HCIA-AI V3.0 Exam Outline.

pdf

Public examination – HCIA-AI (exam code H13-311)

After this module, students are eligible to apply Huawei’s HCIA-AI examination
which requires 600 marks in order to get pass (total marks 1000). Huawei will
sponsor a free voucher for each student provided that student passes the Huawei
official mock examination.
The exam has 60 questions and the time you have to finish it is 90 minutes. The
questions are structured in single choice, multiple choice and true or false. The
minimum score to pass is 600.

https://e.huawei.com/en/talent/#/

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AI Overview
 Foreword

⚫ Mankind is welcoming the fourth industrial revolution represented by intelligent technology. New
technologies such as AI, IoT, 5G and bioengineering are integrated into all aspects of human society;
driving changes in global macro trends, such as sustainable social development and economic growth.
New kinetic energy, smart city upgrading, industrial digital transformation, consumer experience, etc.
⚫ As the world‘s leading provider of ICT (information and communications) infrastructure and smart
terminals, Huawei actively participates in the transformation of artificial intelligence and proposes
Huawei’s full-stack full-scenario AI strategy. This chapter will mainly introduce AI Overview, Technical
Fields and Application Fields of AI, Huawei's AI Development Strategy, AI Disputes, Future Prospects of
AI.

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 Objectives

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

 Understand basic concepts of AI.
 Understand AI technologies and their development history.
 Understand the application technologies and application fields of AI.
 Know Huawei's AI development strategy.
 Know the development trends of AI.

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 Contents

1. AI Overview

2. Technical Fields and Application Fields of AI

3. Huawei's AI Development Strategy

4. AI Disputes

5. Future Prospects of AI

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AI in the Eyes of the Society
⚫ People get to know AI through news, movies, and actual applications in daily life. What is
AI in the eyes of the public?
Self-service security check
Spoken language evaluation
Haidian Park: First AI-themed Park in the World StarCraft The Terminator Music/Movie recommendation
II: AlphaStar Beat Professional Players 2001: A Space Odyssey Smart speaker
AI-created Edmond de Belamy Sold at US$430,000 The Matrix Ai facial fortune-telling
Demand for AI Programmers:↑ 35 Times! Salary: Top 1! I, Robot Vacuum cleaning robot
50% Jobs Will be Replaced by AI in the future Blade Runner Self-service bank terminal
Winter is Coming? AI Faces Challenges Elle Intelligent customer service
… Bicentennial Man Siri
… …
News Movies Applications in daily life
AI Applications AI Control over human beings Security protection
AI industry outlook Fall in love with AI Entertainment
Challenges faced by AI Self-awareness of AI Smart Home
… … Finance
…

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 AI in the Eyes of Researchers
"I propose to consider the question, 'Can machines think?'"

— Alan Turing 1950

The branch of computer science concerned with making computers

behave like humans.

— John McCarthy 1956

The science of making machines do things that would require intelligence

if done by men.

— Marvin Minsky
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What Are Intelligences?
⚫ Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences
⚫ Human intelligences can be divided into seven categories:
 Verbal/Linguistic
 Logical/Mathematical
 Visual/Spatial
 Bodily/Kinesthetic
 Musical/Rhythmic
 Inter-personal/Social
 Intra-personal/Introspective

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What Is AI?
⚫ Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a new technical science that studies and develops theories, methods, techniques,
and application systems for simulating and extending human intelligence. In 1956, the concept of AI was first
proposed by John McCarthy, who defined the subject as "science and engineering of making intelligent
machines, especially intelligent computer program". AI is concerned with making machines work in an
intelligent way, similar to the way that the human mind works. At present, AI has become an interdisciplinary
course that involves various fields.

Brain
science Cognitive
science
Computer
science

AI Psychology
Philosophy

Linguistics
Logic

Identification of concepts related to AI and machine learning

AI Development Report 2020

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Relationship of AI, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning

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Relationship of AI, Machine Learning and Deep Learning
⚫ AI: A new technical science that focuses on the research and development of theories, methods,
techniques, and application systems for simulating and extending human intelligence.
⚫ Machine learning: A core research field of AI. It focuses on the study of how computers can obtain
new knowledge or skills by simulating or performing learning behavior of human beings, and
reorganize existing knowledge architecture to improve its performance. It is one of the core
research fields of AI.
⚫ Deep learning: A new field of machine learning. The concept of deep learning originates from the
research on artificial neural networks. The multi-layer perceptron (MLP) is a type a deep learning
architecture. Deep learning aims to simulate the human brain to interpret data such as images,
sounds, and texts.

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Three Major Schools of Thought: Symbolism
⚫ Basic thoughts
 The cognitive process of human beings is the process of inference and operation of various
symbols.
 A human being is a physical symbol system, and so is a computer. Computers, therefore, can be
used to simulate intelligent behavior of human beings.
 The core of AI lies in knowledge representation, knowledge inference, and knowledge
application. Knowledge and concepts can be represented with symbols. Cognition is the process
of symbol processing while inference refers to the process of solving problems by using heuristic
knowledge and search.

⚫ Representative of symbolism: inference, including symbolic inference and machine

inference
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Three Major Schools of Thought: Connectionism
⚫ Basic thoughts
 The basis of thinking is neurons rather than the process of symbol processing.
 Human brains vary from computers. A computer working mode based on connectionism is proposed to
replace the computer working mode based on symbolic operation.

• Representative of connectionism: neural networks and

deep learning

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Three Major Schools of Thought: Behaviorism
⚫ Basic thoughts:
 Intelligence depends on perception and action. The perception-action mode of intelligent
behavior is proposed.
 Intelligence requires no knowledge, representation, or inference. AI can evolve like human
intelligence. Intelligent behavior can only be demonstrated in the real world through the
constant interaction with the surrounding environment.

⚫ Representative of behaviorism: behavior control, adaptation, and evolutionary computing

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Brief Development History of AI
2016 March: AlphaG o
defeated t he world
2014: Microsoft champion Go player Lee
released the first Sedol by 4-1.
1997: Deep Blue individual intelligent
1985: Decision-
defeated t he world assistant Microsf t
1956: AI was proposed at making tree
1976: Due to failure chess champion Cortana in the world.
the Dartmouth Conference. models with
of projects such as Garry Kasparov.
better
machine t ranslat ion
visualization 2006: Hinton and his
and negat ive impact
ef fect and multi- students st arted deep
of some academic
layer ANNs learning.
reports, the f und for
which broke
AI was decreased 2017 October: The Deep
through t he limit
in general. Mind team released
of early
percept ron. AlphaG o Zero, the
1987: The 2010: The
1959: Arthur Samuel strongest version of
market of LISP era of big
proposed machine AlphaG o.
machines data
learning.
collapsed. came.

1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s

1956-1976 1997-2010
First period of boom Period of recovery
The concept and development target 1976-1982 1982-1987 Computing perf ormance
2010-
of AI were determined at t he First period of Second period was improved and Internet
1987-1997 Period of rapid growth
Dartmouth conf erence. low ebb of boom technologies got
Second period of low New-generation
AI suff ered from Expert syst em popularized quickly.
ebb information technologies
quest ioning and capable of logic Technical f ields f aced triggered transformation of
crit icism due to rule inference bottlenecks, people information environment
insufficient and answering on longer focused on and dat a basis. Multi-
computing quest ions of abstract inference, model data such as
capabilities, high specific fields and models based on massive images, voices,
computing went popular symbol processing and texts emerged
complexity, and and fifth- were rejected. continuously. Computing
great difficulty of generation capabilities were improved.
inference computers
realization. developed.

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Overview of AI Technologies
⚫ AI technologies are multi-layered, covering the application, algorithm mechanism,
toolchain, device, chip, process, and material layers.

Application

Algorithm

Device

Chip

Process

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Types of AI
⚫ Strong AI
 The strong AI view holds that it is possible to create intelligent machines that can really reason
and solve problems. Such machines are considered to be conscious and self-aware, can
independently think about problems and work out optimal solutions to problems, have their
own system of values and world views, and have all the same instincts as living things, such as
survival and security needs. It can be regarded as a new civilization in a certain sense.

⚫ Weak AI
 The weak AI view holds that intelligent machines cannot really reason and solve problems.
These machines only look intelligent, but do not have real intelligence or self-awareness.

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Classification of Intelligent Robots
⚫ Currently, there is no unified definition of AI research. Intelligent robots are generally
classified into the following four types:
 "Thinking like human beings": weak AI, such as Watson and AlphaGo
 "Acting like human beings": weak AI, such as humanoid robot, iRobot, and Atlas of Boston
Dynamics
 "Thinking rationally": strong AI (Currently, no intelligent robots of this type have been created
due to the bottleneck in brain science.)
 "Acting rationally": strong AI

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AI Industry Ecosystem
⚫ The four elements of AI are data, algorithm, computing power, and scenario. To meet requirements of these
four elements, we need to combine AI with cloud computing, big data, and IoT to build an intelligent society.

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Sub-fields of AI

AI Development Report 2020

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 Contents

1. AI Overview

2. Technical Fields and Application Fields of AI

3. Huawei's AI Development Strategy

4. AI Disputes

5. Future Prospects of AI

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Technical Fields and Application Fields of AI

Global AI Development White

Paper 2020
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Distribution of AI Application Technologies in Enterprises Inside
and Outside China
⚫ At present, application directions of AI technologies mainly
include:
 Computer vision: a science of how to make computers "see"
 Speech processing: a general term for various processing
technologies used to research the voicing process, statistical
features of speech signals, speech recognition, machine-based
speech synthesis, and speech perception
 Natural language processing (NLP): a subject that use computer
technologies to understand and use natural language Distribution of AI application technologies in
enterprises inside and outside China

China AI Development Report 2018

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Computer Vision Application Scenario (1)
⚫ Computer vision is the most mature technology among the three AI technologies. The main topics of computer vision
research include image classification, target detection, image segmentation, target tracking,
optical character recognition (OCR), and facial recognition.
⚫ In the future, computer vision is expected to enter the advanced stage of autonomous understanding, analysis, and decision-
making, enabling machines to "see" and bringing greater value to scenarios such as unmanned vehicles and smart homes.
⚫ Application scenarios:

Female, 22 years old

new customer
Female, 23 years old
regular customer

Male, 25 years old Male, 21 years old new

regular customer customer

Electronic attendance Traffic analysis

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Computer Vision Application Scenario (2)
Facial verification passed Facial verification failed

Action analysis Authentication

Infringement Infringement
Plant Food

Smart album
Image search Infringement Infringement

People Building

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Voice Processing Application Scenario (1)
⚫ The main topics of voice processing research include voice recognition, voice synthesis, voice wakeup,
voiceprint recognition, and audio-based incident detection. Among them, the most mature technology is voice
recognition. As for near field recognition in a quite indoor environment, the recognition accuracy can reach
96%.
⚫ Application scenarios:
Question Answering Bot (QABot) Voice navigation

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Voice Processing Application Scenario (2)

Intelligent
education Real-time conference
records

⚫ Other applications:
 Spoken language evaluation
 Diagnostic robot
 Voiceprint recognition
 Smart sound box
 ...

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NLP Application Scenario (1)
⚫ The main topics of NLP research include machine translation, text mining, and sentiment analysis. NLP imposes high requirements
on technologies but confronts low technology maturity. Due to high complexity of semantics, it is hard to reach the human
understanding level using parallel computing based on big data and parallel computing only.

⚫ In future, NLP will achieve more growth: understanding of shallow semantics → automatic extraction of features and understanding
of deep semantics; single-purpose intelligence (ML) → hybrid intelligence (ML, DL, and RL)

⚫ Application scenarios:

Theme Trend
Public opinion mining analysis Evaluation
analysis analysis

Emotional
Public opinion
analysis
analysis

Hotspot
event Information
distribution

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NLP Application Scenario (2)

Text
Machine
classification
translation

⚫ Other applications:
 Knowledge graph
 Intelligent copywriting
 Video subtitle
 ...
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AI Application Field - Intelligent Healthcare

Medicine mining: quick development of personalized medicines by AI assistants

Health management: nutrition, and physical/mental health management

Hospital management: structured services concerning medical records (focus)

Assistance for medical research: assistance for biomedical researchers in research

Virtual assistant: electronic voice medical records, intelligent guidance, intelligent diagnosis, and
medicine recommendation

Medical image: medical image recognition, image marking, and 3D image reconstruction

Assistance for diagnosis and treatment: diagnostic robot

Disease risk forecast: disease risk forecast based on gene sequencing

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AI Application Field - Intelligent Security
⚫ Security protection is considered the easiest field for AI implementation. AI technologies applied in this field are relatively
mature. The field involves massive data of images and videos, laying a sound foundation for training of AI algorithms and
models. Currently, AI technologies are applied to two directions in the security protection field, namely, civil use and police
use.
⚫ Application scenarios:
 Police use: suspect identification, vehicle analysis, suspect tracking, suspect search and comparison, and access control at key places
 Civil use: facial recognition, warning against potential danger, and home protective measure deployment

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AI Application Field - Smart Home
⚫ Based on IoT technologies, a smart home ecosystem is formed with hardware, software, and cloud
platforms, providing users personalized life services and making home life more convenient,
comfortable, and safe.

Control smart home products with Implement home security protection Okay, the
voice processing such as air with computer vision technologies, temperature's set.
conditioning temperature for example, facial or fingerprint Set the temperature to
adjustment, curtain switch control, recognition for unlocking, real-time 26 degrees.
and voice control on the lighting intelligent camera monitoring, and
system. illegal intrusion detection.

Develop user profiles and

recommend content to users with
the help of machine learning and
deep learning technologies and based
on historical records of smart
speakers and smart TVs.

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AI Application Field - Smart City

Social Industry Individual

Public service
management operation application
scenarios
scenarios scenarios scenarios

AI + Security AI + Healthcare AI + Agriculture AI + Life and

protection entertainment

AI + Transportation AI + Government AI + Building AI + Education

AI + Energy AI + Service robot AI + Retail

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AI Application Field - Retail
⚫ AI will bring revolutionary changes to the retail industry. A typical symptom is unmanned supermarkets. For example, Amazon Go, unmanned
supermarket of Amazon, uses sensors, cameras, computer vision, and deep learning algorithms to completely cancel the checkout process,
allowing customers to pick up goods and "just walk out".

⚫ One of the biggest challenges for unmanned supermarket is how to charge the right fees to the right customers. So far, Amazon Go is the only
successful business case and even this case involves many controlled factors. For example, only Prime members can enter Amazon Go. Other
enterprises, to follow the example of Amazon, have to build their membership system first.

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AI Application Field - Autonomous Driving
⚫ The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) in the U.S. defines 6 levels of driving automation ranging from 0
(fully manual) to 5 (fully autonomous). L0 indicates that the driving of a vehicle completely depends on the
driver's operation. The system above L3 can implement the driver's hand-off operation in specific cases, L5
depends on the system when vehicles are driving in all scenarios.
⚫ Currently, only some commercial passenger vehicle models, such as Audi A8, Tesla, and Cadillac, support L2
and L3 Advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS). It is estimated that by 2020, more L3 vehicle models will
emerge with the further improvement of sensors and vehicle-mounted processors. L4 and L5 autonomous
driving is expected to be first implemented on commercial vehicles in closed campuses. A wider range of
passenger vehicles require advanced autonomous driving, which requires further improvement of
technologies, policies, and infrastructure. It is estimated that L4 and L5 autonomous driving will be supported
by common roads in 2025–2030.

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AI Will Change All Industries

Public sector Education Healthcare Media Pharmacy Logistics Finance

• Safe City • Personalization • Early prevention • Real-time • Fast R&D • Routing planning • Doc process
• Intelligent transport • Attention improvement• Diagnosis assistance translation • Precise trial • Monitoring • Real-time fraud prevention
• Disaster prediction • Robot teacher • Precision cure • Abstraction • Targeted medicine • Auto sorting • Up-sell
• Inspection

Retail Manufacturing Telecom Oil and gas Agriculture

Insurance
• Staff-less shops • Defect detection • Customer service • Localization • Fertilization improvement
• Auto detection Remote operation
• Real-time inventory • Industrial internet • Auto O&M • Remote maintenance
• Fraud prevention • Seeds development
• Precise recommendations • Predictive maintenance • Auto optimization • Operation optimization
• Innovative service

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AI: Still in Its Infancy
Ability Example Value Benefits

Capable of storage and Distributed computing and Help human beings store
computing: Machines can neural network and quickly process massive
Computing compute and transfer data, laying a foundation for
information as human beings
Three Phases of AI

intelligence perception and cognition.

do.

Capable of listening and

seeing: Machines can listen Cameras capable of facial Help human beings As-is of AI:
and see, make judgments, recognition and speakers able efficiently finish work
Perceptual and take simple actions. to understand speeches related to listening and initial stage of
intelligence seeing. perceptual
intelligence
Capable of understanding
and thinking: Machines can
understand, think, and make Unmanned vehicles enabling Fully assist in or replace
decisions like human beings. autonomous driving and partial work of human
Cognitive robots acting autonomously beings.
intelligence

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 Contents

1. AI Overview

2. Technical Fields and Application Fields of AI

3. Huawei's AI Development Strategy

4. AI Disputes

5. Future Prospects of AI

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Huawei's Full-Stack, All-Scenario AI Portfolio
AI Applications Application enablement: provides end-to-end
Application
services (ModelArts), layered APIs, and pre-
HiAI Engine ModelArts Enablement integrated solutions.
MindSpore: supports the unified training and
TensorFlow PyTorch PaddlePaddle MindSpore Framework
inference framework that is independent of the
device, edge, and cloud.
Chip
Full Stack CANN Enablement CANN: a chip operator library and highly automated
operator development tool.
IP & Chip
Ascend-Nano Ascend-Tiny Ascend-Lite Ascend Ascend-Mini Ascend-Max IP and Chip
Ascend: provides a series of NPU IPs and chips based
on a unified, scalable architecture.

Atlas: enables an all-scenario AI infrastructure solution

Atlas that is oriented to the device, edge, and cloud based
on the Ascend series AI processors and various product
forms.
All Scenarios

Consumer Device Public Cloud Private Cloud Edge Computing Industrial IoT Device

Huawei's "all AI scenarios" indicate different deployment scenarios for AI, including public clouds, private
clouds, edge computing in all forms, industrial IoT devices, and consumer devices.

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Full Stack - ModelArts Full-Cycle AI Workflow
EI Intelligent Twins

EI Cognition Service AI Service

AI data Algorithm
Training Deployment Market
framework development
Efficient filtering and Out-of-the-box Distributed training, One-click deployment AI sharing platform
semi-automated development shortening training on device, edge, and helps enterprises build
labeling, data environment compatible period from weeks to cloud internal and external
preprocessing with mainstream minutes All-scenario AI ecosystems
frameworks
Data Efficiency improved by deployment
MoXing library, Wizard-based
100 times simplifying model Inference on the
AutoLearning, code-
development Ascend AI processor AI applications
free development,
Built-in model algorithms, enabling model
improving development
training from scratch
efficiency

Visualized Workflow Management

Version management, traceable and worry-free development

ModelArts

AI data framework Visualized workflow Distributed training One-click deployment on Automatic learning AI sharing platform
accelerates data processing management shortens training from device, edge, and cloud enables you to start builds internal and external
by 100 folds. makes development weeks to minutes. supports various deployment from scratch. AI ecosystems for
worry-free. scenarios. enterprises.

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Full Stack — MindSpore (Huawei AI Computing Framework)

⚫ MindSpore provides automatic parallel capabilities. With MindSpore, senior algorithm engineers and data scientists who
focus on data modeling and problem solving can run algorithms on dozens or even thousands of AI computing nodes with
only a few lines of description.
⚫ The MindSpore framework supports both large-scale and small-scale deployment, adapting to independent deployment in
all scenarios. In addition to the Ascend AI processors, MindSpore also supports other processors such as GPUs and CPUs.

AI application ecosystem for all scenarios

MindSpore
Unified APIs for all scenarios

MindSpore intermediate representation (IR) for computational

graph

On-demand collaborative distributed architecture across device-edge-cloud

(deployment, scheduling, and communications)

Processors: Ascend, GPU, and CPU

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Full Stack — CANN
CANN:
A chip operators library and highly automated operator
development toolkit
Optimal development efficiency, in-depth optimization of the
AI applications common operator library, and abundant APIs
Operator convergence, best matching the performance of the
Ascend chip
HiAI Service General APIs Advanced APIs Pre-integrated Solutions
Application
HiAI Engine ModelArts enablement
CANN
Compute Architecture for Neural Networks
Full MindSpore TensorFlow PyTorch PaddlePaddle … Framework
stack
FusionEngine
Processor
CANN enablement
TBE operator CCE Operator
development tool Library
Ascend- Ascend- Ascend- Ascend- Ascend-
Nano Tiny Lite Ascend Mini Max
IP and Chip
CCE Compiler
Public Private Edge Industrial
Consumer device
cloud cloud computing devices

All scenarios

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Full Stack — Ascend 310 AI Processor and Da Vinci Core

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Ascend AI Processors: Infusing Superior Intelligence for
Computing
FLOPS
256T
4

3
125T
Ascend 310 Ascend 910 2 90T
45T
AI SoC with ultimate Most powerful AI 1
energy efficiency processor
Ascend-Mini Ascend 910
Architecture: Da Vinci Ascend-Max
Architecture: Da Vinci
Half-precision (FP16): 8 TFLOPS
Integer precision (INT8): 16 TOPS Half-precision (FP16): 256 TFLOPS
16-channel full-HD video decoder: H.264/265 Integer precision (INT8): 512 TOPS
1-channel full-HD video encoder: H.264/265 128-channel full HD video decoder: H.264/265
Max. power: 8 W Max. power: 310 W

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Atlas AI Computing Platform Portfolio
Internet, security, finance, transportation, power, etc.
Atlas intelligent edge platform Atlas deep learning platform
Application
Enablement Industry SDK/Container Cluster management/Model
engine/Basic service repository management/Data pre-processing

TensorFlow/PyTorch/Caffe/MxNet Common
Framework MindSpore components
Framework
Framework Adapter
Adapret

AscendCL

Unified O&M and configuration management

AXE toolchain (log/profiling/Mind Studio)

Graph engine for graph optimization
Operator/Acceleration/Communication libraries (BLAS, FFT, DNN, Rand, Solver, Sparse, HCCL)
CANN
Runtime

Safety subsystem
Driver

subsystem
Atlas 800 AI inference server
Atlas 300 inference
Atlas 200 512 TOPS INT8
accelerator card
16 TOPS INT8 64 TOPS INT8
Atlas 500 Atlas 900
Chips & 16 TOPS INT8 256–1024 PFLOPS FP16
Hardware Atlas 800 AI training server
Atlas 300 training card
Atlas 200 developer kit 256 TFLOPS FP16 2 PFLOPS FP16

Da Vinci
Architecture

Ascend 310 (inferencing) Ascend 910 (training)

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Huawei Atlas Computational Reasoning Platform

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HUAWEI CLOUD AI and HUAWEI Mobile Phones Help RFCx
Protect the Rainforest

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 Contents

1. AI Overview

2. Technical Fields and Application Fields of AI

3. Huawei's AI Development Strategy

4. AI Disputes

5. Future Prospects of AI

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Algorithmic Bias
⚫ Algorithmic biases are mainly caused by data biases.

⚫ When we use AI algorithms for decision-making, the algorithms may learn to discriminate an individual based on existing
data including race and gender, and therefore create unfair outcomes, such as decisions that are discriminatory based on
race, sex or other factors. Even if factors such as race or gender are excluded from the data, the algorithms can make
discriminatory decisions based on information of names and addresses.

If we search with a name sounds like an

African American, an advertisement for a
tool used to search criminal records may Online advertisers tend to display
be displayed. The advertisement, advertisements of lower-priced goods to
however, is not likely displayed in other female users.
cases.

Google's image software once mistakenly

labeled an image of black people as
"gorilla".

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Privacy Issues
⚫ The existing AI algorithms are all data-driven. In this case, we need a large amount of data to train
models. We enjoy the convenience brought by AI every day while technology companies like
Facebook, Google, Amazon, and Alibaba are obtaining an enormous amount of user data, which
will reveal various aspects of our lives including politics, religions, and gender.

Technology companies can know our privacy

In principle, technology companies can record including where are we, where we go, what we
each click, each page scrolling, time of viewing have done, education background,
any content, and browsing history when users consumption capabilities, and personal
access the Internet. preferences based on our ride-hailing records
and consumption records.

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Seeing = Believing?
⚫ With the development of computer vision technologies, reliability of images and videos is decreasing. Fake
images can be produced with technologies such as PS and generative adversarial networks (GAN), making it
hard to identify whether images are true or not.
⚫ Example:
 A suspect provided fake evidence by forging an image in which the suspect is in a place where he has never been to or
with someone he has never seen using PS technologies.
 In advertisements for diet pills, people's appearances before and after weight loss can be changed with PS technologies
to exaggerate the effect of the pills.
 Lyrebird, a tool for simulating voice of human beings based on recording samples of minutes, may be used by criminals.
 Household images released on rent and hotel booking platforms may be generated through GAN.

Example: https://www.whichfaceisreal.com/
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AI Development = Rising Unemployment?
⚫ Looking back, human beings have always been seeking ways to improve efficiency, that is, obtain more with
less resources. We used sharp stones to hunt and collect food more efficiently. We used steam engines to
reduce the need for horses. Every step in achieving automation will change our life and work. In the era of AI,
what jobs will be replaced by AI?
⚫ The answer is repetitive jobs that involve little creativity and social interaction.

Jobs Most Likely to Be Replaced by AI Jobs Most Unlikely to Be Replaced by AI

Courier Writer
Taxi driver Management personnel
Soldier Software engineers
Accounting HR manager
Telesales personnel Designer
Customer service Activity planner
... ...
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Problems to Be Solved
⚫ Are AI-created works protected by copyright laws?
⚫ Who gives authority to robots?
⚫ What rights shall be authorized to robots?
⚫ ...

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 Contents

1. AI Overview

2. Technical Fields and Application Fields of AI

3. Huawei's AI Development Strategy

4. AI Disputes

5. Future Prospects of AI

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Development Trends of AI Technologies
⚫ Framework: easier-to-use development framework
⚫ Algorithm: algorithm models with better performance and smaller size
⚫ Computing power: comprehensive development of device-edge-cloud computing
⚫ Data: more comprehensive basic data service industry and more secure data sharing
⚫ Scenario: continuous breakthroughs in industry applications

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Easier-to-Use Development Framework
⚫ Various AI development frameworks are evolving towards ease-of-use and omnipotent,
continuously lowering the threshold for AI development.

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Tensorflow 2.0
⚫ TensorFlow 2.0 has been officially released. It integrates Keras as its high-level API, greatly
improving usability.

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Pytorch vs Tensorflow
⚫ PyTorch is widely recognized by academia for its ease of use.

Comparison between PyTorch and TensorFlow usage

statistics of top academic conferences

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Algorithms Model with Better Performance
⚫ In the computer vision field, GAN has been able to generate high-quality images that cannot be
identified by human eyes. GAN-related algorithms have been applied to other vision-related tasks,
such as semantic segmentation, facial recognition, video synthesis, and unsupervised clustering.
⚫ In the NLP field, the pre-training model based on the Transformer architecture has made a
significant breakthrough. Related models such as BERT, GPT, and XLNet are widely used in industrial
scenarios.
⚫ In the reinforcement learning field, AlphaStar of the DeepMind team defeated the top human
player in StarCraft II.
⚫ ...

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Smaller Deep Learning Models
⚫ A model with better performance usually has a larger quantity of parameters, and a large model
has lower running efficiency in industrial applications. More and more model compression
technologies are proposed to further compress the model size while ensuring the model
performance, meeting the requirements of industrial applications.
 Low rank approximation
Network
architecture
 Network pruning design

 Network quantification Low rank Network

approximation
pruning
 Knowledge distillation Model
compression
 Compact network design
Network Knowledge
quantification distillation

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Computing Power with Comprehensive Device-Edge-Cloud
Development
⚫ The scale of AI chips applied to the cloud, edge devices, and mobile devices keeps increasing,
further meeting the computing power demand of AI.

Sales revenue (CNY100 million) Growth rate

China AI Chip Industry Development White Paper 2020

Market Scale and Growth Prediction of AI Chips in China from 2020 to 2021

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More Secure Data Sharing
⚫ Federated learning uses different data sources to train models, further breaking data bottlenecks
while ensuring data privacy and security.

Federated Learning White Paper V1.0

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Continuous Breakthroughs in Application Scenarios
⚫ With the continuous exploration of AI in various verticals, the application scenarios of AI
will be continuously broken through.
 Mitigating psychological problems
 Automatic vehicle insurance and loss assessment
 Office automation
 ...

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Mitigating Psychological Problems
⚫ AI chat robots help alleviate mental health problems such as autism by combining psychological
knowledge.

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Automatic Vehicle Insurance and Loss Assessment
⚫ AI technologies help insurance companies optimize vehicle insurance claims and complete vehicle
insurance loss assessment using deep learning algorithms such as image recognition.

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Office Automation (Robotics Process Automation)
⚫ AI is automating management, but the different nature and format of data makes it a challenging
task. While each industry and application has its own unique challenges, different industries are
gradually adopting machine learning-based workflow solutions.

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 Summary

⚫ This chapter introduces the definition and development history of AI, describes the
technical fields and application fields of AI, briefly introduces Huawei's AI
development strategy, and finally discusses the disputes and the development trends
of AI.

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 Quiz

1. (Multiple-answer question) Which of the following are AI application fields?

A. Smart household

B. Smart healthcare

C. Smart city

D. Smart education

2. (True or False) By "all AI scenarios", Huawei means different deployment scenarios for AI, including
public clouds, private clouds, edge computing in all forms, industrial IoT devices, and consumer
devices.
A. True

B. False

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 More Information

Online learning website

 https://e.huawei.com/en/talent/#/home

Huawei Knowledge Base

 https://support.huawei.com/enterprise/en/knowledge?lang=en

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Thank you. 把数字世界带入每个人、每个家庭、
每个组织，构建万物互联的智能世界。
Bring digital to every person, home, and
organization for a fully connected,
intelligent world.

Copyright©2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All Rights Reserved.

The information in this document may contain predictive

statements including, without limitation, statements regarding
the future financial and operating results, future product
portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that
could cause actual results and developments to differ materially
from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements.
Therefore, such information is provided for reference purpose
only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei
may change the information at any time without notice.