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Difference Between Risc and Cisc Processor Gate Notes 79

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Difference Between Risc and Cisc Processor Gate Notes 79

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Difference Between RISC and

CISC Processor
The main difference between RISC and CISC Processor is that one instruction is executed by
RISC-based computers every clock cycle. However, each instruction in a CISC processor
does so many operations that it takes multiple clock cycles to accomplish it.

RISC vs CISC Processor

Difference Between RISC and CISC Processor


RISC CISC
It has a programming unit that is hardwired. A microprogramming unit is present.
There are numerous different instructions in the
The number of available instructions has
instruction set that can be utilized for intricate
decreased, and most are fairly basic.
processes.
Optimization of performance with a focus on Hardware is prioritized for performance
software. optimization.
RISC processors have fewer instructions of set
There are several instructions.
length.
RISC have heavy RAM usage CISC have more effective RAM usage.
RISC includes instruction cycles on a single An instruction may require multiple clock
clock. cycles in CISC.
Simple instruction decoding is available on The decoding of instructions in CISC is
RISC. complicated.
To store the instruction, numerous register sets To save the instruction, only one register set is
are needed. needed.

RISC and CISC Processor


Both the RISC and CISC processors aim to boost CPU performance in different ways. In
general, RISC is viewed by many as being superior to CISC. The benefit of RISC over CISC
is that developing a CPU is simpler, quicker, and less expensive, thanks to a less complex set
of instructions. Below we have provided the difference between RISC and CISC processors
along with a brief introduction about them.

What is RISC?
Reduced Instruction Set Computer Processor, or RISC, is a microprocessor architecture that
uses a small number of highly specialized instructions. Optimizing and reducing the number
of instructions, it is designed to reduce the time required to execute instructions. This
indicates that there is only one clock cycle needed for each instruction cycle, and there are
three parameters in each cycle: fetch, decode, and execute.
Various complex commands are also carried out by the RISC processor by merging them into
simpler ones. Because RISC devices use more transistors, they are easier to design and have
shorter instruction execution times.

What is CISC?
Complex Instruction Set Computer is the abbreviation for the Intel-created CISC. It has a
sizable collection of complicated instructions that range in complexity from straightforward
to highly specialized at the assembly language level, taking a long time to execute. In order to
reduce the number of instructions in each program, CISC ignores the number of cycles in
each instruction.

CISC places a strong emphasis on creating complex instructions directly in hardware because
the hardware is almost always quicker than software. However, CISC chips consume fewer
instructions than RISC chips, even though they are generally slower than RISC devices.
VAX, AMD, Intel x86, and the System/360 are a few examples of CISC processors.

Key Difference Between RISC and CISC Processor


Every instruction in a RISC processor also has a set memory size, which facilitates its
decoding and execution. The instructions in a CISC processor might have different lengths,
which lengthens the processing time. The key difference between RISC and CISC processors
are given below.

• Instructions are easier to decode in RISC than in CISC, which has a more complex
decoding process.
• Calculations in CISC require external memory, but they are not necessary for RISC.
• While CISC only has a single register set, RISC has numerous register sets.
• The execution time of a RISC computer is very low compared to a CISC computer,
which is very high.
• While CISC code expansion does not cause issues, RISC code expansion might.

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