“THEM "46 -vdhewmed Faihen, hat jlanu Abreee Madawre 04/ 20R4_ Dildorodfon reebons to vareyr phenomena Dhol oeeur cohen o wave encounters on. dorsocke ore. Opes. Wes deStred an She bond? Of conver coround he eonners of on obstactAl | oe yet on apordune tho Sho -teosan of | eomenttal shade othe ohsdnele TU eit ha Super Mon of. so the actor 18 clus 4.20 Ciftentond- ie tiins Ageoond. al crete. oF Saleen is FWerfermenee dueto (©, Distr avg csovelods, Scanned with CamScanner[ Coalerfeeran ca? Sent seo rom eo ° Ccherrerd Sorured, Of Ihe. some coavesrr mm | Brom Phe ali Herd a @© Ringe ak ws merceally. i) Fréngen er are of- conttend- yy & vor! oor dh, | @ Rida of winhavome Bit of amGnimun~ ibe one pnkerds | Moni nev aL untloot fabensgly. @ hr Tdercferereence * Sources. Oke Dilfrockin cue Sahd~ dibs, On difrackon off One, sds, DAU bright bromds anc. @iox frberlercren eo we read QA bredd bronds, an of Qamr2— we nod d00 coho nnn need. choo Nabe coe neal only | = only one Sounee-ol-| | 2 | | un ea We P| nq 3% Of Moe Oia wee TOY B Scanned with CamScanner| SRR no bear ae a | oe “ae onerg (<) gb Apreaad’> | Aome flo for of No | qeomekieal dhoelocd, “q | > Bendi, baht, > Wave, ae Bebe te parsege. of. sadaren thet i. | opes When the a | otra She wae "A jt toe ipsa doer nat bend ttound Nhe dhe waren” When Hho Opening ee Beall les Scanned with CamScannerAJ bending tround fhe aes vA mdb teablo When the opening fA vert Arma , “fhe. ecaves Spread ove the enkina Surdaee— bekind the. opens Lhe opentes ats as ame Fndependendoteaoce oF comes. Wich pre ate uss) Sh all Mucins. a = fat plore conve coos woh bend abthe abbet Sa Opening [| Pening 1 perepleble Gr cry) wher [avez eli - Nhe. bending faleen. place to ruel an kde com be preceived. fr adinadt norcinal +0 Fhe fang preopegation Grier) Suggenbng Scanned with CamScannera [BI | thal Whe openly, ada as a poi Aowtee., | | Tay Tema abvees: Machen thy Bader 19 /04/20h- = eo stb Grobe | alg ger Shep RA Var Lyrbatear Rrovshdent Ahodoes | fe cere rer sor Uh / > Woe a ‘Serceon eer Scanned with CamScanner‘Diced | Hugen’s — Fromme! principle Ateles Hol o | | pol e a ty an Source of | CRBeR ee These coovelds Apraod owt fy the eee Afnebion, ab She ome. He van Phe | Bours. coo. Teams conve-ron 2 aS toogent- to all ha coawdlels. A ¢ eS Scanned with CamScanner || Leb arvamaphioas (econ ie 8 ot a ee PHS SAT AT aah | | The diffraction mebhod eohene. Lhe Rouree_ | ond Roreeon | ane of taste os | | the obstacle a3 4 Seder From | known crs and 7 ' | P ww on ademal pot} ob ack c gt aS ensy, P due ty oe Teer wefreend). | Frernds mebhrod comtde oie ABel | otaven 5 OMI IA A ede a | Nar ete indo a number of. ae | “ Zoner catled Fron, pow | ond ty fod nal oner | ob dhe nee Feat of atk She amon | ee Apheres ane consbruebed coith p Scanned with CamScannerof +eade? OMy ,OM_»0Ms . ‘| These cfrewar Zoner anc called Dabhpertad: | onwsyore eles Eodveone, differ | strom th neigh pure wy o Phare diSterene of ) 7 or pad aie of 2 . Thar the Zeon | waver sheds trom dhe pond ° ond. ne | and teoching p Pe) a o phase a a ot Om pabh differconca 2, A Fremnel tgif | Peded zone ath nape Joon acual cone PB OW Sh anna zone, of Hee ee cwavedtront- he whieh the. Ree P “ed Fes Cormerponding poids of dilos pod I 2 i *: erences. dau sever Sy] nelghoouring Zones | Scanned with CamScanner"The Area oft the. Bt hall ported ema iy is = mony =7 [Mp op] = 0 Cord)" ~4v = aw . x [oar ] [Pet te =Hba ATs yoy Scanned with CamScanner“The rediws of the fied ball paiod ena Ys aI = OM, = Jon The -teodius of dhe fe sore) FOI ole | = J2%a Te aren oft Sa Pesonds thal period? Be ™ [ome on = 7 [2ba- bal 2 AbA “The teodun of dhe Hen Ps lao Mom ol eT a [rgedy an” The ata ob the siedteabalfeepenind, _ Mw sme = [ons omy] ov [sv ~ 20a) 2 WbA Ke es Scanned with CamScannerpean Thun the ancn of each tal period Zone is eqwat do Aba. Also dhe. teodiur of. Srl ena ard eke, Catt. Pood ener ane Ibn. Tan, sa Re tradi ane proporel fon al bo dhe | Aquane reoals. of Mae mnabwial numbers. Hotoeven, | DD Ahold be remembered Mhad the anear ap | dhe Rone ancsmobweoadete bul ane | om ¢ 4 | one coninvarly. 0 ob phase ond Soa phase. nn Te mie. to ht central) on fhe Fi Dolf etod Qone. Leb my? ma, ede. Tee pruned the. ormpbida des. of Vitnadien ol He eSther parieles adip duc do second | Waves trom Hee dds ond Sed ede, hott As We constden the : Guierents fram 9, He oblinth ten \ 7 YW: Po ese pelle em 3}. oO. IS ma 1 dally weet Orden Thuy ot iden pardicles ee “The, Aecond, coves Teachk te pop | Scanned with CamScanner PA fa the posthive Afretin, : Odd number Boma Eznts even Me Qa Totty TA —m, poy = [ When ne nt number | Lbt dabermine Yo cohen ni JA even \y RI Ay Aicbenee_ 74 qe by = fam Yt, ny ~ 2 4m th Lis N= Odd number | Scanned with CamScannerwi A= Shoe —mMe ieee hial Th dhe whole cooveSicont ABCD te wo byfuwtled the number of Jal ported sores thal ee vconbenchen oth, be treefterence, to phe . PIB TA Palette | Now . Ae dla omplitider gna. ob gmt < ol na Onden_ be at Mm OM eg tend to “Therefore, fre -tromiuldernd or Sede oft toe to she seh ge = a ow The indent, — alin pomk i propor to Taesy ae She ompllitnde T=, a Scanned with CamScanneretaa "Gh Leclune 02 | | Rt Zine. plate. ti Whal- is Zone, plate? A zone plate. is aA «4 pedal. conbeted Pereen such thd Lghd- ta obstructed freom every dtlenmate sone, at aon be clerigned ao os to cut oft Sy we to the eh number zones ore wee a Odd numbered genes. The connectors of | Freanels mothed in ditds a coavetront fdo | tal Pertod Zones can = verifiel widh tes Delp. | Te coche a Bene poe ' i nw ty conadwel- a ple? | conchucdion To combed © QA zone lade. Coneenlnte Secles ore craw on ce ae Paper, such a roll # ( teachins~ ano | Prope ona to Fra square reooks Of dhe malhnal m [Pride | ~ The odd rember 20) ns), rl, bh ay coil, | blacke prehancia! Se ge) ae ofo- mi ts ken» The nanos p Pee [Mien Toe! (edhe Pncbelte Scanned with CamScannerAome, pectin of Whe Ty the developed nage done plate. he oda Pores ane. int a do Pretdard- Urghd and he even 2ones coll ns off light. Th Whad- ts pestlte and negate. Zone, plete? oe Zine plode me ers do” ot explata Sree LOd Bones, Ne Phebgeepl sit be Bhan an Signe EE] | vot ONd A ene Se moved on the ofhere safle 40 get ° the tage, 5 call be je—— b 4} eh’ ed rasti | Si bre 15 porsthle ad ae Scanned with CamScanner1) Aaa. nev b am Sreom Nhe Zone phe. XO elt tugpen Balf of the foetderd plome. wavetreond. Pfs Heo. peat od colin the Wht Patensity fe ty bo considered . The Lidimee of- : port P Srom dhe ieave tuned: io b OMy= ry = I ey “ OM, th = Java HAO OMs = tty te! aus Me rodt? of! he: zones | Te {bA and ry =ARba and tea =[3ba cohere A Pe the wore Lengtl. ff bal-. | From He abore We car Aceh . | ttadit of dhe sone ‘pl ane. propo Poa aa soohs of he mmadunal wren, _ react hte oomes ae So, T= faba zt plle. a a | = col, bdotnod | 7 (rn) = anh delet leh °. lhe? | >be a ° ° / TE [omen col te petted be Tn a plane o Pi eamcnil 1d . te Ie NZ col rearpecd Ama area Nhe Zone ple. “he even numbered fe fe ce dhe terulberd | Poke myt ms 4M +... che Be aren, by, deel lengths ol the ane. plodefd) ‘oallmp a= b= | | Scanned with CamScanner| Bl |" Tee, a See pble Ue diffoad Spd on] omulltple focal lana la fore. tfferord aove bg th, a, the reads of lhe mh Bora tnetearcd Got Mereaving Value ATH | esha “ted ate, that ar ra event, | Fonee ane o4 ore Op oes the fidens\; brite ret Or Narn 4rd crben dhe | ol coos frei Ts sed ty a otek P| pian the even usrboral Pones are eT | amplitude % qteen Me A= My $M prime to-~ Mm, -- (is odd) Vien the whole coaveder ort M% wnobstucked | owmpl hide. Pe qe ra CBisGheg) \ A= M4 -M +My ~™, Fee EM hea te eae] we omy SE] : ten, | My ese | 2 2 2 | Te parallel looun of bahd te | end. om dhe Gene lode, Ar ahah +o Soous ab ai arand- | poirds along. he Ure oP. : Scanned with CamScannerne ade. Vi © Bones ==©) thas de —finetion ol a one plate Foeus Pe atm Pdar 4, A Convex ence ‘ic o formula conned We cltclanee of rp chest and tmage ponds ean lac ‘ey Ads r a ore. ple Oy on wf a Zone Tne’. Aphortal woe tod plate. ene on Pellet | Let x reeprecenl dhe seclliee of the | perpanclindan to dhe plenze nee A | Poe Ss fs A pol aoumee f ft, Fe the postion of MI Acree for, »W fe the. Aredomec— of wm the, sone tle and hh | Ph a hg re m 4, 2 Me . ae tro? oF the. Bp 20d Bred ebe. bal pertad “The. post, | the wecen ts | Scanned with CamScanner| “Thus, so +OP. = a arb IS -2 | SMe MPs athe ~---(i) | SM +hMyp satrbt 8 and ao on | From the aSMy , 1 = Eom omy “SM = (a+ w yer Stroitavuby trom AoMP , Mp = (or oe ome Ne 2Me = (+ ep) | Subd tha he Value rig sm aod MP ia a vo Gi) we ef, Girne y’ “+ Wd arpa 2 | 14 ie | a tL 2 7 (+5 ye b (a: er) = arb +X wv A a4 Te ree — L se RM ol 2 ator 2. a b6) >= > 1 = x Steril ly lie Kn! i nadfu of Tend Bone 5 the relalforh can be, Lorttthen evs Scanned with CamScannerModing de atgn convention » pits Lt 6 * * ; Atmihan =f, ay Aeon ers ‘n dhe Case of (ee Hetonee of the tm Sts Heel ot cl a ee iia Ky Grae oN Cet plole Oo rubliole. Lee Dich depend umlosz oy 2oneS ured an well or dhe oo = empl ies ? “a gone plate a lons* 4 Zone, om I Scanned with CamScanner clGh Difference betoar o Zone pale ad A Conver lens: i @ Broa qien coavelenghh () 4 Os eonver lane hao oh one | Ae . Eth a comex bene the vrolab cays of Led ia neon the bene thon the ted — 2. because Ley ee mcd | Ne Yndex for Vole £ bls is rae fed lenge of ‘Parag net ‘ey we ; Lax ; Scanned with CamScanner2a Each Soeue cornespords to Me thhooe ob. silk pabouenct' ds P 5h ald wteoben ct ee perctod clomenk com be constructed on cael gore. As fhe senean- °s mowed Neanere cf tener ance, of Nhe. bal ied me Le ceyarees a more Dall period, Ths Tm Puldion of Ihe Wwe spe, Me poted Sine con te obey OE) " prerent on cn one. Fon = Soual ne fer, the Here | Pro Ratton om Ne. $2 tnene, f (De Crs) Lit pebd 2” Sar ps, Haters And m= focal banal of - the Zone <= Me ree oft tha Kt m oem Ae wore pars 3 Scanned with CamScannerRa] re the cleenease inthe goal Zone plate 2 Aeceroarer Bifocal lenghh Er een al 2) Local op Ledinyf the the td 20 clepeed the period Has Done. =m ike ™- My) + ™, Bud My +g les = motce than 2 { A conver ical if the Pet Bone. fee A ose ree bul perdod Lana ri pin ey aap bude. at p dua cue to fash Zone Pa = ath my 4 Se ee zona Po BD | ethan im, — be, mL been PY aes. SS omy The legh F voted. Gy wabseb a He reverse Pr ease he Brighdnon te t Ra- poner CY) ne. aa ont one, gen er ie ampldude ad-‘p' dae, bon. Fe neyo Jong Rae Scanned with CamScannerPhenomenon — abot (abe, TH Companison bebseen o Zone lens on Differences ! Zone Plode Vs Convex bans Zone ple 1 Conver lene - A zone pale aeks ET A comex beng aleoaye ack an A convex fens plete. and aw comen| A convex bore Forms 2 16 alr > | Aramco Sou ong o ran! age 5] Sn cote OF one pide | iI Th case of comox Lens She || neq %& Sormed b la Fnsge ts fre duo ty | He” Fed cenaon of Mtfcadtonl refraction of Lald- [J The 2pne plale Tone vrs Connex lane 0 foe? on ether. Aide of Hag One-foens fle all bald € . Heree intens?! arr ELS at one. pobd, She ee Hho. fmoge formed wth} od te, w Hy i vmach. “osm wn. aac tage We ee EIAn a sepe pale tas a> ewe oh ag ee fe the "te pod Jig elt eel point ee en aero a Te 2 fforzon A ard ee Wee ° phan LA aone plate com |B] Glan Lens cam mot oe used over a wide |Used b yond of awave, un fron wnierm waves Chromatic shonin fA Ahromalte_ abennasiv|| ey ts ynorea_hh * (Coren) ts Len dha Vit ble Teegion, Cornea \ | | ! Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerGh Distinelion (mi) /Diftecence belbcen | Tlenforence and Ditheachon. | Tinler(erence- Deel : I a ean tothe, |B) Differaction fs te coming fore dotfe.. | Bat Coming From de 0k f. am2_ wove ~ Onin Tees , hear ° ouxee . ee | oa El Diffackton Lenaco| a nt are no} of eo ot Whe, med neh oT aame. atdth. AAMEL 69} ‘lel of midimuor| BL Regions oft ue nhonstly aa porledhly. hor ae | ae of same ee fet raatna ay of pat te t wn ery Scanned with CamScannerel ~ —— lf a Rh Difference belveen FraunloHen and Fzenel Diffraction: Fresnel Dibirecton. Fraunhofer. Diffraction “SCREEN @ Sir SCREEN | 2 P ° st MZ) | Ve | | 7a x | El | The Sige) ir as je Te ane FE ond | sereon eathe, cielo fnféri fophale. oe ee aie Aco jon aperchune. =siodin sperbine. No Lepn ere: regis ll iy ahs er ng t 1 sos adi "itinoelion on bead ; ested’ oF etfe| | The f th i al pak of te wreph dae" [ne < Freaming me i the. tneident} lense. and eee diftnacked cosidered}| |boam —& Sowsed on dre tenre Sore Hom Raecees with another bers | cometrion toetdand |(El| The. conve Freon 5 | A Begone a ts egthen. onthe. Tendon eet | eglindrScal ore Apherieal plane. the diffracted tyavedront ae al is Aphercfea) are cybindrefeat, i Te tacted toned + [Hl [Ether bright or. dark. |[z (Gerfcal spok ts alucoys bright a 2) Gi[THs complex. DiBradion palfenn exsily observed, iT Fafial phase of second. Hie trivial 7 Be cid oft [eeaide tne eee’ cont pots tn dhe plane. | [pdede. fn dhe plane. of the. of the opetdurce aperchune. Scanned with CamScannerTaD Sheackton, Canad A alifleae in anang fr a spaced avant ore ia used res produce “ffenedfon phenomenon a Darga mumbere of en and et Be Abk be ruled slde by Ade 07 % gloss plate and. a ae are nepertated lox opaque qreling Shen the plate forms an deftracdfor fo done a Sine so, por, ‘3 " ey [1] “Transmisston., qratt — fl Reflection gating. ‘t TBs Gahg conchadt Wie atdiee ae She aT of a see do the next abods alee ts ealled q rabing. 00 aonehend- ore a, Qs wotdth oft dhe abh vb = widdh of: She Opaque pordtion, dhe Guebing eonchal, It! af | | ils | Scanned with CamScanner | | | |“The. reasolving Power of a cae ing fs defined oe the radio ¢ We ee ahi) Line. to "ae need Be woweben. uo, fs Wine and a regent Wane sud shuso we sirens be Gud resolved . Thusy ive Treso) power a to bo Jusd- ress So, ne any ee of. maxima at, grading oe a [a8 Pars ry Rayleigh enfherfone | ch Delerminasion. of Resoltns wer of a plane] Aradion. Girvodng : = Scanned with CamScannerme ts he ael pwface an MN & Sle a of views of the telescope, Fi, fe the primary masdimor of & Apectnal Sine of taave hg fe AL at an angie oft diffrad.. ~ion On» 2, % the wh primary mardiman ok a Ae2ond Apectral The of wavela th | Ay rday al a dftfrach angle Sosa: “These. Toco pedal Gres" accond?, red bald ull appear. resolved A peilon of & ae corresponds $y Fes rita | “The. drain of tie whl pe masetmum fore a col i Ps oe by (ab) Sin By =A N= 61,2,3, ---| > N(atb) Sin, =Nn ay, | the. condftton for. sal wetntina tina of nghe | N (048) Sin(6,+d0) =m Ay _a hera, me 12,3,-—, mN-41 doaN+h MAN,AN,-—,2N lek, Me IN +4 —Gi) : -N @+) Str (On+d6) =(AN+1)A, Scanned with CamScannerConelition Sie the adh cordral mand a of (arb) Sin(On+d0) Snr, Mubbiphe ly N, Ni (ath) Sh (6,440) =.N% ©) Comparcing @40, CN+1) a = NA y= > (N41) yo MN (td2) eearda | FP X= da | >\ 2 a mms order of deflection Ne mwmlon of plife | The Atsperestre. power of, yeobng fe de -~_% _ _ AN dA” (atb)eosb ~ cose Scanned with CamScannerle th Preags 5 Lay | i » PLLWL * we / | aven stinple fowl - r iN tod Zo PARED ej teal condtt om cubs ter 2 . athe Aadtsfted 1X nant plane {3 _—_ re ee ie | 0: Tenge Foul te (adstag= WA) called Baggs lato A Fa Dentvone L OR The reedlecbed ARS BS oll sien $ Aan tite My ro Sf a7 Tt ec CB+PD is ezpal to fndeqral mpl le. “\ Pp ofA ¥ >|! he eB+ep= nr. __@ Now, TA Aca 2 8%n 92 , AB Sfntlanly , =F CB=ABSine Bo= dsino = dso Os done + dein = na |2dsho =n” Scanned with CamScanner