TIFR-2020

[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

TIFR-2020 (Mathematical Physics Question and Solution)

SECTION A-(For both Int. Ph.D. and Ph.D. candidates)
x +1
Q1. The limit lim x log
x →∞ x −1
Evaluate to
(a) 2 (b) 0 (c) ∞ (d) 1
Ans. : (a)
Solution:
Using the standard formula
 ( x + 1)  1 1 1 
log  = 2  + 3 + 5 + ......
 ( x − 1)   x 3x 5 x 
 
 x +1  x x x   1 1 
x log   = 2  + 3 + 5 + ..... = 2 1 + 2 + 4 + .....
 x −1   x 3x 5 x   3x 5 x 
 x +1   1 1 
lim x log   = 2 1 + + + ..... = 2
x →∞
 x −1   ∞ ∞ 
Hence the answer is (a)
Q2. The eigenvector e1 corresponding to the smallest eigenvalue of the matrix
 2a 2 a 0 
 
 a 1 a 
 0 a 2a2 

3
where a = is given (in terms of its transpose) by
2
1 1 1  1 3 3
=
(a) e1T  − 3  (b) e1T =  1 
2 2 2 2 2 2 
1 1
=
(c) e1T (1 0 −1) (d) e1T = (1 0 1)
2 2
Ans: (a)
Solution:
To find Eigen values A − λ I =
0
 2a 2 a 0  1 0 0   2a 2 − λ a 0 
     
 a 1 a  − λ 0 1 0  = 0⇒ a 1− λ a = 0
 0 2
a 2a  0 0 1   0 a 2a − λ 
2
 
Opening the determinant
1 − λ a  a a 
( 2a 2
)
−λ  
2a − λ 
−a =0
 0 2a − λ 
2 2
 a
( 2a 2
) (
− λ  2a 2 − λ − 2a 2 λ + λ 2 − a 2  − a 2 2a 2 − λ =
0)
Revised Edition-2022 1
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

( 2a 2
)
− λ  2a 2 − λ − 2a 2 λ + λ 2 − a 2 − a 2  = 0
 

( 2a 2
)( ( ) ) ) ( (
0 ⇒ 2a 2 − λ ⋅ λ λ − 2a 2 + 1 =
− λ λ 2 − 2a 2 + 1 λ = ( 0 ))
3 3
⇒ λ = 2a 2 , λ = 0, λ = 2a 2 + 1 ⇒ λ = 2 ⋅ , λ = 0, λ = 2 ⋅ + 1
2 2
⇒λ =
3, 0, 4
Thus, the smallest eigen value is 0.
 3 3  α  α 
2 ⋅ 0    
 2 2    
 3 3   β  β 
Eigen Vector: AX = λ X ⇒ 1   = 0 
 2 2    
 3 3   γ  γ 
 0 2⋅     
 2 2     
 3  0 
 3α + β   
 2   
 3 3  0  3 −3
 α +β + γ=   ⇒ 3α + β =⇒
0 β= α=− 6α ⇒ β =− 6α
 2 2    2 3
  0 2
3
 β + 3γ   
 2   

− 3 −1
⇒
3
2
3
α +β + γ =
2
0⇒
3
2
0 ⇒ γ = 2 β=
β + 3γ =
3 6
( )
× − 6α = α ⇒ γ =
α

 α   1 
   
Thus, eigen vector is of the from  − 6α  =
α − 6 
 α   1 
   
1 1
Normalizing, we get α 2 [1 + 6 + 1] =1 ⇒ α = =
8 2 2
 1 
 1   2
α 
1   1 
Thus, the eigen vector is  β  =  − 6  =  − 3 
2 2  2  
 γ   1 
 1 
 2
 
1 1 1 
=
Taking Transpose, Eigen vector e1T  − 3 
2 2 2
In the options this matches (a).

2 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Q3. Consider the improper differential

(1 + y2 ) dx + xydy
ds =
An integrating factor for this is
(a) − x (b) 1 + x2 (c) xy (d) −1 + y 2
Ans. : (a)
Solution:
I.F. =?
∂M ∂N
Compare with Mdx + Ndy ; M=
1+ y2 , N =
xy ⇒ = 2 y, = y
∂y ∂x
∂M ∂N
−
∂y ∂x 2 y − y y 1
= = = = f ( x=
) Function of 'x'alone
N xy xy x
1
∫ xdx
F . e∫ = e =
f ( x ) dx
I .= e=
ln x
x
Though x is not given in options
But –x is given.
Hence (a) is expected to be the right answer.
SECTION B- (only for Int.-Ph.D. candidates)
Q4. The sum of the infinite series
3 6 10 15
S =1 + + + + + ....
5 25 125 625
is given by
125 25
(a) S = (b) S =
64 16
25 16
(c) S = (d) S =
24 25
Ans.: (a)
Solution. :
3 6 10 15 3 5 + 1 10 15
S = 1+ + + + + ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅ = 1 + + + + + ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅
5 25 125 625 5 25 125 625
3 1 5 10 15 3 1 1 2 3 
S = 1+ + + + + + ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅ = 1 + + +  + + + ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅
5 25 25 125 625 5 25  5 25 125 
3 1 0 1 2 3 
S = 1 + + +  0 + + 2 + 3 + ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅
5 25  5 5 5 5 
a d ⋅m
=
Arthogeometric progression S +
1 − m (1 − m )2

a = First term of A.P, m = c.m. of G.P, d = c ⋅ d of A.P

Revised Edition-2022 3
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

d ⋅m
For a = 0 ; S =
(1 − m )2
1
1⋅
3 1 5 =1 + 3 + 1 + 1 × 25 =1 + 3 + 1 + 1 =1.925
S =1 + + +
5 25  1 2 5 25 5 16 5 25 25
1 − 
 5
SECTION B-(Only for Ph.D. candidates)
Q5. The solution of the differential equation
dy y y2
=1 + − 2
dx x x
for x > 0 with the boundary condition y = 0 at x = 1 . is given by y ( x ) =

x ( x2 − 1) x ( x − 1) x −1 x2 − 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
x2 + 1 x +1 x +1 x2 + 1
Ans.: (a)
Solution:
dy dv
Put y = vx ⇒ =+
v x
dx dx
dv v x v2 x2 dv
Thus, we get v + x =
1+ − 2 ⇒ v +x =
1 + v − v 2 =1 − v 2
dx x x dx
dv dx 1 1 1  dx
⇒ = ⇒  +  dv =
1− v 2
x 2 1 − v 1 + v  x
Integrating both sides we get
1 1 1  1+ v   1+ v 
− ln (1 − v ) + ln (1 + v ) = ln x + ln A ⇒ ln  ln ( xA ) ⇒ ln  ln ( xA )
2
= =
2 2 2  1− v   1− v 
y
1+
Taking antilogy and put A2 = c wet get x = cx 2
y
1−
x
0
1+
Now put x = 1 and y = 0 ; ⇒ 1 = c ×1 = c = 1
0
1−
1
x+ y
Thus,
x− y
= x 2 ⇒ x + y = x3 − x 2 y ⇒ y + x 2 y = x3 − x ⇒ y 1 + x 2 = x x 2 − 1 ( ) ( )

y=
(
x x2 −1 )
1+ x 2

Thus (a) is the correct answer.

4 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Q6. The value of the integral

∞

∫
dx
is
x4 + 4
0

π 3π π
(a) (b) (c) 2π (d)
8 8 4
Ans.: (a)
Solution:
∞
dx 1
Consider ∫x and f ( z ) = 4
−∞
4
+4 z +4
C1
√ √
Poles are given by z +4=
4
0
–1+i 1+i
⇒ z 4 =−4 =4eπ eπ =−1 –R
–1–i 1–i R
( 2 n +1)π × ×
1
z = 4 4e 4

 2 n +1 
i π
=z =
2e {n 0,1, 2,3}
 4 

iπ
 π π  1 i 
z1 = 2 cos + i sin  = 2  +  = 1 + i = 2 e 4

 4 4   2 2 
2π
 3π 3π   1 i 
z2 = 2 cos + i sin  = 2  − +  =−1 + i = 2e
4

 4 4   2 2
z3 =−1 − i, z4 =1 − i

z3 and z4 are located in the lower half complex plane. Hence, they do not contribute.

Let's calculate residue at z = z1 and z = z2 .

z1 : Residue

1 1 1 1 − 34iπ 1  3π 3π 
= = 3iπ
=
= e cos 4 − i sin 4 
( ) ( 2) e
3
d 4 4z 3 8 2 8 2
z +4 z = z1 4 4
dz z = z1

1  −1 i  −1
=  − = (1 + i )
8 2 2 2  16

1 1 1 − i49π 1  1 i  1
=
z2 : Residue = 3
e =  −  = [1 − i ]
4z 3
 i 3π
 8 2 8 2 2 2  16
z = z2
4  2e 4 
 

Revised Edition-2022 5
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks
R
dz dx
Thus, ∫C z 4 += ∫
2π i Σ Residue = + ∫ f ( z ) dz =
2π i Σ Residue
4 −R
x 4
+ 4 C1

Take limit R → ∞ and note that, limit R → ∞ ∫ f ( z ) dz = 0

C1

∞
dx 1 1 
+∫ = + 0 2π i  ( −1 − i ) + (1 − i ) 
−∞
x +4
4
16 16 
∞
dx 2π i −4π i 2 π
∫−∞ x 4 + 4 16 
=  −1 − i + =
1 − i 
 =16 4
∞ ∞
dx 1 dx 1π π
Now ∫ 4 = ∫ = =
0
x + 4 2 −∞ x + 4 2 4 8
4

Hence the answer is (a)

TIFR-2020 (EMT Question and Solution)
SECTION A-(For both Int. Ph.D. and Ph.D. candidates)
Q1. Consider two concentric spheres of radii a and b , where a < b
(see figure). The (shaded) space between thee two spheres is filled
b
uniformly with total charge Q . The electric field at any point r
a
between thee two spheres at distance r from the centre is given by
Q r 3 − a3 Q 1
(a) (b)
4πε 0 r 2 ( b3 − a3 ) 4πε 0 r 2
2/3
Q b a
(c)  −  (d) zero
4πε 0  r 4 r 4 
Ans. : (a)
Solution:
Q Gaussian Surface
Charge density ρ =
π ( b3 − a3 )
4
3 b
r
  Q a
 ∫ E.d a = enc
S
ε0
 1 3 
⇒ E × 4π r=
2

ε0 
4
ρ× π r −a 
3
3


( )
 
 1 
⇒
= E × 4π r 2 4
Q 4
× π r 3 − a3
ε 0  π b3 − a 3 3
( ) 

3
( ) 

 Q r 3 − a3
⇒ E =
4πε 0 r 2 b3 − a 3 ( )

6 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Q2. A metallic wire of uniform cross- section and resistance R is bent into a circle of radius

a . The circular loop is placed in a magnetic field B ( t ) which is perpendicular to the

plane of the wire. This magnetic field is uniform over space, but its magnitude decreases
with time at a constant rate k , where

d B (t )
k= −
dt
The tension in the metallic wire is
π a3 k  π a3 k 
(a) B (t ) (b) B (t )
2R R
2π a3 k 
(c) B (t ) (d) zero
R
Ans. : (b)
Solution:
× × × × × ×
F
× × × dl × ×  F
B
× × × I dl
T cos dθ T cos dθ
a dθ dθ
×
F F T dθ dθ T
× R ×
a
× × × I × ×
F T sin dθ T sin dθ
× × × × × ×
=
Magnetic flux φ B (t ) × π a2 .

dφ dB ( t )
Induced emf ε =
− =
− × π a2 =
π a2k
dt dt
ε π a2k
Induce current =
I =
R R
Force on elemental= =
length F IBdl sin 900 IBdl
If element is in equilibrium; Foutward = Finward

IBdl = 2T sin dθ ⇒ IB ( a × 2dθ ) =

2T ( dθ ) ⇒ T =IBa

dl
Since dθ is very small so sin dθ ≈ dθ and 2dθ = .
a
π a3k
Thus T = B (t ) .
R
Revised Edition-2022 7
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Q3. Four students were asked to write down possible forms for the magnetic vector potential
 
A ( x ) corresponding to a uniform magnetic field of magnitude B along the positive

z direction. Three returned correct answers and one returned an incorrect answers. Their
answers are reproduced below. Which was the incorrect answer?
(a) Bxjˆ (b) − Byiˆ

(c)
1
2
(Bxiˆ − Byjˆ ) (d)
1
2
(
− Byiˆ + Bxjˆ )
Ans. : (c)

Solution: B = B0 zˆ

xˆ yˆ zˆ
     ∂ ∂ ∂
(a) A ( x ) = Bxjˆ ; B =∇× A = =xˆ ( 0 − 0 ) − yˆ ( 0 − 0 ) + zˆ ( B − 0 ) =Bzˆ
∂x ∂y ∂z
0 Bx 0

xˆ yˆ zˆ
     ∂ ∂ ∂
(b) A ( x ) = − Byiˆ ; B =∇× A = =xˆ ( 0 − 0 ) − yˆ ( 0 − 0 ) + zˆ ( 0 + B ) =Bzˆ
∂x ∂y ∂z
− By 0 0
  1
A( x )
(c) =
2
(
Bxiˆ − Byjˆ ; )

xˆ yˆ zˆ
   ∂ ∂ ∂
B= ∇× A = =xˆ ( 0 − 0 ) − yˆ ( 0 − 0 ) + zˆ ( 0 − 0 ) =
0
∂x ∂y ∂z
Bx By
− 0
2 2
  1
(
(d) A ( x ) = − Byiˆ + Bxjˆ ;
2
)

xˆ yˆ zˆ
   ∂ ∂ ∂ B B
B= ∇× A = =xˆ ( 0 − 0 ) − yˆ ( 0 − 0 ) + zˆ  +  =Bzˆ
∂x ∂y ∂z 2 2
By Bx
− 0
2 2

8 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Q4. The components of the electric and magnetic fields corresponding to a plane
electromagnetic field propagating in vacuum satisfy
 
E B
Ex = Ey =− Ez = Bx = − By = Bz = 0
3 2
A unit vector along the direction of propagation of the plane wave is

iˆ + ˆj + 2kˆ iˆ + ˆj + 2kˆ
(a) (b) −
6 6

2iˆ − 2 ˆj + kˆ 2iˆ − 2 ˆj + kˆ
(c) (d) −
3 3
Ans. : (b)
Solution:
   
Let E = ( Ex xˆ + Ey yˆ + Ez zˆ ) e ( and B = ( Bx xˆ + By yˆ + Bz zˆ ) e (
i k .r −ωt ) i k .r −ωt )

 
E B
 Ex = Ey = − Ez = , Bx = − By = , Bz = 0
3 2
   
  E E E  i( k .r −ωt ) E 
i ( k .r −ωt )
E 
= xˆ + yˆ − zˆ  e = ( ˆ
x + ˆ
y − ˆ
z ) e
 3 3 3  3
 
  
  B B  i( k .r −ωt ) B 
i ( k .r −ωt )
and B =  x−
ˆ ˆ 
y e = ( x − y)e
ˆ ˆ
 2 2  2
 
xˆ yˆ zˆ
 1     
=S
µ0
( ) ( )
E × B ⇒ S ∝ E × B ∝ 1 1 −1= xˆ ( 0 − 1) − yˆ ( 0 + 1) + zˆ ( −1 − 1)
1 −1 0

 ( xˆ + yˆ + 2 zˆ )
⇒ S ∝ ( − xˆ − yˆ − 2 zˆ ) =− ( xˆ + yˆ + 2 zˆ ) ⇒ kˆ ∝ Sˆ ∝ −
6

Revised Edition-2022 9
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

SECTION B- (only for Int.-Ph.D. candidates)

Q5. A two-dimensional electrostatic field is defined as

E ( x, y ) =− xiˆ + yjˆ

A correct diagram for the lines of force is

(a) (b)

3 3

2 2
y y
1 1

0 0
−1 −1

−2 −2

−3 −3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3
x x
(c) (d)

3 3

2 2
y y
1 1

0 0
−1 −1

−2 −2

−3 −3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3
x x
Ans. : (a)
Solution. :

 E ( x, y ) = − xiˆ + yjˆ
    
At E ( 0, 0 ) = 0 , E (1, 0 ) = −iˆ , E ( −1, 0 ) =
iˆ , E ( 0,1) = ˆj and E ( 0, −1) =− ˆj

10 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Q6. A light rigid insulating rod of length  is suspended

horizontally from a rigid frictionless pivot at one of
−Q
the ends (see figure). At a vertical distance h below +Q
the rod there is an infinite plane conducting plane, l l/2
which is grounded. If two small, light spherical
conductors are attached at the ends of the rod and
given charges +Q and −Q as indicated in the
figure, the torque on the rod will be
Q2 ˆ Q2 ˆ
(a) k (b) − k
4πε 0l 4πε 0l

(c)
(4 − 2 ) Q 2
kˆ (d) −
(4 − 2 ) Q 2
kˆ
16πε 0 l 16πε 0 l
Ans.: (d)
Solution: F2
y
Force on −Q charge due to other charges are x=0 l F1
+Q •
2
−Q x
Q F3
F= F= and
4πε 0l 2
1 3
F13 l

Q2 Q2 1 −Q 450 +Q
=F2 = .
( )
4πε 0 2l 2
2
4πε 0 2l

Q2
Resultant of F1 and F3 is =
F13 =
2 F1 2
4πε 0l 2

Q2  1
Magnitude of Net Force on −Q charge is F = F13 − F2 =  2− 
4πε 0l  2
2
Net Force on −Q charge is
 F Q2  1 
= F cos 450 ( − xˆ ) + F sin 450 ( − yˆ=
) ( − x − y=)
ˆ ˆ 1− ( − xˆ − yˆ )
4πε 0l  2 2 
2 
F
2
    Q2  1  
Torque on rod is τ = r × F = ( lxˆ ) ×   1 −  ( − ˆ
x − ˆ
y ) 
 4πε 0l  2 2 
2

 
τ=
−
Q2 
1−
4πε 0l  2 2 
zˆ =
−
1 
16πε 0l 
4−
Q2 
2 2
4 
 zˆ ⇒ τ =− 16πε l 4 − 2 zˆ
0
Q2
( )

Revised Edition-2022 11
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Q7. The magnitude vector potential A = Ax iˆ + Ay ˆj + Az kˆ is defined in a region R of space by

Ax = 5cos π y Ay= 2 + sin π x Az = 0

in an appropriate unit.
If L be a square loop of wire in the x − y plane, with its end at

( 0, 0) ( 0, 0.25 ) ( 0.25, 0.25 ) ( 0.25, 0)

In appropriate unit and it lies entirely in the region R , the numerical value of the flux of
the above magnetic field (in the same units) passing through L is
(a) 0.543 (b) 3.31 (c) −0.75 (d) zero
Ans.: (a)
Solution. :
xˆ yˆ zˆ
   ∂ ∂ ∂
B= ∇× A = =xˆ ( 0 − 0 ) − yˆ ( 0 − 0 ) + zˆ (π co πsx + 5π sin π y )
∂x ∂y ∂z
5cos π y 2 + sin π x 0 y
(1/ 4,1/ 4 )
 (1/ 4, 0 )
⇒ B zˆ (π cos π x + 5π sin π y )
=

The flux of the magnetic field is

  1/ 4 1/ 4
=φ ∫ B.d a
S
= ∫ ∫ (π cos π x + 5π sin π y ) zˆ. ( dxdyzˆ )
0 0 x
( 0, 0 ) ( 0,1/ 4 )
 π sin π x
1/ 4

1/ 4
=φ ∫  + 5π x sin π y  dy
y =0 
π  x =0
 π 5 
1/ 4
⇒φ
= ∫
y =0
sin 4 + 4 π sin π y  dy

1/ 4
 y 5  cos π y    1 5 1 5 1 
⇒ φ=  + π −  φ 
⇒= − × + ⇒=φ 1 − 5 + 5 2 
 2 4  π   y =0 4 2 4 2 4 4 2

⇒
= φ
1 
4 2
1+ 5 ( )
2 − 1  ⇒=

φ
1
4 2
[1 + 5 × 0.414
= ]
3.07
= 0.543
4 2

12 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

SECTION B-(Only for Ph.D. candidates)

Q8. Consider the following situation.
An infinite plane metallic plate of thickness z

1.8 cm is placed along the x − y plane, with

I0
z axis normal to the sheet (see figure).
y
A plane radio wave of intensity I0 and

frequency 29.5 MHz propagates in vacuum

along the negative z -axis and strikes the metal x IE
foil at normal incidence. If the metal of the foil
has conductivity 5.9 Ω−1m−1 and magnetic
permeability µ  1 , the intensity I E of the emergent wave will be approximately

(a) 0.26 I0 (b) 0.51I0

(c) 0.29 ×10−7 I0 (d) 2.08 ×10−4 I0

Ans.: (a)
Solution:

Intensity inside conductor I = I0 e−2κ z =

where κ πσµ f
= πσ ( µ0 µr ) f .

κ
Thus = 3.14 × 5.9 × ( 4 × 3.14 ×10−7 ) 29.5 ×106 ≈ 26.3

=I I0 e−2×26.3= I=
×1.8×10 −2
−0.943
0e 0.389 I0
Best option is (a).
TIFR-2020 (Quantum Mechanics Question and Solution)
SECTION A-(For both Int. Ph.D. and Ph.D. candidates)
Q1. The wave function of a particle subjected to a three-dimensional spherically-symmetric
potential V ( r ) is given by

ψ ( x ) = ( x + y + 3z ) f ( r )

the expectation value for the operator L2 for this state is
(a) 2 (b) 22 (c) 52 (d) 112
Ans.: (b)
Solution:
The wave function of a particle subjected to a three-dimensional spherically symmetric
potential ψ ( r ) is given by

Revised Edition-2022 13
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

ψ ( x ) = ( x + y + 3z ) f ( r )

writing Y1±1,0 state using spherical harmonies in Cartesian co-ordinates, we, have,

x ± iy z  4π 
1/2 1/2 1/2
±1  3   3  z
Y =±  ; Y10 =   ⇒ =   Y1
0

 4π   4π   r 
1
2r r  3 

Simplifying the value of x & y from Y1+1 as follows

 3  ( x + iy )  3  ( x − iy )
1/2 1/2

Y1+1 =
−  ; Y1−1 =
  , (1a,1b )
 8π  r  8π  r

on addition, of eq (1a ) and eq (1b ) , we get

2π +1
( −2 )   ⇒ = i ( )
3 iy y
Y1+1 + Y1=
−1
Y1 + Y1−1
8π r r 3

on subtracting eq (1a ) from eq (1b ) , we obtain

2π −1
Y1−1 −=
Y1+1
3 2x
8π r
⇒
=
x
r 3
(
Y1 − Y1+1 )
Substituting the value of x, y and z in the wave function, we obtain,

 2π −1 2π +1 4π 0 
=ψ rf ( r )  Y1 − Y1+1 + i ( )
Y1 + Y1+1 + 3 Y1  ( )
 3 3 3 

 2π −1 2π +1 4π 0 
= rf ( r ) (1 + i ) Y1 + (1 − i ) Y1 + 3 Y1 
 3 3 3 
Expressing ψ in term of eigenstates , m

 2π 2π 4π 
ψ= N (1 + i ) 1, −1 − (1 − i ) 1, +1 + 3 1, 0 
 3 3 3 
where N is the normalization constant
 2π  2π  4π 
ψ ψ = N 2 (1 − i )(1 + i ) 1, −1 1, −1 + (1 − i )(1 + i )   1,1 1,1 + 9. 1, 0 1, 0 = 1
 3  3  3 
or

 4π 4π 4π  3 1
N2  + + 9.  =1 ⇒ N = ⋅
 3 3 3  4π 11
The normalized wave function is given by.

ψ
=
(1 + i ) 1 − 1 − (1 − i ) 1,1 +
3
1, 0
22 22 11
The expectation value of L2 is given by
14 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

=
L2 ψ=
L2ψ
 1+ i 2
ψ  L 1, −1 −
(1 − i ) L2 1,1 + 3 L2 1, 0 

 22 22 11 
 1+ i (1 − i ) 22 1,1 + 3 22 1, 0 
= ψ  2 2 1, −1 − ( )  ( ) ( )
 22 22 11 

( )(
 1 + i ) 1, −1 (1 − i ) 3 1, −0 
( 2 ) ψ ψ=
1,1
L2= ψ  2 2 − + =

2
2 2
 22 22 11 
Q2. A fermion of mass m, moving in two dimensions, is strictly confined inside a square box
of side  . The potential inside is zero. A measurement of the energy of the fermion yields
the result
65π 2 2
E=
2m2
The degeneracy of this energy state is
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 16
Ans.: (c)
Solution:
A fermions of mass m , moving in two dimensions, is strictly confined inside a square
box of side  . The potential inside is zero. The energy of the fermions in this system is
π 2
Enx =
,ny ( nx2 + n y2 ) 2m 2

A measurement of the energy of the fermions. Yields the result.

65π 2  2
En =
2mL2
Comparing the two energies, we have.
π 2265π 2  2
Enx ,ny = (
n +n 2
x
2
y ) 2mL2
=2
2mL
or
( nx , n y ) = ( 7, 4 )

( nx , n y ) = ( 4, 7 )

nx2 + n y2 = 65 ⇒ 
 ( nx , n y ) = ( 8,1)

 ( nx , n y ) = (1,8 )

Thus, the degeneracy in the energy state is 4 . Since the particle is fermions. The
degeneracy in the energy state is 8 .

Revised Edition-2022 15
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Q3. The momentum operator

d
i
dx
acts on a wavefunction ψ ( x ) . This operator is Hermitian

(a) provided the wavefunction ψ ( x ) is normalized

(b) provided the wavefunction ψ ( x ) and derivate ψ ′ ( x ) are continuous everywhere

(c) provided the wavefunction ψ ( x ) vanishes as x → ±∞

(d) by its very definition

Ans. : (c)
Solution:
The momentum operator
d
i
dx
acts on a wave function. This operator is Hermitian when ψ ( x ) is finite i.e. , the wave

function ψ ( x ) vanishes as x → ±∞ .

SECTION B- (only for Int.-Ph.D. candidates)

Q4. A particle of mass m is confined inside a box with boundaries at x = ± L . The ground
state and the first excited state of this particle are E1 and E2 respectively.

Now a repulsive delta function potential λδ ( x ) is introduced at the centre of the box

where the constant λ satisfies

2
1 h
0<λ   
32m  L 
If the energies of the new ground state and the new first excited state be denoted as
E1′ and E2′ respectively, it follows that

(a) E1′ > E1 , E2′ > E2 =

(b) E1′ E= ′ E2
1 , E2

(c) E1′ > E1 , E2′ =

E2 =
(d) E1′ E1 , E2′ > E2

Ans.: (c)
Solution:
A particle of mass m is contained inside a box with boundaries at x = ± L . The ground
state and first excited wave function. And their corresponding energies are given by.

16 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

1 πx
=ψ1 ( x) = cos ; E E1
L 2L
and

1 πx
=ψ 2 ( x) = sin ; E E2 .
L 2L
Now a repulsive delta function potential λδ ( x ) is introduced at the centre of the box
2
1 h
where the constant λ is given, 0 < λ <<  
32m  L 

The perturbed Hamiltonian of the system is H ' ( x ) = λδ ( x )

The correction is the ground state energy is given by.

L
1 λx
E10 = ψ 1 ( x ) H=
'( x) ψ1 ( x) ∫ψ 1 ( x )ψ 1=
*
( x ) H ' ( x ) dx ∫ L λ cos
2
⋅ δ ( x ) dx
−L
2L

λ L
λx λ π λ
δ ( x ) dx =
L∫
= cos 2
= cos 2 .
−L
2L L 2L L

Where we have used ∫ F ( x ) δ ( x − a ) dx =

F ( a ).

The new ground state energy of the particle is

λ
E11 = E1 + E1(1) = E1 + > E1
L
The correction in the first excited state energy of the particle is

=E2(1) ψ
= 2 ( x) H '( x) ψ 2 ( x) ∫ψ ( x )ψ ( x ) H ' ( x )d
*
2 2 x

1 2 πx λ πx
L L
= ∫= sin λδ ( x ) dx = ∫ sin 2 δ ( x ) dx 0 .
−L
L 2L L −L 2L

Where, we have used, ∫ F ( x ) δ ( x − a )dx =

F (a)

Q5. Three non-interacting particles whose masses are in the ratio 1:4 :16 are placed together

in the same harmonic oscillator potential V ( x ) .

The degeneracies of the first three energy eigenstates (ordered by increasing energy) will
be
(a) 1,1,1 (b) 1,1, 2 (c) 1, 2,1 (d) 1, 2, 2
Ans.: (b)
Solution:

Revised Edition-2022 17
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

The masses of the there non interacting identical particle are in the ratio 1: 4 :16 . The
masses of these three particles are.
=
mi m=
, m2 4m, and m3 = 16m .

These particles are placed in same harmonic oscillator potential V ( x ) . The potential

energy of there particle are given by

1 1 1
V ( x ) =V1 ( x1 ) + V2 ( x2 ) + V3 ( x3 ) = m1ω 2 x12 + m2ω 2 x22 + m3ω 2 x32
2 2 2
1 1 1
mω 2 x12 + m ( 2ω ) x22 + m ( 4ω ) x32
2 2
=
2 2 2
1 1 1
= mω12 x12 + mω22 x22 + mω32 x32
2 2 2
Where, we have defined,
ω1 ω=
= ; ω2 2ω
= ; ω3 4ω.
The Hamiltonian for the given system of particle.

p2 − 2  ∂ 2 ∂2 ∂2  1 1 1
=
H +V ( x) =  2 + + 2 
+ mω12 x12 + mω22 x 2 + mω32 x 2
2m 2m  ∂x1 ∂x2 ∂x3  2
2
2 2

− 2 ∂ 2 1 2 ∂ 2 1 2 ∂ 2 1
H= + mω 2 2
x − + mω 2 2
x − + mω32 x32
2m ∂x12 2 2m ∂x22 2 2m ∂x32 2
1 1 2 2

= H1 ( x1 ) + H ( x2 ) + H ( x3 )

Where, we have defined

− 2 ∂ 2 1 − 2 ∂ 2 1
H1 ( x1 ) =+ mω1 x1 ; H 2 ( x2 ) =+
2 2
mω22 x22
2m ∂x1 22
2m ∂x2 22

− 2 ∂ 2 1
H 3 ( x3 )
= + mω32 x32 .
2m ∂x3 22

The energy corresponding to H is given by

 1  1  1
En1 ,n2, n3 = E1 + E2 + E3 =  n1 +  ω1 +  n2 +  ω2 +  n3 +  ω3
 2  2  2

 1  1  1
=  n1 +  ω +  n2 +   ( 2ω ) +  n3 +   ( 3ω )
 2  2  2

 1   7
=  n1 + + 2n2 + 1 + 4n3 + 2  ω =  n1 + 2n2 + 4n3 +  ω.
 2   2
The ground state energy of the system is

18 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

 7 7
E0,0,0 =  0 + 0 + 0 +  ω = ω ; g1 = 1
 2 2
The first excited state energy of the system is
 7 9
 1 +  ω =
E1,0,0 = ω ; g 2 =
1
 2 2
The second excited state energy of the system is
 7 11  7 11
E0,1,0 = 0 + 2 + 0 +  ω = ω ; E2,0,0 =  2 + 0 + 0 +  ω = ω ; g3 = 2
 2 2  2 2
The Degeneracy’s of the first three energies (in increasing order) is given by
g1 , g 2 , g3 = 1, 1, 2.

Here degeneracy’s is denoted by gis .

SECTION B-(Only for Ph.D. candidates)

Q6. A particle of mass m is placed in one dimensional harmonic oscillator potential
1
V ( x) = mω 2 x 2
2
At t = 0 , its wavefunction isψ ( x) . At t = 2π / ω its wavefunction will be
2π
(a) ψ ( x) (b) −ψ ( x) (c) −πψ ( x) (d) ψ ( x)
ω
Ans.: (b)
Solution:
A particle of mass m is placed in a 1 − d Harmonic potential
1
v ( x) = mω 2 x 2 .
2
The wave function of the particle at time t = 0 is given by
ψ ( x, 0 ) = ψ ( x )
The wave function of the particle at time t is given by
ψ 0 ( x, t ) ψ=
= 0 ( x) e
− iE0t / 
ψ 0 ( x ) e − i ( ω / 2  )( 2π /ω )

= ψ 0 ( x ) e − iπ = −ψ 0 ( x ) ,

Where, we have used, E is the ground state energy of the particle.

ω
E= .
2
One would obtain same result for other values of energies as well.

Revised Edition-2022 19
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

TIFR-2020 (Electronics Question and Solution)

SECTION A-(For both Int. Ph.D. and Ph.D. candidates)
Q1.
Vout

2 kΩ
−
+15V 5 kΩ
+
V = 15sin( 2π t )
10 kΩ

In the above circuit, which of the following is the maximum value, in Volts, of voltage at
Vout ?

(a) 10 (b) 15 (c) 0 (d) 5

Ans. : (a)
Solution:
When diode is off output will be zero.
When diode is on output is equal to voltage at non-inverting input.
10k
Voltage at non-inverting input=
v1 ×15=
V 10 V .
10k + 5k
Q2. A badly-designed voltmeter is modelled as an ideal voltmeter with a large resistor ( R )

and a large capacitor ( C ) connected in parallel to it. Given this information, which of the

following statements describes what happens when this voltmeter is connected to a DC

voltage source with voltage V and internal resistance r ( r  R ) ?

(a) The reading on the voltameter rises slowly and becomes steady at a value slightly
less than V
(b) The reading on the voltameter starts at a value slightly less than V and slowly
falls to zero.
(c) The reading on the voltameter rises slowly to maximum value close to V and then
slowly goes to zero.
(d) The reading on the voltameter reads zero even when connected to the voltage
source.
Ans. : (a)

20 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Solution:
r
In steady State capacitor is open
 R 
V R C V0 =V0  V < V
r+R

Q3. An OR gate, a NOR gate and an XOR gate are to be constructed using only NAND gates.
If the minimum number of NAND gates needed to construct OR, NOR and XOR gates is
denoted n ( OR ) , n ( NOR ) and n ( XOR ) respectively, then

( NOR ) n ( XOR ) > n ( OR )

(a) n= ( NOR ) n=
(b) n= ( XOR ) n ( OR )
(c) n ( NOR ) > n ( XOR ) > n ( OR ) (d) n ( NOR ) < n ( XOR ) =
n ( OR )
Ans. :(a)
Solution:
A
A • G1
A A • G1 A
A+ B
G3 A B = A+ B G3 • G4 A+ B

B • G2 B • G2
B B

(a) Three NAND gate used as an OR gate (b) Four NAND gate used as a NOR gate

A
Y AB + AB =A ⊕ B
B

(c) Four NAND gate used as a XOR gate

SECTION B- (only for Int.-Ph.D. candidates)
Q4. The circuit shown represents a typical voltage-divider bias circuit +VCC
for a transistor. Assume that resistance values and voltage values
are typical for using the transistor as an amplifier. RC
Which of the following changes in the circuit would result in an R1
VC
increase in the collector voltage VC ?
(a) R2 is decreased slightly
(b) R2 is increased slightly R2
RE
(c) RC is decreased slightly
(d) RC is increased slightly
Ans.: (a)

Revised Edition-2022 21
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Solution:

I1 R1
IB
B• +
VCC I2 R2 V Ri >> R2
Ri
B
( I1 ≅ I 2 )
−

Figure: Redrawing the input side of the network.

VCC R2 VCC R
Under this approximation=
VB I=
2 R2 = as R2 ↓, 1 ↑⇒ VB ↓
R1 + R2 R1
+1 R2
R2

Once VB is determined, the level of VE can be calculated from V=

E VB − VBE .

VE
As VB ↓ ⇒ VE ↓ ⇒ I E ≈ I C= ↓.
RE

=
VC VCC − I C RC , as I C ↓ ⇒ VC ↑ .

SECTION B-(Only for Ph.D. candidates)

Q5. The circuit sketched below is called a relaxation oscillator.
2kΩ

Vc − Vout

5kΩ
35kΩ

For the parameters indicated in the figure, the ratio of the maximum voltage at Vout to the

maximum voltage at VC is

1 1 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
8 7 7 4

22 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Ans. : no option matches

2kΩ
Solution:
It’s a square wave generator with output limited between V V1
c • − Vout
±Vsat .
+
So Vout,max = Vsat
V1 •
 35k  7 5kΩ
=
Maximum value at VC is V1 =  Vsat Vsat . 35kΩ
 35k + 5k  8
Vout,max Vsat 8
So = =
VC ,max 7
Vsat 7
8
TIFR-2020 (Solid State Physics Questions and Solution)
SECTION B- (only for Int.-Ph.D. candidates)
Q1. A beam of X -rays is incident upon a powder sample of a material which forms simple
o
cubic crystals of lattice constant 5.5 A . The maximum wavelength of the X -rays which
can produce diffraction from the planes with Miller indices ( 0, 0,5 ) is
o o o o
(a) 2.2 A (b) 55.0 A (c) 1.1 A (d) 27.5 A
Ans.: (a)
Solution:
Bragg’s law is
2d sin (θ ) = nλ

For the maximum wavelength corresponds to

sin (θ ) sin
= = ( 900 ) 1 and n = 1
The wavelength of the x-ray is
0 0
2a 2 × 5.5 A 11A 0
λ 2=
= d = = = 2.2 A
h2 + k 2 + l 2 0 2 + 0 2 + 52 5
Thus, correct option is (a).

Revised Edition-2022 23
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Q2. A semiconductor with donor impurities can be thought in terms of a filled valence band,
a filled donor level and an empty valence band at T = 0 , as shown in the figure below

Conduction Band
∆1
∆2 Donor Level

Valence Band

If the band gap between donor level and conduction band is ∆1 and that between

conduction and valence band is ∆ 2 where ∆ 2  ∆1 , which of the following figures depict

the qualitative features of the resistance ( R ) - vs-temperature (T ) graph of the semi-

conductor?
(Assume temperature-independent scattering rates and a flat density of states for the
bands.)
(a) (b)

R R

T T
(c) (d)

R
R

T
T
Ans.: (a)

24 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Solution:
The electrical conductivity of an n-type semiconductor can be calculated from
σ enµn ≅ eN d+ µn
=

Where, N d+ is the ionized donor concentration and µn is the mobility of the electron

which depends on the scattering of the electrons. In the question is mention to assume
temperature-independent scattering rates, it means µn is temperature independent.

The sample resistance can be written in term of resistivity ρ , length (L) and
cross-section area of the sample through which current is flowing
L 1 L 1 L 1
R=ρ = = + ⇒ R∝
A σ A eN d A N d+

At absolute zero degree (T = 0 K ) , all electrons are un their lowest possible

energy state; that is, for n-type semiconductor, each donor state must contain an electron,
therefore N d+ = 0 , it means resistance will be infinite.
As the temperature increase electrons from the donor levels start moving into the
conduction band, as a result N d+ increases and R decreases. This region is also called

partial ionization region. Since ∆1 is of the order of few meV only, therefore at moderate

but below room temperature the donor’s states are essentially completely ionized and
almost all donor impurity atoms have donated an electron to the conductions band. In
these region R remains constant, this region is called extrinsic region.
At higher temperature, electron-hole pairs are thermally generated and these
electrons from the valence band start moving into the conduction band. Since the intrinsic
carrier concentration is very strong function of temperature, therefore the intrinsic carrier
concentration ni may begin to dominate. The semiconductor will eventually lose its

extrinsic nature, and in this region, resistance falls quickly but never becomes zero.
Therefore, the correct variation of the R vs T is option (a) not the option (d).

Revised Edition-2022 25
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

TIFR-2020 (Nuclear Physics Questions and Solution)

SECTION B- (only for Int.-Ph.D. candidates)
Q1. Consider the nuclear decay chain of radio-Bismuth to Polonium to Lead, i.e.
219
83 Bi →84
210
Po →82
206
Pb

where Pb-206 ( 82
206
Pb ) is a stable nucleus, and Bi - 210 ( 82
219
Bi ) and Po - 206 ( 84
210
Po ) are

radioactive nuclei with half lives of about 5 days and 138 days respectively.
If we start with a sample of pure Bi - 210 ( 82
219
Bi ) , then a possible graph for the time

evolution of the number of nuclei of these three species will be

(a) (b)
number

number
Po − 210
Pb − 206

Bi − 210 Bi − 210
Pb − 206 Po − 210

time time

(c) (d)
number

number

Bi − 210
Po − 210
Pb − 206

Bi − 210 Po − 210

Pb − 206
time time
Ans.: (a)

26 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

Solution:
This is a problem of successive decay. As t 1 ( Bi ) << t 1 ( Po ) , so decay and growth of
2 2

Bi − 210 and Po − 210 will be very quick. Number of nuclei of Po − 210 will increase
upto a maximum value and then start decreasing. The number of nuclei of Pb − 206 will
increase continuously upto the time when their number will become equal to N 0 .

− λ1t N 0 λ1
N Bi = N 0 e= ; N Po e − λ1t − e − λ2t 
λ2 − λ1
N Pb = N 0 − N Bi − N Po

On the basic of above facts, option ( a ) is correct.

SECTION B-(Only for Ph.D. candidates)

Q2. A spin-2 nucleus absorbs a spin-1/2 electron and is then observed to decay to a stable
nucleus in two stages, recoiling against an emitted invisible particle in the first stage and
against an emitted spin-1 photon in the second stage. If the stable nucleus is spinless, then
the spin of the invisible particle is
3 5 3
(a) or (b)
2 2 2
1 3 1
(c) or (d)
2 2 2
Ans.: (a)
Solution.:
X + e
−
Y + Z + γ
 
   
2 1 0 Sf 1 Spins
2
 
 3 5
⇒ S i =or
2 2
 
 3 5
(a) Let S f = or
2 2
 
 3  3     
S i = → S f = → S γ =0,1, 2, 3
2 2
 
 3  5     
S i = → S f = → S γ =1, 2, 3, 4
2 2
 
 3  3     
S i = → S f = → S γ =1, 2, 3, 4
2 2

Revised Edition-2022 27
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks
 
 3  5       
S i = → S f = → S γ =0,1, 2, 3, 4, 5
2 2
So option (a) is correct.
(b) It is also correct but option (a) is best possible (c) and (d)
 
 5  1   
S i = → S f = → S γ =2, 3
2 2
So, option (c) and (d) are wrong.
Q3. Which of the following decays is forbidden?
(a) π 0 → γ + γ (b) K 0 → π + + π − + π 0

(c) µ − → e − +ν e +ν µ (d) n 0 → p + + e − +ν e

Ans.: (c)
Solution.: µ− → e− + νe + νµ

Q −1 −1 0 0 Conserved
L +1 +1 +1 −1 Conserved
B 0 0 0 0 Conserved
S 0 0 0 0 Conserved
   
1 1 1 1 Conserved
Spin
2 2 2 2 Conserved
Parity +1 +1 +1 −1 Conserved
Le 0 +1 +1 0 Not Conserved
Lµ +1 0 0 −1 Not Conserved

So this decay is forbidden.

General Physics
SECTION A-(For both Int. Ph.D. and Ph.D. candidates)
Q1. A three-dimension view of a solid is sketched below:

The three projections below are each intended to show the solid from its front ( F ) , left

side ( L ) and top (T ) , as marked in the figure. Which one is correct?

28 Revised Edition-2022
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]
 TIFR-2020
[SOLUTION]
Physics by fiziks

(a) (b)

F L T F L T

(c) (d)

F L T F L T

Ans. : (a)

SECTION B- (only for Int.-Ph.D. candidates)

SECTION B-(Only for Ph.D. candidates)

Revised Edition-2022 29
H.No. 40-D, G.F., Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498, Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com, Email: [email protected]