Tunnel Support Design From Phase
Uploaded by
prakashTunnel Support Design From Phase
Uploaded by
prakashSupport design from Phase2
Input value
Description
Tunnel diameter = 4.1m
Shape D-shaped
Rock properties
Failure Criterion Generalized Hoek-Brown
Material type Plastic
Global Strength Index (GSI) 50 MPa
Intact Rock Constant (mi) 10
Disturbance Factor (D) 0
Young’s modulus (Ei) 20000 MPa
Intact compressive strength 𝜎 100 MPa
Loading
Major stress 𝜎 10 MPa
Minor stress 𝜎 5 MPa
𝜎 10 MPa
Steps
1. Prepare section in AutoCAD (the section can be prepared in Phase2 as well but it is easier to
do in AutoCAD. While preparing section use layer “Excavations” for the polyline used to prepare
section. Then save as in “.DXF” format
2. In Phase2, go to file and click at Import to import the AutoCAD file.
3. Go to “Boundaries” menu and then click at “Add External”. Then following msgbox will be
displayed. Click on “Box” in Boundary Type and Expansion factor as 3. Click “OK”
4. Right click at the material to provide material properties, click at “Material Properties”. Then
edit/input the material as you require
5. Go to “Analysis” menu and click at “Project Settings”. Then following MsgBox will be displayed.
Go to “Stages” and input 11in number of stages.
6. Go to “Mesh” menu and click at “Discretize and mesh”. The structure will appear like this.
7. Go to stage 2 and right click inside the section and click at assign material and then excavate
8. Then go to “Loading” and click at “Field Stress”. Then following msgbox will be displayed
9. Now click on “Loading” and then click on Distributed loadAdd uniform load Field stress
vectorClick at stage
Then input the value as given below
Then click on tunnel section
10. Then go to “Analysis” and click on “Compute”
11. Then go to “Analysis” and click on “Interpret”
Sigma 𝜎
Total deflection
Total deflection = 0.01396m = 13.96mm
12. In interpret, go to “Analysis” and then click at show yieldShow yielded Elements
Then the image will display like below
Then Click “Measure” (Ctrl+4), provide coordinate of center of tunnel as the starting point of length
Then click on next point farthest from center (radius of plastic zone, Rp)
.
In this example 𝑅 3.865𝑚, 𝑅 2.05𝑚, 𝑋 2.0𝑚 and 𝑢 0.01396𝑚
𝑥 2.0
0.97
𝑅 2.05
𝑅 3.865
1.88
𝑅 2.05
Using Vlachopoulos and Diederichs Method
𝑢
0.68
𝑢
𝑢 0.68 0.01396 0.0095𝑚
13. Go to “Graph” and then “Graph single point vs. stage”. Click at point where maximum
displacement occurs. Then following msgbox will appear. Click “Plot”
Then following graph will appear
Right click, click on “Sampler” and then “show sampler”. Click on the graph when deflection equals to
𝑢 0.0095𝑚. and find the stage number corresponding to 𝑢 . In this case stage-9 is the required stage
at which tunnel relaxes and support shall be installed
14. Creating convergence-confinement curve in excel
Right click on graph and click at “Plot in excel”
15. Revise the stages of internal pressure reduction factor. Go to Project
SettingAnalysisStages. Remove all stage except below and revise internal pressure
reduction factor as well
Stage no Internal pressure reduction factor
Stage-1: Pre excavation 0
Stage-2: Initial stage 1
Stage-9: Tunnel relaxation 0.02
Stage-11: Support installed 0.0
16. Analysis and interpret again
17. For concrete lining: Go to modular again to add supports (lining, rock bolts). Go stage
“Support installed” and then Click on “Support” menu and then “Add liner”. Following msgbox
will appear. Click “OK”.
Then click on section.
Provide liner properties
In addition to changed deflection, bending moments, shear force and axial force at lining can be
evaluated from the analysis.
For Shear force, Bending moment
At interpret, click at “Show values” . Then following msgbox will appear. Bending moment, shear
force as per requirement.
Shear forces
Bending moment
Check for strength as per factor of safeties
At interpret windows, go to “Graph”Click at Support Capacity Plots or click . Following msgbox
will appear. Click number of envelopes 3 with factors of safeties 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4. Support element as
Liner or rock bolts as per the necessity.
Results are displayed as per following
If all points are within the limit of factor of safety, then the assumption of supports are okay. If not, we
should change the support properties.
18. Rock bolts
Make bolts in AutoCAD and save as in .DXF format. But the layer of bolts shall be in “Bolts”. The bolts
can be made in Phase2 as well using “Support”Add Bolts or Add Bolt Pattern.
Adding bolts from .DXF file, first go to file menuImport Import .DXF. Then following msgbox will
appear. Click at “Bolts” and click “OK”, then insert the file of bolts.
Now, the rock bolts will be inserted in the design and looks like below.
Then we have to add Bolts properties. Go to “Properties”Click “Define Bolts”. Following msgbox will
be displayed.
Then analysis and interpret.
Total deflection at support installed
Maximum total deflection after installation of liner and bolts is 13.08mm compared to 13.96mm without
support installation.
Axial force in rock bolts can be displayed similar process to liner.
Axial force and stress of individual bolts can be found by clicking “Graph Bolt Data”
The process of adding support shall be repeated until the section are in within the factor of safety.
