```

4. Logical Operators:

● Combine Boolean expressions (true or false).


● Operators: && (AND), || (OR), ! (NOT).
● AND: Both conditions must be true for the expression to be true.
● OR: At least one condition must be true for the expression to be true.
● NOT: Inverts the truth value of the expression.

Examples:

```c
int score = 85, attendance = 90;
bool passed = score >= 70 && attendance >= 80; // passed will be true
(1)
char grade = 'A';
bool isExcellent = grade == 'A' || grade == 'B'; // isExcellent will
be true (1)
bool notFailing = !(score < 50); // notFailing will be true (1)
```

5. Bitwise Operators:

● Perform operations on individual bits within a variable (often used for low-level programming).
● Operators: & (bitwise AND), | (bitwise OR), ^ (bitwise XOR), ~ (bitwise NOT), << (left shift),
>> (right shift).

Example:

```c
int flags = 0x0F; // Hexadecimal representation of binary 00001111
int mask = 0x03; // Hexadecimal representation of binary 00000011
int result = flags & mask; // result will be 0x03 (binary 00000011 -
AND each bit)
```

6. Increment/Decrement Operators:

● Increase or decrease the value of a variable by 1.


● Operators: ++ (increment), -- (decrement).
● Pre-increment (++x) increments the value and then uses it in the expression.
● Post-increment (x++) uses the current value and then increments it. Similar logic applies for
decrement.

Example:

```c
int count = 0;
count++; // count becomes 1 (post-increment)
int value = count++; // value becomes 1 (uses current value of count,
then increments)
count = ++count

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