DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR GROUND WATER TANK

Name of work :- pkn

1 Tank size L= 6.00 x B= 4.00 x H= 3.00 m
2 Tank capacity 72000 ltr
3 Saturated soil unit wt 17.00 kN/m3 17000 N/m3
4 Conrete M 20 unit weight 25000 N/m3
scbc 7 N/mm2 m 13
5 Steel fy 415 Tensile stress 115 N/mm2
6 Nominal Cover 35 mm Water unit wt 9.80 kN/m3
7 Thickness Walls 220 mm 0.22 m
Top roof 200 mm 20 cm 0.20 m
Bottom slab 100 mm 10 cm 0.10 m
7 Reinforcement
Long wall
In side near corner Horizontal 20 mm F 110 mm c/c 1.00 m height
above the base, near corners.
in side middle horizontal 20 mm F 110 mm c/c upto top
Out side middle horizontal 20 mm F 220 mm c/c upto top
Short wall
In side near corner Horizontal 20 mm F 110 mm c/c upto top
Out side middle horizontal 20 mm F 220 mm c/c, upto top
Distribution 10 mm F 230 mm c/c vertical
9 Base Main 8 mm F 250 mm c/c in both direction
 DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR GROUND WATER TANK
Name of work :- pkn
Tank size 6.00 x 4.00 x 3.00 m
Tank capacity 72000 ltr
Saturated soil unit wt 17.00 kN/m3 17000 N/m3
Conrete M 20 unit weight = 25000 N/m3
Steel fy 415 N/mm2 Tensile stess = 115 N/mm2
scbc 7 N/mm2 m= 13
Nominal cover 35 mm unit wt. of water = 9.8 N/mm3 9800

1 Design Constants:- For HYSD Bars Cocrete M = 20

sst = 115 N/mm2 wt. of concrete = 25000 N/mm2
scbc = 7 N/mm2 m = 13
m*c 13 x 7
k= = = 0.442
m*c+sst 13 x 7 + 115
j=1-k/3 = 1 - 0.442 / 3 = 0.853
R=1/2xc x j x k = 0.5 x 7 x 0.853 x 0.442 = 1.320

3 Determination of B.M. for horizontal bending :--

L/B = 6.00 / 4.00 = 1.50 < 2
Hence Both long and short walls will bend horizontally for upper portion, upto poin D, where horizontal water
pressure is p=w(H-h).
Here h = H/4 or 1 m which ever is greater \ h = 1.00 m
Thus top 2.00 m height of walls will be bend horizontally while the bottom 1.00 m will bend as
vertical cantilever . The bending moments for horizontal bending may be determined by moment
distribution by considering tank as continuos frame of unit height at level of D.
Water pressure p at point D is given by =p= w (H - h ) = 9800 ( 3.00 - 1.00 )= 19600 N-m
PL 2
P x 6.00 '=2
The Fixed end moments for long wall = = 3.00 P N-m
12 12
PB2 P x 4.00 2'=
Fixed end moments for short wall = = 1.33 P N-m
12 12
Refer fig 1. Consider quarter frame FAE with joint A rigid. Taking clock wise moment as positive and anticlock
wise moment as negative, the fixed end moment MAF for long wall will be + 3.00 P while the fixed end
end moments MAF for short wall will be - 1.33 P Considreing Area A and moment of inertia l for
both the walls to be the same, the stiffness of walls will be inversely proportional to these length.
Thus we have following table.
Member Stiffness Relative stiffness Sum Distribution factor
1 1 2
AE x 6.00 = 2 = 0.4
3 3 5
5
1 1 3
AF x 6.00 = 3 = 0.6
2 2 5

The moment distribution is carried out in the following table.

Joint A
Member AE AF
Distribution facvtor 0.4 0.6
Fixed end moments + 3.00 p - 1.33 p

Balancing moments - 0.6667 p - 1 p

Final moments + 2.33 p - 2.33 p

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Hence moment at supports, Mf= 2.33 x 19600 = 45733 N-m/m
This support moment will cause tension at the water force.
p L2 19600 x 6.00 2
B.M. at the center long span = - Mf "= 45733 = 42467 N-m/m
8 8
This bending moment cause tension at outer face.
p B2 19600 x 4.00 2
B.M. at the center short span = - Mf "= 45733 = -6533 N-m/m
8 8
This will cause tension at the water face. \ Max. design B.M. = 42467 N-m/m

3 Design of section :- Considring bending effect alone,

42467 x 1000
Required depth = = 179 mm
1.320 x 1000
Provide total depth T= 179 + 35 = 220 mm so that available d = 185 mm

4 Determination pull :-
Direct tension on Long wall = PL = P x B/2 = 19600 x 4.00 / 2 = 39200 N
Direct tension on short wall = PL = P x B/2 = 19600 x 6.00 / 2 = 58800 N

5 Cantilever Moment :- Cantilever moment atb the base, per unit length .
h2 9800 x 4.00 x 1.00 2
= wH x = 6533 N-m
6 6
This will cause tension at water face.
6 Reinforcement at corners of long walls.:- The upper portion of long walls is subjected to both bending in
horizontal direction as well as pull. The reinforcement for both will be in horizontal direction. Hence
reinforcement has to be provided forr a net moment (MF - Px ), where Mf is the moment at ends (causing
tension on water face). Similarly vertical section of unit height ( 1 m) of long wall, at its end, at the level of
1.00 m above the base , where reinforcement is provided at the water face.
T 220
x=d- = 179 - = 69 mm
2 2
Mf - Pl x 45733 x 1000 ) - 39200 x 69
Ast for B.M. = = = 2371 mm2
sst.j.d 115 x 0.853 x 185
PL 39200
Ast for pull = = = 341 mm2
ss 115
Total Ast = 2371 + 341 = 2712 mm2 per meter height.
3.14xdia 2
3.14 x 20 x 20
using 20 mm bars A = = = 314 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 314 / 2712 = 116 say = 110 mm
Hence Provided 20 mm F bar, @ 110 mm c/c. The above reinforcement is to be provided at
inner face, near the corners, and at a height 1.00 m above the base. For other height the above spacing
may be varied, since bending moment will reduce.

7 Reinfocement at the middle of long wall. :-

Tension occurs at outer face. However, since distance of corner of steel from
water face will be less than 225 mm, permissible stress will be 115 N/mm2 only. Design constants
will be k = 0.4417 j = 0.853 R = 1.318
Design B.M. = 42467 N-m per meter height. Also PL = 39200 N
M - Pl x 42467 x 1000 ) - 39200 x 69
Ast for B.M. = = = 2192 mm2
sst.j.d 115 x 0.853 x 185
PL 39200
Ast for pull = = = 341 mm2
ss 115
Total Ast = 2192 + 341 = 2533 mm2 per meter height.
 3.14xdia2 3.14 x 20 x 20
using 20 mm bars A = = = 314 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 314 / 2533 = 124 say = 120 mm
This is very near to the reinforcement provided at ends.Hence provided 20 mm f bars 110 mm
c/c. Bend half the bars provided at ends, outwards.at distance L/4 = 1.50 m form ends.
This reinforcement is to be provided at outer face. The additional 20 mm f bars provided @ 220 mm c/c.
are continued upto the end.

8 Reinforcement for shorts walls.:-

B.M. at ends=Mf = 45733 N-m Direct pull pu = 58800 N
M - PB x 45733 x 1000 ) - 58800 x 69
Ast for B.M. = = = 2297 mm2
sst.j.d 115 x 0.853 x 185
PL 58800
Ast for pull = = = 511 mm2
ss 115
Total Ast = 2297 + 511 = 2808 mm2 per meter height.
3.14xdia 2
3.14 x 20 x 20
using 20 mm bars A = = = 314 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 314 / 2808 = 112 say = 110 mm
Hence provide 20 mm f bars @ 110 mm c/c at inner face near the ends of short span.
The B.M. at the center of short walls cause tension at water face (unlikethat in the center of long walls where
tension is produced at outer face ).since this B.M. is small, only nominal reinforcement is required. Similarlly,
we have to provide nominal reinforcement at outer face,. Hence bend half bars outward at distance B/4= 1.00
m from each end, and continue remaning half tjrought. Thus at the center of span, the reinforcement on each
face will consist of 20 mm f bars @ 220 mm c/c.

9 Reinforcement for cantilever moment and distribution reinforcement.:-

max. cantilever moment= 6533 N-m
6533 x 1000
Ast = = 360 mm2
115 x 0.853 x 185
0.3
But minimum reinforcementin vertical direction = x( 220 x 1000 )= 660 mm2
100
Since half of this area of steel can reist cantilever momnt, we will provide = 330 mm2 steel area vertically
on the inner face and remaining area i.e.= 330 mm2 vertically at outer face to serve as distribution
reinforcment. \ Area of steel on each face = 330 mm2.
3.14xdia 2
3.14 x 10 x 10
using 10 mm bars A = = = 78.5 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 78.5 / 330 = 238 say = 230 mm
Hence Provided 10 mm F bar, @ 230 mm c/c on out side face, at bottom of long wall

10 Design of base slab:-

Since tank rest on ground, provide a 100 mm thick base slab.
taking 1m length for calculation and 0.20 % of nominal reinforcement
0.20 x 1000 x 100
area of steel = = 200 mm2
100
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 8 x 8
using 8 mm bars A = = = 50.2 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 50.2 / 200 = 251 say = 250 mm
Hence Provided 8 mm F bar, @ 250 mm c/c in both direction , at top and bottom of base slab.

11. Detail of reinforcement :-

shown in drawing.
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 DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR GROUND WATER TANK

Name of work :- pkn

#NAME? mm f @ #NAME? mm c/c
#NAME? mm f @ #NAME? mm c/c
#NAME?
Roof
#NAME? mm f @ #NAME? mm c/c Err:509 mm f @ 0
#NAME? mm c/c

4.00 Err:509 #NAME? mm f @ #NAME? 3.00

#NAME? mm f @ #NAME?

Err:509 #NAME? mm f @ #NAME?

0.00 #NAME? mm f @ #NAME?

0.00
#NAME?

#NAME? 6.00 m #NAME?

Reinforcement detail for short wall, Roof and bottom slab

#NAME? mm f @ #NAME? mm c/c

#NAME? mm f @ #NAME? mm
#NAME?
3.00 #NAME? mm f @ #NAME? mm

#NAME? mm f @ #NAME? mm c/c

#NAME? mm f @ #NAME? mm c/c #NAME?
#NAME? mm f @ #NAME? mm

Reinforcement detail for short wall [email protected]