Ls Trial 3 2024 N

Al- Mabarrat Schools IN HIS NAME
Educational Institutes Board

School Al-Hassan High school
Code: EIB-F127 Ed:01 3rd Trial in Physics
Academic year : 2023- 2024
Name: …………………….. Class & Section: LS Date:
Exercise 1: Mechanical energy and linear momentum [6 points]

Part A:
A ball (S) of mass m1 = 300 g is suspended from the free end of an inextensible and massless string of
length L = 90 cm.
The ball is shifted by an angle of 60° from its equilibrium position and then released with initial
velocity V0= 4m/s.
At the equilibrium position, the ball (S) enters into a head on elastic collision with a wooden block (D)
of center G and mass m2 = 900 g that rests on a horizontal plane (H1) at the position A.
The horizontal plane passing through G is taken as reference level for the gravitational potential
energy.
The ball (S) recoils to reach a maximum angle . Neglect friction in all parts of the system.
Take g = 10 ms-2 .
1) Applying the principle of conservation of mechanical energy for the system S1 {ball, string, support,
Earth}, find the velocity 1 of the ball as it reaches the equilibrium position .
2) Neglect all external forces on the system {S1,Block,Earth} at the instant of collision ; determine the
velocities ’1 and ’2 of the ball (S) and of the wooden block (D) respectively just after the collision.
3) Determine the recoiling angle  reached by the ball (S) after collision.
Part B:
The wooden block (D) moves with a speed of 2,5 m/s on the frictionless horizontal plane (H1) to reach the
position B along the path AB =10 cm.
At the point B, the wooden block falls into a stationary truck (T) (at rest) of mass m3 = 3,6 kg and the system S2
(wooden block, truck) moves together a distance of 22.5 cm along the rough horizontal plane (H2) before it
stops at C. (See the figure above) .
1) Verify that speed of the system S2 (Wooden block, Truck, Earth) is V= 0,5 m/s just after the block (D)
becomes into truck (T) at the point B using the principle of conservation of linear momentum.
2) Calculate the variation of the mechanical energy of the system S2 between the position B and C.
3) Find the work done by the force of friction existed between the system S2 and the plane (H2).
Deduce the value of this force of friction.
1
Exercise 2 : Charging and discharging of a capacitor [7 points]
The circuit in figure 1 consists of:
➢An ideal generator of electromotive force E = 9V.
➢two resistor of resistance R1 = 10 Ω and R2.
➢A capacitor of capacitance C = 50 mF.
➢Initially (K) is at the position (0) and the capacitor is
uncharged.
A- Charging of the capacitor.
At t0 = 0, (K) is connected to position-1 and the capacitor
starts the charging process.
1) Show that the differential equation that governs the
variation of the voltage, UCB = UC, across the capacitor is: E = R1C + UC
2) The solution of the differential equation that governs the variation of the voltage is: UC = a (1− )
where a and 𝜏 are two constants.
2-1) Express a and 𝜏 in terms of E,R1 and C.

2-2) Calculate 𝜏.
2-3) Verify that at t = 5𝜏 the capacitor will be practically completely charged, then calculate t.
3) Deduce the expression of the current during charging phase in terms of t and then calculate its value at the
steady state.
B- Discharging of the capacitor.
At a new origin of time t0 = 0, the switch is connected to position-2.
1) Show that the differential equation of the voltage UCB = UC across the capacitor is:
+ Uc = 0
2) Verify that UC = 𝐸 is the solution of the differential

equation that governs the variation of the voltage during
discharging.
3) Show that, after time t = 𝜏1=R2C, the voltage across the
capacitor attains 37% of its maximum value E.
4) In order to determine the value of R2, we use a convenient
apparatus, which traces, during the discharging of the
capacitor, the curve representing ln(UC) as a function of time.
(Figure 2).
4-1) Prove that Ln UC = t +𝐋𝐧 𝐄

4-2) Show that the shape of the curve in figure-2 is in agreement with the obtained expression of the
function ln(UC)= f(t).
4-3) Deduce using the graph the value of R2.
Exercise 3 The dual character of light.

Part (A) the first character of light
A monochromatic beam of light, directed by a laser source, of wavelength 𝜆, on a vertical wire, of diameter a
(a is of the order of a tenth of a millimeter) as shown in figure (1) the
experiment seen from above: the wire is perpendicular to the plane of the figure (1).
1-What aspect of light does this phenomenon highlights on .
2- The light emitted by the laser source is called monochromatic. What is the meaning of this term?
3-Knowing that the angular position of the dark fringes from the center of the central bright fringe
is given by sinθk = Kλ/a ,show that the width L of the central bright fringe is expressed by: 𝐿 = 2 × 𝜆×𝐷 /a
4- Now we want to determine experimentally the wavelength 𝜆0 of the monochromatic light emitted by the laser
source used in vacuum. To do this, calibrated vertical wires are placed in front of the laser beam. We designate
by “a” the diameter of a wire. The resulting
diffraction pattern is observed on the screen
located at a distance 𝐷 = 2.5 𝑚 from the
wires. For each of the wires, we measure the
width L of the central bright fringe. We obtain
the graph of Figure 2 which represents the
curve 𝐿 = 𝑓(1/a).
4.1- Show that the shape of the curve is in
agreement with the expression for 𝐿 given in
question 3.
4.2-Give the equation of the curve 𝐿 = 𝑓(1/a)
and deduce the wavelength 𝜆0 (in m then in
nm) in vacuum.
4.3-Calculate the frequency 𝑓 of the
monochromatic light of the laser source.
5- We illuminate with this laser source a glass with a refractive index 𝑛 = 1.64. When crossing this transparent
dispersive medium, do the values of the frequency, wavelength and color associated with this radiation vary?
Justify your answer.
Given: Speed of light in a vacuum or in air 𝑐 = 3 x10 8 𝑚. 𝑠 −1
Part (B)the second character of light

The surface of scandium of work function W0 =3.5eV,is illuminated by a source of monochromatic radiation
whose wavelength in vacuum is λ . Electrons are extracted from the surface of scandium with a maximum
speed v =5x104m/s.
1) 1.1) Determine in J the energy of each incident photon of this radiation. Deduce its wavelength λ .
1.2) Define the threshold wavelength λo of a metal .Deduce whether the threshold wavelength λo of this
metal smaller or greater than λ
1.3) Support your answer by calculating λo.
1.4) Specify the number of the electrons extracted from the metal when illuminated by a radiation of
wavelength 4x10-7m
1.5) This phenomenon shows an evidence of a certain aspect of light.Name this aspect.
2) The power of the radiation received by scandium is P= 10W.The quantum efficiency of the surface of
scandium is є = 0.02.
2.1) Determine the number Ntotal of photons received by scandium during 12seconds.
2.2) Deduce the number Neff of effective photon scandium during 12seconds.
3) 3.1) Prove that P = Neff h.c/ λ t є . p is the power of the radiation emitted by the source, and t is the
Exposure time of the metal to the radiation .
3.2) For a chosen power of the radiation emitted by the source,specify how does Neff vary with λ and
t.

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Al- Mabarrat Schools IN HIS NAME

Educational Institutes Board

Exercise 1: Mechanical energy and linear momentum [6 points]

2-1) Express a and 𝜏 in terms of E,R1 and C.

2) Verify that UC = 𝐸 is the solution of the differential

4-1) Prove that Ln UC = t +𝐋𝐧 𝐄

Exercise 3 The dual character of light.

Part (B)the second character of light

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